Diagnosis and therapy of Capillaria plica infection: report and literature review

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria B. Studzińska ◽  
Justyna Obara-Gałek ◽  
Marta Demkowska-Kutrzepa ◽  
Krzysztof Tomczuk
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Oral Dose ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Daily Oral Dose ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Domestic Carnivores

AbstractWorldwide, data on Capillaria (Pearsonema) plica infections of the urinary tract in domestic carnivores are limited. Nevertheless, cystitis with hematuria, dysuria or pollakiuria may suggest a C. plica infection. A three-year old dog from Poland showing pollakiuria and hematuria was presented. At urine analysis, C. plica eggs were found in the urine sediment. The dog was unsuccessfully treated with a daily oral dose of fenbendazole 50 mg/kg BW for 5 days, while a single subcutaneous administration of ivermectin 0.2 mg/kg BW once effectively eliminated C. plica infection.

scholarly journals Exploring the possibilities of infrared spectroscopy for urine sediment examination and detection of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1759-1767
Author(s):  
Mieke Steenbeke ◽  
Sander De Bruyne ◽  
Jerina Boelens ◽  
Matthijs Oyaert ◽  
Griet Glorieux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Blood Agar Plate ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, the possibilities of Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for analysis of urine sediments and for detection of bacteria causing urinary tract infections (UTIs) were investigated.MethodsDried urine specimens of control subjects and patients presenting with various nephrological and urological conditions were analysed using mid-infrared spectroscopy (4,000–400 cm−1). Urine samples from patients with a UTI were inoculated on a blood agar plate. After drying of the pure bacterial colonies, FTIR was applied and compared with the results obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Chemometric data analysis was used to classify the different species.ResultsDue to the typical molecular assignments of lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and carbohydrates, FTIR was able to identify bacteria and showed promising results in the detection of proteins, lipids, white and red blood cells, as well as in the identification of crystals. Principal component analysis (PCA) allowed to differentiate between Gram-negative and Gram-positive species and soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) revealed promising classification ratios between the different pathogens.ConclusionsFTIR can be considered as a supplementary method for urine sediment examination and for detection of pathogenic bacteria in UTI.

scholarly journals Male urethral sarcoma: a case report and literature review

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-66
Author(s):  
Magno Almeida Nogueira ◽  
Guilherme Campelo Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Roberto Iglesias Lopes ◽  
Octavio Henrique Arcos Campos ◽  
Marcos Francisco Dall'Oglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Heterogeneous Group ◽  
Men 2

Urethral tumors are rare and aggressive. They usually affect men (2:1) and occur more commonly in white (85% of cases). Soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors that arise from embryonic mesoderm. It represents 1% of all cases of urinary tract malignancies and rarely primary affect the ureter. We report a case of male urethral sarcoma. To date, only two similar cases have been published in literature.

scholarly journals Comparing the Performance of the New Fully Automated Urine Particle Analyzer UF-5000 with UF-1000i and Gram Stain in Predicting Bacteria Growth Patterns in Women with Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Shei-Dei Yang ◽  
Chun-Chun yang ◽  
Yi-Shen Chen ◽  
Shangjen chang
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Bacterial Patterns ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Abstract BackgroudTo compare the performance of the new flow cytometer UF-5000 with UF-1000i (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan) and Gram stain in predicting the bacterial patterns in urine samples MethodsWomen with symptoms suggestive of urinary tract infection were enrolled. Mid-stream urine sample was collected for gram staining, urine analysis and urine culture. Bacterial patterns were classified though UF1000i (none, cocci bacteria or rods/mixed growth), UF-5000 (none, cocci, rods or mixed growth) and Gram stain. Results Among the 102 samples, there were 10 gram-positive cocci, 2 gram-positive bacilli, 66 gram-negative rods, and 24 mixed growth. The sensitivity/specificity of the UF-1000i was 81.8/91.1% for gram-negative rods and 23.5/96.9% for cocci/mixed. The sensitivity/specificity of the UF-5000 was 80.0/88.2% for gram negative rods and 70.0/86.5% for gram-positive cocci.ConclusionsThe UF-5000 demonstrated the good sensitivity and specificity for Gram-negative bacilli bacteria and demonstrated an improved sensitivity for detecting Gram-positive cocci.

scholarly journals Bacterial-viral Urine Microbiota in Uncomplicated Recurrent Infection of the Lower Urinary Tract: Results of Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Ju. L. Naboka ◽  
M. I. Kogan ◽  
S. V. Mordanov ◽  
Kh. S. Ibishev ◽  
A. V. Ilyash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Recurrent Infections ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Spp ◽  
Lower Urinary

Introduction. Difficulties in the management and treatment of patients with uncomplicated recurrent lower urinary tract infection (LUTI) are largely because bacterial, viral and other components remain unexplored in the etiological structure of the disease.Purpose of the study. To study the urine bacterial-viral associations in uncomplicated recurrent infections of the lower urinary tract (LUT).Materials and methods. The study included 14 patients with uncomplicated recurrent infections of the LUT, the average age was 33.0 ± 4.7 years. The object of the study was the average portion of morning urine collected prior to the appointment of empirical antibiotic therapy. Urine was divided into 3 aliquots: 1 for general urine analysis, 2 for bacteriological examination, 3 for polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results. Aerobic-anaerobic associations were found in urine in all cases. Enterobacteriaceae family representatives were discovered in 92.8% of cases; they were represented by E. coli (78.6%), Klebsiella spp. (14.2%), Proteus spp. (7.1%). Moreover, in one patient at the same time (7.1%) E. coli + Klebsiella spp was isolated from urine.The gram-positive microflora pattern consisted of 7 genera and / or species and in various combinations was found in all patients. The taxonomic structure of the gram-positive flora was represented by E. faecalis (64.3%), S. lentus (21.4%), Corynebacterium spp., S. warneri, E. faecium (14.3% each), S. epidermidis + E. coli was recorded in 4 (28.6%) women, E. faecalis + E. faecium + E. coli + Klebsiella spp. - in 1 (7.1%), E. faecalis + E. faecium + E. coli also in 1 (7.1%) patients.Non-clostridial anaerobic bacteria (NAB) were isolated from urine in all cases with Eubacterium spp dominating. (57.1%). The taxonomic structure of NAB was represented by 5 genera: Eubacterium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Peptococcus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Propionibacterium spp.Viruses were detected in urine in 6 (42.9%) patients. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was detected in 4 (28.6%) of them, moreover, in 1 case, in association with human papillomavirus (HPV53), in two other cases (7.1% each), cytomegalovirus (CMV) was verified and human herpes simplex virus type 6 (HHV6), respectively.Conclusions. In patients with uncomplicated recurrent LUTI, viruses with a prevalence of EBV were verified in urine in 42.9% of cases (28.6%). Apparently, the treatment of this patients` cohort should be directed not only to the bacterial, but also the viral components of the urinary microbiota.

scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory differences between extended-spectrum β-lactamase-positive and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-negative bacteria in febrile urinary tract infection in pediatrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e2-e2
Author(s):  
Manijeh Kahbazi ◽  
Parsa Yousefichaijan ◽  
Danial Habibi ◽  
Somaie Nejabat ◽  
Amirreza Najmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Febrile Uti ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

Introduction: The prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria is rising, which needs more potent antibiotics, such as carbapenems. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and laboratory differences between ESBL-positive and ESBL-negative bacteria in febrile UTI in children between one month to seven years to indicate prognostic parameters for ESBL+ UTI and to suggest appropriate antibiotic treatment. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated 282 patients diagnosed with the first febrile UTI. The participants were assigned to ESBL-positive and ESBL-negative UTI groups. The groups were compared based on their clinical and laboratory characteristics and outcomes; the infant group was assessed separately (with the onset age of <3 months). Results: The ESBL UTI was detected in 10.2% of the cases with a history of more frequent hospitalization (P=0.002), longer hospitalization (P=0.04), higher recurrence rate (P=0.003), and more red blood cell count in urine analysis findings (P=0.02). In the antimicrobial susceptibility assay, the ESBL-positive UTI group indicated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins; nevertheless, 93.1% of the cases responded clinically. The infant group showed 13% of the patients with ESBL-positive UTI that was correlated with a history of longer preonset hospital stay (P=0.001), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration (P=0.002), and elevated recurrence rate (P=0.03), compared to the older group. Conclusion: The ESBL UTI should be further considered due to the resulted recurrence rate. The antimicrobial sensitivity assay indicated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins; however, these drugs are applied as the first choice due to the high response rate. Aminoglycosides are applicable as second choice drugs prior to initiating the use of carbapenems, if third-generation cephalosporins did not indicate bactericidal impacts on ESBL UTI.

scholarly journals Urodynamic studies and features of anaesthesia during intradetrusor botulinum therapy in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-491
Author(s):  
Dmitriy A. Lysachev ◽  
Lyubov A. Khodyreva ◽  
Roman V. Stroganov ◽  
Yuri A. Kupriyanov
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction ◽  
Urodynamic Studies

The coronavirus pandemic has had a severe impact on the health care system. It is also changing the appointment and conduct of diagnostic procedures, emergency and routine medical care. According to the medical guidelines of the European Society of Urology (EAU) for the provision of urological care during the current epidemic situation, various levels of urgency have been proposed for diagnostic and therapeutic measures depending on the type of disease. Urodynamic studies refer to studies with a priority level from P2 (for neurogenic dysfunction of the urinary tract) to P4 (for lower urinary tract dysfunction without the risk of damage to the upper urinary tract). The question arises regarding the safety of these studies, both for patients and medical staff, and possible measures to reduce the risk of infection in a viral pandemic. Because of the increased workload of hospitals that have not been redesigned for the fight against coronavirus infection and provide routine and emergency urological care, an even greater need has arisen to find effective and safe methods of local anaesthesia for performing urodynamic studies and intradetrusive injections of botulinum toxin type A under local anesthesia in outpatient and outpatient settings (for example, in a short-term hospital). This article presents a literature review on the principles and features of performing urodynamic studies in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic and the effectiveness and safety of using various methods of local anaesthesia when performing intradetrusor injections of botulinum toxin with detrusor hyperactivity of a neurogenic and non-neurogenic nature. There were evaluated forms of local anaesthesia such as intradetrusor instillation of lidocaine, electrophoresis, and the use of alternative solutions for urinary bladder irrigation (for example, Ringer’s solution).

Hyperammonemia in a patient with obstructive urinary tract infection due to Corynebacterium urealyticum

Open Medicine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuneaki Kenzaka ◽  
Ayako Kumabe ◽  
Yuka Urushibara ◽  
Kensuke Minami ◽  
Takeshi Ishida
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Impaired Consciousness ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Corynebacterium Urealyticum

AbstractA 93-year-old woman with neurogenic bladder was admitted to our hospital because of impaired consciousness. Her urine culture revealed urease-test-positive Corynebacterium urealyticum. She was diagnosed with hyperammonemia due to an obstructive urinary tract infection that was caused by urease-producing bacteria. The patient showed rapid improvement of impaired consciousness and hyperammonemia after urine analysis. It is necessary to consider obstructive urinary tract infection as a differential diagnosis of hyperammonemia, which commonly occurs in urinary tract infections owing to the presence of urease-producing bacteria. Relief from obstruction is the most important treatment for hyperammonemia caused by this mechanism.

MO1033URINE EXAMINATION - A CHALLENGE FOR NEPHROLOGISTS FROM ANCIENT TIMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danijela Tasic ◽  
Zorica Dimitrijevic ◽  
Stevan Glogovac ◽  
Andriana Jovanovic ◽  
Tamara Vrecic
Keyword(s):  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Medieval Medicine ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times

Abstract Background and Aims Extensive archaeological material indicates that records of the treatment of kidney disease without examining the cause and solely by examining the appearance of urine date back to ancient times. To this day, the basic clinical approach to nephrology patient included an overview of freshly sampled urine from the uncatheterized bladder and monitoring of urine output.The aim of the paper is to analyze the history of the urine analysis. Method Data were collected from books, magazines, encyclopedias and databases. Results The first nephrological experiences and doctrines that connected the clinical picture with diseases of the urinary bladder, kidneys or liver were written down in the opus Corpus Hippocraticium, which contains a total of 53 works. Opus Hippocraticium contains in its work Aphorisms a total of 22 aphorisms dedicated to uroscopy. Such examinations revealed specific changes in urine that were considered important for the onset and maintenance of the disease (Predictions II paragraphs 567,569,571). Galen (Claudios Galenos) is the most famous representative of Roman medicine and a follower of the teachings of Hippocrates. In his work De crisibus (K IX, 550-668) he described in detail the changes in urine.The physicians who marked the first and second centuries with their work on urine specificities were Selius Aurelianus (Tarde Passiones V, 3) and Cornelia Celsus (De Medicina 4:17). The apostate Oribazi (Oribasius of Pergamum; 325-403) wrote a "Medical Collection" which consists of 70 books. The importance of uroscopy for the prognosis of diseases is also described in the texts on secretions in this collection.Etius of Amida wrote (Aetius 502-575) a very semi-paired collection of "Sixteen Books of Medicine". In Book V of his work he wrote 15 chapters on the characteristics of urine. He incorporated the described changes in urine into the theory of four types of body fluids. Due to the advanced approach, this collection became the basis of all subsequent works on uroscopy.Pavle Eginski (625-690) is an Alexandrian student who practiced uroscopy and is the author of seven books entitled "Excerpts from Medicine" in which he introduces new concepts and describes in detail how to collect and examine urine. At that time, the greatest contribution to uroscopy was considered to have been made by Magnus Emesianus with his classification of urine characteristics.The most famous representative of medicine from the Byzantine era is Theophilus Protospatorius (VII century) a physician, monk, and philosopher of the Byzantine period wrote (De Urinis 68-70), a treatise on urine which was translated into Arabic and Hebrew and highly esteemed among the urologists of the time. Serbian medieval medicine was a synthesis of Western European and Byzantine science.Scientific access to treatment and permanent medical education was provided in the monastery hospitals (typical of the Hilandar / Studenica monastery), but very few manuscripts from that period have been preserved. The most extensive and significant medieval medical manuscript in the Serbian language is the "Hilandar Medical Codex".In the "Journal of Uroscopy", 62 paragraphs are dedicated to Byzantine uroscopy-macroscopic examination of changes in urine. Uroscopy has been developed until the introduction of the forerunner microscope for examining urine at the end of the 16th century. The application of microscopy in the examination of urine is constantly being improved, and the first automatic analysis of urinary sediment was done in 1985. Conclusion Although urine analysis has been used since ancient times, today the diagnosis depends a lot on the quality of interpretation of the findings. Despite attempts to standardize urine sediment analysis using various methods as a cheap and non-invasive method, it is still not sufficiently used in differentiating different kidney diseases.

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