Composite Coatings of Chromium and Nanodiamond Particles on Steel

AbstractChrome plating is used to improve the properties of metal surfaces like hardness, corrosion resistance and wear resistance in machine building. To further improve these properties, an electrodeposited chromium coating on steel, modified with nanodiamond particles is proposed. The nanodiamond particles (average size 4 nm measured by TEM) are produced by detonation synthesis (NDDS). The composite coating (Cr+NDDS) has an increased thickness, about two times greater microhardness and finer micro-structure compared to that of unmodified chromium coating obtained under the same galvanization conditions. In the microstructure of specimen obtained from chrome electrolyte with concentration of NDDS 25 g/l or more, “minisections” with chromium shell were found. They were identified by metallographic microscope and X-ray analyser on etched section of chromium plated sample. The object of further research is the dependence of the presence of NDDS in the composite coating from the nanodiamond particles concentration in the chroming electrolyte.

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EFFECT OF TiO2 PARTICLES ON MICRO-HARDNESS, CORROSION, WEAR AND FRICTION OF Ni–P–TiO2 COMPOSITE COATINGS AT DIFFERENT ANNEALING TEMPERATURES

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x15500821 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (01) ◽

pp. 1550082 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

PRASANNA GADHARI ◽

PRASANTA SAHOO

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Corrosion Current ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Charge Transfer Resistance ◽

Micro Hardness ◽

Transfer Resistance ◽

X Ray ◽

Annealing Temperatures

The present study investigates the effect of titania particles on the micro-hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and friction of electroless Ni–P–TiO2 composite coatings deposited on mild steel substrates at different annealing temperatures. The experimental results confirmed that the amount of TiO2 particles incorporated in the coatings increases with increase in the concentration of particles in the electroless bath. In presence of TiO2 particles, hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating improve significantly. At higher annealing temperature, wear resistance increases due to formation of hard Ni3P phase and incorporation of titania particles in the coated layer. Charge transfer resistance and corrosion current density of the coatings reduce with an increase in TiO2 particles, whereas corrosion potential increases. Microstructure changes and composition of the composite coating due to heat treatment are studied with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis.

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Effect of Current Density on the Performance of Ni–P–ZrO2–CeO2 Composite Coatings Prepared by Jet-Electrodeposition

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings10070616 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 616

Author(s):

Zhaoyang Song ◽

Hongwen Zhang ◽

Xiuqing Fu ◽

Jinran Lin ◽

Moqi Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Current Density ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Electrochemical Corrosion ◽

Corrosion Current ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Jet Electrodeposition ◽

Electrochemical Corrosion Resistance

The objective of this study was to improve the surface properties, hardness, wear resistance and electrochemical corrosion resistance of #45 steel. To this end, Ni–P–ZrO2–CeO2 composite coatings were prepared on the surface of #45 steel using the jet-electrodeposition technique by varying the current density from 20 to 60 A/dm2. The effect of current density on the performance of the composite coatings was evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were applied to explore the surface topography, elemental composition, hardness and electrochemical corrosion resistance of the composite coatings. The results showed that with the increase in the current density, the hardness, wear resistance, and electrochemical corrosion resistance tends to increase first and then decrease. At a current density of 40 A/dm2, the hardness reached a maximum of 688.9 HV0.1, the corrosion current reached a minimum of 8.2501 × 10−5 A·cm−2, and the corrosion potential reached a maximum of −0.45957 V. At these values, the performance of the composite coatings was optimal.

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Effect of Carbon Fiber Addition on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding Composite Coatings

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings9100684 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 684 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jianfeng Li ◽

Zhencai Zhu ◽

Yuxing Peng ◽

Gang Shen

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Composite Coating ◽

Carbon Fibers ◽

Laser Cladding ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽

Alloy Coating ◽

X Ray ◽

Nano Size ◽

Original Coating

In this study, the effect of carbon fibers (CFs) on the microstructure and wear resistance of Fe-based alloy coating produced by laser cladding was investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and wear tester. The results indicated that with the addition of CFs, the microstructure of the composite coating mainly transformed from α-Fe cellular dendrites and γ-Fe/(Cr, Fe)7C3/CrB eutectics to bulk-like (Cr, Fe)7C3, nano-size B4C, and γ-(Fe, Ni)/(Cr, Fe)23C6 lamellar eutectics. Additionally, the microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coating compared with the original coating both increased by approximately two times. The original coating showed the dominant wear mechanisms of micro-cutting and serious brittle spalling, while the composite coating with CFs showed the main wear mechanism of slight scratching.

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Wear Behaviors of TiN/WS2 + hBN/NiCrBSi Self-Lubricating Composite Coatings on TC4 Alloy by Laser Cladding

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings10080747 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 747

Author(s):

Kaiwei Liu ◽

Hua Yan ◽

Peilei Zhang ◽

Jian Zhao ◽

Zhishui Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Friction Coefficient ◽

Composite Coating ◽

Laser Cladding ◽

Sliding Wear ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Wear Test ◽

Dry Sliding Wear ◽

X Ray ◽

Tc4 Alloy

TiN and WS2 + hBN reinforced Ni-based alloy self-lubricating composite coatings were fabricated on TC4 alloy by laser cladding using TiN, NiCrBSi, WS2, and hBN powder mixtures. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and optical microscopy (OM) were adopted to investigate the microstructure. The wear behaviors of the self-lubricating composite coatings were evaluated under large contact load in room temperature, dry-sliding wear-test conditions. Results indicated that the phases of the coatings mainly include γ-Ni, TiN, TiNi, TiW, WS2, and TiS mixtures. The average microhardness of the composite coating is 2.3–2.7 times that of the TC4 matrix. Laser cladding TiN/WS2 + hBN/NiCrBSi self-lubricating composite coatings revealed a higher wear resistance and lower friction coefficient than those of the TC4 alloy substrate. The friction coefficient (COF) of the coatings was oscillating around approximately 0.3458 due to the addition of self-lubricant WS2 + hBN and hard reinforcement TiN. The wear behaviors testing showed that the wear resistance of the as-received TC4 was significantly improved by a laser cladding TiN/WS2 + hBN/NiCrBSi self-lubricating composite coating.

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Effect of SiC particle size on the microstructure and properties of cold-sprayed Al/SiCp composite coating

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979217440271 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (16-19) ◽

pp. 1744027 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Min Yu ◽

Junwei Hua

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Kinetic Energy ◽

Composite Coating ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Cold Spraying ◽

Cohesion Strength ◽

The Matrix ◽

Average Size ◽

Sic Particle

The Al5056/SiC composite coatings were prepared by cold spraying. Experimental results show that the SiC content in the composite coating deposited with the SiC powder having an average size of 67 [Formula: see text]m (Al5056/SiC-67) is similar to that deposited with the SiC powder having an average size of 27 [Formula: see text]m (Al5056/SiC-27). The microhardness and cohesion strength of Al5056/SiC-67 coating are higher than those of the Al5056/SiC-27 coating. In addition, the Al5056/SiC-67 coating having a superior wear resistance because of the coarse SiC powder with a superior kinetic energy contributes to the deformation resistance of the matrix Al5056 particles.

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Parameter optimization and wear characteristics of nano CuO/Ni composite coating by brush plating technique

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part J Journal of Engineering Tribology ◽

10.1177/1350650119864466 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 234 (2) ◽

pp. 292-300

Author(s):

YP Vaishnu ◽

K Bindu Kumar ◽

S Rani

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Wear Resistance ◽

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Composite Coating ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Fine Particles ◽

Orthogonal Experiment ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Wear Loss ◽

Brush Plating

The development of deposition of different metal processes established on electrodeposition of nickel, different alloy and composite coatings on different surfaces has attested an upsurge in interest among researchers. In latter years, these coatings have exhibited promising corrosion and wear resistance properties. Also, huge number of modern developments became most critical from macro to nano level applications. It is well known that one may shape the microstructure and the phase present in the material to recover the mechanical properties of highly pure materials, specifically metals. Co-deposition of fine particles inside a metal matrix to generate composite coatings has treated as a practical strategy to acquire enhanced mechanical properties like wear resistance, corrosion resistance and lubrication. In this work, CuO/Ni composite coatings are processed on the small cylindrical pin by electro brush plating to evaluate the wear and corrosion resistance. To examine the effects about the different parameters of processes on wear loss of CuO/Ni composite coating, L16(44) orthogonal experiment is designed and conducted with four process parameters (voltage, concentration of nanoCuO particles in g/l, temperature and thickness) which are selected as factors. Design of experiment is employed to resolve the effects of process parameters on the wear loss of composite coatings. It is concluded that concentration of CuO nanoparticle and voltage are the most significant factors for the wear loss.

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A Study on Ni-Al2O3 Nanocomposite Coating Prepared by Jet Electrodeposition

Advanced Composites Letters ◽

10.1177/096369351001900504 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 096369351001900 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jinsong Chen ◽

Yinhui Huang ◽

Chanzhou Wei ◽

Bin Qiao ◽

Jianming Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Nanocomposite Coating ◽

Nanocomposite Coatings ◽

Scanning Microscope ◽

Micro Structure ◽

Electrodeposition Process ◽

Jet Electrodeposition ◽

Average Size ◽

Electrolyte Jet

Ni-Al2O3 nanocomposite coatings were fabricated by jet electrodeposition process. Effect of concentration of Al2O3 in the electrolyte, current density and electrolyte jet speed on nano-Al2O3 content were analyzed. The composite coatings’ micro structure, energy spectrum was observed under the scanning microscope(SEM). Effect of nano-Al2O3 content on the microhardness and corrosion resistance were evaluated. The results shows that the Ni deposited layers have nanocrystalline micro structure with average size of 50 nm. Al2O3 particles are well dispersed in layer and the particles content is up to 12.2 at %. Microhardness of the coating increase, bond strength and corrosion resistance of the coatings first increase then decrease with increase of Al2O3. content in coatings.

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Nickel Based Coatings Containing TiN Nanoparticles Prepared by Ultrasonic-Electrodeposition Technology

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.3703 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 543-547 ◽

pp. 3703-3706 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yong Wang ◽

Lei Zhang

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Corrosion Rate ◽

Composite Coating ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Xrd Study ◽

Tin Nanoparticles ◽

Metallurgical Structure ◽

Steel Substrates

In order to enhance the surface properties of steel substrates, nanoNi-TiN composite coatings were prepared using ultrasonic-electrodeposition technology in this paper. The effects of ultrasonic on composite coatings were studied. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) study had been utilized to detect the crystalline and amorphous characteristics of Ni-TiN composite coatings. The surface morphology and metallurgical structure of composite coatings were observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). Finally the corrosion resistance was tested. The results show that the ultrasonic has greatly effects on TiN nanoparticles in composite coatings. And the introduction of ultrasonic and TiN particles cause the nickel grains to become fine. The average grain diameter of TiN particles is 30 nm. The Ni grain is measured approximately 60 nm. The test of corrosion resistance shows the nanoNi-TiN composite coating is proved with good corrosion resistance. The corrosion rate of 45 steel is about 5 times than that of Ni-TiN composite coating, and the corrosion rate of Ni coating is above thrice than that of Ni-TiN composite coating.

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Comparison of the Microstructure Evolution and Wear Resistance of Ti6Al4V Composite Coatings Reinforced by Hard Pure or Ni-plated Cubic Boron Nitride Particles Prepared with Laser Cladding on a Ti6Al4V Substrate

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings10070702 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 702 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shuren Fu ◽

Lijing Yang ◽

Pei Wang ◽

Shaopeng Wang ◽

Zhengxian Li

Keyword(s):

Wear Resistance ◽

Boron Nitride ◽

Composite Coating ◽

Laser Cladding ◽

Reaction Layer ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Cubic Boron Nitride ◽

Wear Test ◽

X Ray

Titanium alloy is a major structural material with excellent high specific strength in aerospace applications. Cubic boron nitride (cBN) is a synthetic wear-resistant material with high hardness, similar to that of diamond, that is used in mechanical cutting and grinding. In addition, the thermal stability of cubic boron nitride particles is much better than that of diamond. In order to further enhance the wear resistance of the Ti6Al4V alloy, the laser cladding (LC) technology characteristics of metallurgical bonding were used to prepare cubic boron nitride/Ti6Al4V and Ni-plated cubic boron nitride/Ti6Al4V composite coatings on Ti6Al4V substrates in this paper. However, in the laser molten pool, it is difficult to retain the raw properties of cubic boron nitride particles under laser radiation. Both composite coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The microstructures and interface bonding between cubic boron nitride particles and the Ti6Al4V matrix were examined using SEM, and the wear resistance and the worn track morphology of the composite coatings were evaluated using the ball-on-disc wear test and step profiler (WTM-2E). The results indicated that the Ni-plated cubic boron nitride/Ti6Al4V composite coating showed fewer thermal defects in comparison with the cubic boron nitride/Ti6Al4V coating. The Ni plating on the surface of cubic boron nitride particles was able to avoid the generation of thermal cracking of the cubic boron nitride particles in the composite coating. The TiN reaction layer was formed between the cubic boron nitride particles and Ti6Al4V matrix, which effectively prevented the further decomposition of the cubic boron nitride particles. The XRD and XPS results confirmed that the TiN reaction layer formed between the cubic boron nitride particles and Ti6Al4V. The Ni plating on the surface of the cubic boron nitride particles was also beneficial for increasing the wear resistance of the composite coating.

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Fabrication and Performance of ZnO Doped Tantalum Oxide Multilayer Composite Coatings on Ti6Al4V for Orthopedic Application

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9050685 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 685 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ziyu Ding ◽

Quanguo He ◽

Zeliang Ding ◽

Cuijiao Liao ◽

Dongchu Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corrosion Resistance ◽

Titanium Alloy ◽

Composite Coating ◽

Adhesion Strength ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Tantalum Oxide ◽

Multilayer Composite ◽

X Ray ◽

Ti6al4v Titanium Alloy ◽

Antibacterial Performance

Ti6Al4V titanium alloy has been widely used as medical implant material in orthopedic surgery, and one of the obstacles preventing it from wide use is toxic metal ions release and bacterial implant infection. In this paper, in order to improve corrosion resistance and antibacterial performance of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy, ZnO doped tantalum oxide (TaxOy) multilayer composite coating ZnO-TaxOy/TaxOy/TaxOy-TiO2/TiO2/Ti (ZnO-TaxOy) was deposited by magnetron sputtering at room temperature. As a comparison, monolayer TaxOy coating was prepared on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy. The morphology and phase composition of the coatings were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the elemental chemical states of coating surfaces were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS). The adhesion strength and corrosion resistance of the coatings were examined by micro-scratch tester and electrochemical workstations, respectively. The results show that the adhesion strength of multilayer ZnO-TaxOy coating is 16.37 times higher than that of single-layer TaxOy coating. The ZnO-TaxOy composite coating has higher corrosion potential and lower corrosion current density than that of TaxOy coating, showing better corrosion inhibition. Furthermore, antibacterial test revealed that multilayer ZnO-TaxOy coating has a much better antibacterial performance by contrast.

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