scholarly journals Dobroczynność w Rosji w świetle publikacji w czasopismach i almanachach literackich pierwszej połowy XIX wieku

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Dąbrowska
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Private Charity ◽  
The Common ◽  
Belles Lettres ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article presents the publications in the periodical “Zhurnal Imperatorskogo chelovekolubivogo obshchestva” and the literary almanac Podarok bednym in the light of the development of charity in Russia (motives, forms, results): 1. The publications of Alexander Sturdza (About social charity, About private charity), Pyotr Shalikov etc.; 2. The charity institutions in the capital and the provinces; 3. The charity initiatives of women and the Russian writers. “Zhurnal Imperatorskogo chelovekolubivogo obshchestva” (the monthly magazine) was published in St. Petersburg from 1817 to 1826. It contained, among other elements, information and reports about the activity of philanthropists and charity institutions, and literary works (Hymn to love for a man by Pyotr Shalikov). Podarok bednym was published in Odessa in 1834 (the motto was a quotation from the Aeneid by Vergil: “Miseris succurrere disco”) by a women’s benevolent society. It contained the commentaries and works of belles-lettres. The paper compares “Zhurnal Imperatorskogo chelovekolubivogo obshchestva” and Podarok bednym (the “common places”, for instance the articles by Alexander Strudza About social charity published in “Zhurnal Imperatorskogo chelovekolubivogo obshchestva” in 1817 and in Podarok bednym in 1834). It presents also the discussions about charity in the Russian periodicals in the first half of the 19th century.

scholarly journals The Middle Ages are not enough: the fourth paradox and the marginalization of the Roman Empire

2017 ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Francesc Morales
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Nationalist Movements ◽  
Complex Problems ◽  
The Common ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract: The palates of the nationalist authors of the 19th century found the common past exemplified by the Roman Empire to be too homogeneous a taste. Although this premise may be valid for all European nationalist movements of the 19th and early 20th centuries, the discussion here is limited to Spain’s problematic national construction during the 19th century and the group formed by Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. Spain and ‘Benelux’ were chosen because they represent complex problems in the construction of a key dynamic of European nationalism: a political contemporary diversity linked to pre-Roman and post-Roman pasts. Despite these political and historical connections, the paths taken by these nationalisms are significantly different.Key words: Rome, Netherlands, Spain, nationalism, EuropeResumen: Un pasado común ejemplificado por el Imperio Romano pasa por ser demasiado homogéneo para el gusto de los autores nacionalistas en el siglo XIX. Esta premisa puede ser válida para todos los movimientos nacionalistas europeos, pero voy a limitarme a la problemática de la construcción nacional en España durante el siglo XIX y al grupo formado por Bélgica, los Países Bajos y Luxemburgo. Ambas regiones representan similares complejidades en la construcción de un nacionalismo europeo: una diversidad política contemporánea enlazada con un pasado prerromano y post-romano. A pesar de tener conexiones políticas e históricas, el camino de estos dos nacionalismos es significativamente diferente.Palabras clave: Roma, Países Bajos, España, nacionalismo, Europa  

scholarly journals Recognition of two great contemporaries

Muzikologija ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 147-157
Author(s):  
Melita Milin
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
Professional Goals ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Common ◽  
The 19Th Century

The common denominator in the careers of two contemporaries and great men, citizens of Austria-Hungary - Leos Jan?cek and Sigmund Freud - was that, in spite of their status as outsiders, they managed to achieve well-deserved recognition. Both non-Germans, they had to surmount a number of obstacles in order to attain their professional goals. The Slavophile Jan?cek dreamed for a long time of success in Prague, which came at last in 1916, two years before a triumph in Vienna. Freud had serious difficulties in his academic career because of the strengthening of racial prejudices and national hatred which were especially marked at the end of the 19th century. After the dissolution of the Empire things changed for the better for the composer, whose works got an excellent reception in Austria and Germany, whereas the psychiatrist had to leave Vienna after the Anschluss.

Epidemics as Leisure Killers: The Transformation of Japan’s Entertainment Industry in the Second Half of the 19th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-217
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Entertainment Industry ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The 19Th Century

Among the various human attitudes toward a pandemic, along with fear, despair and anger, there is also an urge to praise the catastrophe or imbue it with some sort of hope. In 2020 such hopes were voiced in the stream of all the other COVID-19 reactions and interpretations in the form of predictions of imminent social, political or economic changes that may or must be brought on by the pandemic, or as calls to “rise above” the common human sentiment and see the pandemic as some sort of cruel-but-necessary bitter pill to cure human depravity or social disorganization. Is it really possible for a plague of any kind to be considered a relief? Or perhaps a just punishment? In order to assess the validity of such interpretations, this paper considers the artistic reactions to the pandemics of the past, specifically the images of the plague from Alexander Pushkin’s play Feast During the Plague, Antonin Artaud’s essay “The Theatre and the Plague” and Albert Camus’s novel The Plague. These works in different ways explore an attitude in which a plague can be praised in some respect. The plague can be a means of self-overcoming and purification for both an individual and for society. At the same time, Pushkin and Camus, each in his own way and by different means, show the illusory nature of that attitude. A mass catastrophe can reveal the resources already present in humankind, but it does not help either the individual or the society to progress.

The cultural baggage of the desert island

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will Straw
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Desert Island ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Baggage

The notion of the desert island disc has its roots in ideas of travel and self-improvement extending at least as far back as the 17th century. Lists of records to be taken to a desert island follow on from collections of books to be taken on long sea voyages. Descriptions of these collections recur throughout 19th century journalism, then become fashionable in the 1910s and 1920s, when the concept of ‘literature as luggage’ enjoys a brief vogue. By the 1930s, musical recordings begin to take their place alongside lists of literary works, laying the groundwork for Desert Island Discs and other manifestations of a music-oriented turn towards personal musical canons. Noting the ways in which such lists move between expressions of personal affinity and acknowledgements of public canons, the chapter traces the evolution of the travel-list and the shipwreck-list through literature and music from the 19th century onward.

Conocimiento, Lenguaje Y Gramatica En La Obra De Andrés Bello (1781–1865)

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 263-286
Author(s):  
Hernán Urrutia
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
Scientific Objectivity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Andres Bello

Summary Andrés Bello (1781–1865) is the most important Spanish grammarian of the 19th century. In his work, he attempts to apply a scientific objectivity, free from any dogmatism, to the study of language and social reality with a view to improving man and his community: Social progress, and not simply individual progress, is one of the driving ideas of his work. In linguistics, the source of his inspiration was general grammar, both synchronic and pedagogical. His work reaches its crowning in his Grammar of the Castillian Language for the use of Spanish-Americans of 1847. In his conception, it is the goal of norms and of the respect of usage that they determine to continually remind the community of speakers of a particular behaviour in order to avoid the bad consequences of a cultural and linguistic disruption. It is in the light of earlier considerations that Andrés Bello brings to bear all his concern for the preservation of the Spanish cultural heritage, in particular the common language as an instrument of communication and integration, and as the repository capitalizing on the cultural language. In this way, he appears to us, apart from his eminent position of renewer of the study of Spanish grammar, as the initiator of the immense task which consists of the development of a socio-cultural and linguistic variant within the Spanish unity. He thus contributed, in a decisive manner, to the formation of an Spanish-American man who is conscious of his tradition and his historical place in the world.

scholarly journals SWAMI VIVEKANANDA: AS A SOCIAL REFORMER

2020 ◽  
pp. 461-463
Author(s):  
Jagabandhu Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Social Reformer ◽  
Common People ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Development ◽  
The Common ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Swami Vivekananda

Swami Vivekananda was the pioneer of the 19th century renaissance by religious revolution in India. He was one of the foremost leaders who were very much concerned about the poor and subjugated persons of the society. Vivekananda realized that there is need of reformation in society. Vivekananda wanted to revive the lost confidence of the common people in society. He visited extensively within the country to understand their problem. He wanted to eliminate all the social evils of the society which are major obstacles for the mankind. These social evils are poverty in general, untouchability, illiteracy, intolerance, religious superstitions etc. He always pleaded for the fraternity, humanity and harmony. He realized that the ultimate goal can be achieved through self-development of human values, not only by laws. In this short discourse, I would like to highlight Vivekanada’s philosophical realization towards the mankind and his ideo of Rerormation. KEYWORDS- Reformation, Untouchability, Self-realization, Harmony, Humanism, Brahman, Narayana, Brotherhood.

scholarly journals Perubahan Makna Kata Tengah dalam Hikayat Aceh (1625); Hikayat Siak (1855); dan Belahan Jiwa (2012) (The Change Oof Word Meaning “Tengah” In Hikayat Aceh (1625); Hikayat Siak (1855); And Belahan Jiwa (2012))

JALABAHASA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Rissa Yulia Pungkysari
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Ibarat makhluk hidup, bahasa mengalami perkembangan yang secara otomatis menghasilkan suatu perubahan. Perubahan dalam bahasa dapat meliputi perubahan dari segi fonologi, morfologi, sintaksis, dan semantik. Penelitian ini membahas perubahan dari segi semantik kata tengah dalam tiga karya sastra yang berbeda periode, yaitu Hikayat Aceh (1625) dari abad ke17, Hikayat Siak (1855) dari abad ke-19, dan Belahan Jiwa (2012) dari abad ke-21. Kalimatkalimat yang mengandung kata tengah dalam ketiga karya sastra diiventarisasi dan dianalisis menggunakan teori Cruse (2000) tentang semantik leksikal dan semantik gramatikal. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, penulis mengidentifikasi lima definisi makna kata tengah dalam karya sastra Hikayat Aceh (1625), Hikayat Siak (1855), dan Belahan Jiwa (2012). Lima definisi makna yang ditemukan meliputi tempat di antara dua tepi, sela/antara, paruh/perdua, sedang, dan sekitar; kira-kira; kurang lebih. Perubahan yang tampak pada pemaknaan kata tengah adalah eliminasi kata tengah yang bermakna sekitar; kira-kira; kurang lebih dalam bahasa Indonesia yang digunakan saat ini.Just like living things, language developes which is automatically produces a change. The changes of language may include the changes in terms of phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics. This study discusses the semantic changes of the word tengah in three different period of literary works, namely Hikayat Aceh (1625) from the 17th century, Hikayat Siak (1855) from the 19th century, and the Hemisphere (2012) from the 21st century. Sentences which contain the word tengah in all three literary works are collected and analyzed using Cruse's (2000) theory of lexical semantics and grammatical semantics. Based on the results of the analysis, the authors identified five definitions of the meanings of the word tengah in the Hikayat Aceh literature (1625), Hikayat Siak (1855), and Belahan Jiwa (2012). The five definitions of meaning found include tempat di antara dua tepi, sela/antara, paruh/perdua, sedang, and sekitar; kira-kira; kurang lebih. The changes appear in the definition of the word tengah was the elimination of the word tengah which means sekitar; kira-kira; kurang lebih. 

THE LANGUAGE POLICY IN TURKIC STATES AND COMMUNITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Elchin Ibrahimov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
First Order ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 19Th Century

The history of the language policy of the Turks begins with the work Divanu lugat at-turk, written by Mahmud Kashgari in the 11th century. Despite the fact that the XI-XVII centuries were a mixed period for the language policy of the Turkic states and communities, it contained many guiding and important questions for subsequent stages. Issues of language policy, originating from the work of Kashgari, continued with the publication in 1277 of the first order in the Turkic language by Mehmet-bey Karamanoglu, who is one of the most prominent figures in Anatolian Turkic history, and culminated in the creation of the impeccable work Divan in the Turkic language by the great Azerbaijani poet Imadaddin Nasimi who lived in the late XIV - early XV centuries. Later, the great Uzbek poet of the 15th century, Alisher Navoi, improved the Turkic language both culturally and literally, putting it on a par with the two most influential languages of that time, Arabic and Persian. The appeal to the Turkic language and the revival of the Turkic language in literature before Alisher Navoi, the emergence of the Turkic language, both in Azerbaijan and in Anatolia and Central Asia, as well as in the works of I. Nasimi, G. Burkhanaddin, Y. Emre, Mevlana, made this the language of the common literary language of the Turkic tribes: Uzbeks, Kazakhs-Kyrgyz, Turkmens of Central Asia, Idil-Ural Turks, Uighurs, Karakhanids, Khorezmians and Kashgharts. This situation continued until the 19th century. This article highlights the history of the language policy of the Turkic states and communities.

Love and Mathemetics. Sofia Kovalevska – Science and Struggle for Happiness

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276
Author(s):  
Nurie Muratova
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Russian Mathematician ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

The author follows the professional successes and the personal experience of the one of the first women in the modern science – the Russian mathematician Sofia Kovalevska. The dialogue between her strong will, energy and intellect in the male world of science and her delicate sensibility and deep emotionality in her literary works has been analysed and the conflict points has been outlined. The author tries to answer to the question why despite of her professional successes Sofia Kovalevska felt unhappy, why the question of happiness is key question in her literary works and memoirs. Due to the tension between the profession-al and personal discourses a sense of polyphony and lack of satisfaction is marking her narratives. An attempt has been made to place Kovalevska in the trends of the Russian feminism in the second half of the 19th century.

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