Confusion and Controversy in Spain During the Paradigm Shift of the Protestant Reformation: The Relationship Between Printing, the Council of Trent, and the Inquisitorial Trial of Fray Luis de Léon (1527–1591)

This research studies the relationship between well-being and knowledge sharing. While user innovation has garnered greater attention in recent years, the market has failed to properly incentivize the diffusion of user innovations. This study proposes that this shortcoming could be resolved through a consumer-to-consumer (C-to-C) marketplace and sheds light on non-financial benefits for the contributors, specifically, how knowledge sharing impacts contributor well-being. This research consists of two online survey studies. In both studies, the level of well-being was compared between knowledge sharing contributors and a control group using a scale developed in positive psychology. This study empirically shows that participation in knowledge sharing has a significant positive impact on contributor well-being. In a C-to-C marketplace, contributors diffuse and monetize their creations themselves, resulting in increased well-being. Contributing to knowledge sharing may be a sufficient incentive for user innovators to diffuse their innovations. The findings of this study will gain significance as the utilization of personal knowledge increases due to the expansion of the C-to-C business and the paradigm shift in work style.

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The Letters of Marshall McLuhan and Pierre Elliott Trudeau: Privacy/Private Matters

Laws ◽

10.3390/laws10020042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Elaine Kahn

Keyword(s):

New Media ◽

Paradigm Shift ◽

Freedom Of Expression ◽

Personal Privacy ◽

Marshall Mcluhan ◽

Global Village ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Pierre Elliott Trudeau ◽

Global Communications ◽

The Relationship

There has been a paradigm shift in global communications since the death many years ago of prominent Canadians Marshall McLuhan and Pierre Elliott Trudeau. The correspondence between the two friends, from 1968 to 1980, presciently touched on our contemporary wired global village and the challenges it presents to personal privacy and to freedom of expression. I examine the relationship between the two men, as laid out in their letters and, to a lesser extent, in secondary sources, highlighting matters of privacy and media. Privacy hovers over the correspondence, even when it is not the stated topic. McLuhan, who is credited with the term “global village”, discussed with Trudeau the effect of new media on people’s notions of tribe and identity and privacy. Proving a direct influence from one man to the other, in either direction, is not possible, but there is much to play with. The gap is, as McLuhan often said, “where the action is”.

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Wisdom and Wisdom Literature

The Oxford Handbook of Wisdom and the Bible ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190661267.013.1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. xxii-14

Author(s):

Will Kynes

Keyword(s):

Paradigm Shift ◽

Wisdom Literature ◽

The Past ◽

The Bible ◽

The Future ◽

History Of ◽

The Relationship

This chapter introduces the volume by arguing that the study of biblical wisdom is in the midst of a potential paradigm shift, as interpreters are beginning to reconsider the relationship between the concept of wisdom in the Bible and the category Wisdom Literature. This offers an opportunity to explore how the two have been related in the past, in the history of Jewish and Christian interpretation, how they are connected in the present, as three competing primary approaches to Wisdom study have developed, and how they could be treated in the future, as new possibilities for understanding wisdom with insight from before and beyond the development of the Wisdom Literature category are emerging.

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From the Social History of the Reformation (1960-1980) to the Reformation as Communication Process (1990-2000)

HISTOREIN ◽

10.12681/historein.157 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 79

Author(s):

Costas Gaganakis

Keyword(s):

Cultural History ◽

Social History ◽

Paradigm Shift ◽

Communication Process ◽

Protestant Reformation ◽

The Social ◽

The Reformation ◽

History Of ◽

The Way

<p>This article attempts to chart the “paradigm shift” from social history, dominant until the early 1980s, to new cultural history and the various interpretive trends it engendered in the 1990s and 2000s. The privileged field of investigation is the history of the Protestant Reformation, particularly in its urban aspect. The discussion starts with the publication of Bernd Moeller’s pivotal <em>Reichsstadt und Reformation </em>in the early 1960s – which paved the way for the triumphant invasion of social history in a field previously dominated by ecclesiastical or political historians, and profoundly imbued with doctrinal prerogatives – and culminates in the critical presentation of interpretive trends that appear to dominate in the 2010s, particularly the view and investigation of the Reformation as communication process.</p>

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Hell Disarmed? The Function of Hell in Reformation Spirituality

Numen ◽

10.1163/156852709x405044 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 56 (2-3) ◽

pp. 366-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tarald Rasmussen

Keyword(s):

The Other ◽

Protestant Reformation ◽

Late Medieval ◽

Ars Moriendi ◽

Religious Importance ◽

The One ◽

The Right ◽

The Relationship ◽

Medieval Christianity

In Late Medieval Christianity, the concept of hell was closely connected to the sacrament of penance. Hell could be avoided through the right use of penance. And the cleansing sufferings in purgatory could to a certain extent replace the eternal sufferings in hell. The Protestant Reformation rejected purgatory, and returned to a traditional dualistic view of the relationship between heaven and hell. At the same time, hell seems to lose some of its religious importance in early Protestant spirituality. This change is illustrated through a comparison of two central texts belonging more or less to the same genre: on the one hand the famous Late Medieval illustrated Ars moriendi and on the other Luther's Sermon von der Bereitung zum Sterben from 1519.

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Fear, error and death: The abjection of the Middle Ages

Affective medievalism ◽

10.7228/manchester/9781526126863.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 70-94

Author(s):

Thomas A. Prendergast ◽

Stephanie Trigg

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Protestant Reformation ◽

Medieval Studies ◽

The Past ◽

Creative Play ◽

Historical Accuracy ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Middle Ages ◽

Judicial Systems

As a disciplinary formation, Medieval Studies has long been structured by authoritative hierarchies and conservative scholarly decorums; the associated fear of error in medieval studies dates back to the Renaissance and the Protestant reformation. In contrast, medievalism increasingly celebrates creative play and imaginative invention. Such invention inevitably produces anxiety about historical accuracy. Popular scholarship and journalism in turn are often attracted to the abject otherness of the Middle Ages, especially the torture practices associated with its judicial systems. Such practices are designed to solicit the truth, and so, like illness, mortality and death, they are a useful double trope through which to analyse the relationship between medieval and medievalist approaches to the past.

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G2C Marketing

Advances in Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, and E-Services - Marketing in the Cyber Era ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-4864-7.ch005 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 67-84

Author(s):

Babak Sohrabi ◽

Amir Khanlari

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

Public Administration ◽

Paradigm Shift ◽

Public Management ◽

New Public Management ◽

Customer Orientation ◽

Relationship Management ◽

The Public ◽

New Public ◽

The Relationship

Public administration has been challenged by “new public management” and “government redesign” paradigms. In addition, the relationship between government and citizen has been changed dramatically based on the mentioned paradigm shift. Customer orientation in the public sector is one of the changes originated from the private sector’s principles and paradigms. Nowadays, scholars emphasize applying concepts and techniques of customer orientation in e-government. In this text, firstly, customer orientation and its importance in government activities, especially e-government, is described. Then, principles, applications, and experiences of citizen relationship management as a technique of customer-oriented governments are described.

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7. Modern Mary—Reformation to the present

10.1093/actrade/9780198794912.003.0007 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 123-146

Author(s):

Mary Joan Winn Leith

Keyword(s):

21St Century ◽

Vatican Ii ◽

Virgin Mary ◽

16Th Century ◽

Protestant Reformation ◽

Council Of Trent ◽

The Enlightenment ◽

Immaculate Conception ◽

Religious Ideals ◽

The Church

‘Modern Mary—Reformation to the present’ looks at the Virgin Mary from the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century to the present. During this period Mary was often at the centre of conflicts over religious ideals that contributed to the Enlightenment. The Catholic Council of Trent reaffirmed Mary’s perpetual virginity, intercession, pilgrimage, and relics. Catholic Marian beliefs were shaped by some of the misgivings that Protestants had voiced about Catholic views of Mary. The rosary and apparitions of Mary illustrate Catholic views of Mary after the Council of Trent. The so-called ‘Marian Century’ began in 1854 with Pope Pius IX’s declaration of Mary’s Immaculate Conception effectively ended in 1965 with the church reforms of Vatican II. Marian spirituality in the 21st century have taken often surprising directions.

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G2C Marketing

Marketing and Consumer Behavior ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-7357-1.ch108 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 2183-2199

Author(s):

Babak Sohrabi ◽

Amir Khanlari

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

Public Administration ◽

Paradigm Shift ◽

Public Management ◽

New Public Management ◽

Customer Orientation ◽

Relationship Management ◽

The Public ◽

New Public ◽

The Relationship

Public administration has been challenged by “new public management” and “government redesign” paradigms. In addition, the relationship between government and citizen has been changed dramatically based on the mentioned paradigm shift. Customer orientation in the public sector is one of the changes originated from the private sector's principles and paradigms. Nowadays, scholars emphasize applying concepts and techniques of customer orientation in e-government. In this text, firstly, customer orientation and its importance in government activities, especially e-government, is described. Then, principles, applications, and experiences of citizen relationship management as a technique of customer-oriented governments are described.

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Clinical and Pastoral Implications of the Ministry of Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation

Open Theology ◽

10.1515/opth-2016-0027 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniel K. Judd

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Martin Luther ◽

Historical Narrative ◽

Protestant Reformation ◽

Emotional Instability ◽

Major Purpose ◽

Effective Care ◽

Theological Understanding ◽

The Relationship

AbstractWhile acknowledging that many theological beliefs and religious practices facilitate mental health and emotional stability, the major purpose of this paper is to identify and demonstrate that some of these same beliefs and practices can also contribute to mental instability if understood incorrectly and practiced unwisely. The unique content of this paper is a pastoral, clinical, and historical narrative concerning the relationships of religious belief and practice with the mental health of 16th century priest, pastor, professor, and Protestant reformer Martin Luther. Specifically, this paper discusses Luther’s personal experiences with mental and emotional instability, including depression and scrupulosity, and explores ways that discovering and embracing the principle of grace assisted him in dealing with his own mental and emotional crises. This paper also treats ways that both psychological and theological understanding of the relationship between the doctrinal principles of grace and human volition can assist both health care professionals and clergy to provide effective care to those they serve.

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