scholarly journals Local Tourism Initiative in an Eastern Himalayan Village: Sustainable Ecotourism or Small-scale Nature Exploitation?

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debajit Datta ◽  
Suranjana Banerji
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Scenic Beauty ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Physical Infrastructure ◽  
Local Residents

Abstract Many famous tourism destinations of the eastern Himalayas have become severely polluted and environmentally vulnerable due to decades of unsustainable mass tourism practices. The recent popularization of the so called 'ecotourism destinations' as alternatives to these degraded sites have raised considerable debate among academia, planners and decision makers regarding community based development and environmental conservation. In this study, the newly initiated tourism ventures of a mountainous village named Silerigaon located in this region were evaluated as a case study through participatory appraisals among tourists and local residents to comprehend whether these ventures could truly be termed as ecotourism initiatives. Results derived from the analyses of the primary data collected through these appraisals showed that although the area possessed pristine natural environment and excellent scenic beauty, lack of proper civic amenities and physical infrastructure was hindering the development of sustainable tourism. Here, tourism activities had notably contributed to the increase in annual savings of community members but these financial gains had not equally transcended to all spheres of sustainable community based development. Till now, the activities have lacked the systematic long-term planning required for sustainable ecotourism and nature conservation. Accordingly, these could not be designated as ecotourism activities in their present orientation and capacity. In this regard, several necessary corrective measures to transform these activities into proper ecotourism ones have been suggested.

scholarly journals What small NGOs can deliver: A case study of a Canadian community-based project making fabric scrub caps for healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-856
Author(s):  
Qiuyu Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Crisis Response ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Local Healthcare

This essay examines how a small-scale non-governmental organization mobilizes community members in Montreal, Canada, to respond to the city’s shortage of personal protective equipment during COVID-19 by making more than 1600 scrub caps for local healthcare workers. As the CAP-MTL project has progressed, organizers have constantly adjusted how they run the project in order to meet evolving needs through three major phases: (1) centralizing resource allocation, (2) building a self-sufficient production team and (3) pairing volunteers with healthcare workers. This case study highlights how in crisis response projects, organizers must be flexible and adapt to fluid and dynamic situations.

Adult Weight and Height of Native Populations

2015 ◽  
pp. 191-209
Author(s):  
Asher Rosinger ◽  
Ricardo Godoy
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secular Trends ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Adult Weight ◽  
Native Populations ◽  
Short And Long Term

Weight and height are critical indicators of short- and long-term human nutrition and health. This chapter reviews secular trends of weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) from studies that relied on primary data of living adults in small-scale, native populations in rural areas of developing nations. Most studies reviewed found trends of increases in weight and BMI over an average study period of 20 years. Women gained an average of 8.8 kg and 3.1 kg/m2, and men gained an average of 5.1 kg and 2.1 kg/m2 over this time span. Additionally, 10 of 13 native populations reviewed had a recent overweight and obesity prevalence of at least 10 percentage points lower than the national averages for men and women combined. In contrast to weight, 12 out of 21 studies found no change (n = 8) or a decline (n = 4) in secular trends of height.

scholarly journals Sustaining community-based interventions for people affected by dementia long term: the SCI-Dem realist review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e047789
Author(s):  
Thomas Morton ◽  
Geoff Wong ◽  
Teresa Atkinson ◽  
Dawn Brooker
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Based Interventions ◽  
Community Based

ObjectivesCommunity-based support for people with earlier-stage dementia and their care partners, such as regularly meeting groups and activities, can play an important part in postdiagnostic care. Typically delivered piecemeal in the UK, by a variety of agencies with inconsistent funding, provision is fragmented and many such interventions struggle to continue after only a short start-up period. This realist review investigates what can promote or hinder such interventions in being able to sustain long term.MethodsKey sources of evidence were gathered using formal searches of electronic databases and grey literature, together with informal search methods such as citation tracking. No restrictions were made on article type or study design; only data pertaining to regularly meeting, ongoing, community-based interventions were included. Data were extracted, assessed, organised and synthesised and a realist logic of analysis applied to trace context–mechanism–outcome configurations as part an overall programme theory. Consultation with stakeholders, involved with a variety of such interventions, informed this process throughout.ResultsAbility to continually get and keep members; staff and volunteers; the support of other services and organisations; and funding/income were found to be critical, with multiple mechanisms feeding into these suboutcomes, sensitive to context. These included an emphasis on socialising and person-centredness; lowering stigma and logistical barriers; providing support and recognition for personnel; networking, raising awareness and sharing with other organisations, while avoiding conflict; and skilled financial planning and management.ConclusionsThis review presents a theoretical model of what is involved in the long-term sustainability of community-based interventions. Alongside the need for longer-term funding and skilled financial management, key factors include the need for stigma-free, person-centred provision, sensitive to members’ diversity and social needs, as well as the need for a robust support network including the local community, health and care services. Challenges were especially acute for small scale and rural groups.

scholarly journals Collaboration for Community-Based Cultural Sustainability in Island Tourism Development: A Case in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7306
Author(s):  
Xiubai Li ◽  
Jinok Susanna Kim ◽  
Timothy J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cultural Sustainability ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
The Face ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Cultural Components

Constructive collaboration with host communities while maintaining their traditional culture is crucial when planning tourism ventures, particularly if ensuring sustainability is considered important. This paper investigates the cultural sustainability of Jeju Island in South Korea and whether collaboration with community-based tourism ensures this sustainability through in-depth interviews with local residents. The first part of the interview focuses on cultural components to assess the current situation of cultural sustainability on the island, and the second part is related to that collaboration. The findings of the interviews indicate that: (i) there are certain negative indications of cultural sustainability in that Jeju people holding informal power became vulnerable in the face of tourism demand; (ii) several barriers exist in the facilitation of community-based tourism collaboration notwithstanding the beneficial trends, and (iii) there is a strong relationship between collaboration and cultural sustainability. It is also noted that the collaboration itself does not coincide with the actualization of cultural sustainability so long as current power disparities exist. The study delivers significant implications to the tourism policymakers and practitioners on how sustainable tourism development should be planned and operated to secure a long-term benefit especially focused on how the local community should be involved in the overall development process.

scholarly journals Perceptions of, and Motivations for, Land Trust Conservation in Northern Michigan: An Analysis of Key Informant Interviews

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1609
Author(s):  
Kathryn N. Braddock ◽  
Joel T. Heinen
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Land Trusts ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
Scenic Beauty ◽  
Land Trust ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Northern Michigan

Land trusts are common and expanding mechanisms for conservation, although their impacts have been little-studied. The objective of this paper is to understand the perceptions and motivations of stakeholders of small-scale land trust conservation. We used 33 key informant interviews to learn the motivations and opinions of stakeholders regarding the Little Traverse Conservancy (LTC) of northern Michigan, USA. The interviews were coded for relevant themes and interpreted alongside a literature review. The highest reported motivation for stakeholder involvement with LTC was the protection of nature and scenic beauty. Economic and social factors were also considered motivators; however, were not the key facilitators for conservation action for LTC stakeholders. Interviews emphasized that relationship and partnership formations are critical for facilitating successful land conservation. We conclude that land trust organizations can captivate the long-term support and participation of stakeholders through the consideration of local dynamics and building upon existing community relationships.

scholarly journals Creating the Conditions for Climate Resilience: A Community-Based Approach in Canumay East, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corrine Cash
Keyword(s):  
Private Sector ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
The People ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Climate Action

People who reside in informal settlements in the Global South are most vulnerable to extreme weather events and their consequences, such as flooding, landslides, and fires. Those located in coastal areas face severe challenges from seasonal and typhoon-induced flooding. Research shows that uncertain land rights exacerbate community vulnerability because residents are under constant threat of eviction by private sector actors or the state. Individual and community upgrading is rarely possible in such a situation. This article focuses on the efforts to secure tenure and upgrade their community by the residents of Sitio Libis, located in Canumay East, City of Valenzuela, Philippines. The study demonstrates that while community-based approaches require skills and capacities of community members, enabling conditions created by government and/or NGOs are required for transformational outcomes. While the people of Sitio Libis did not conceptualize their efforts in terms of climate change adaptation, their success suggests the possibility for smart partnerships among state-civil society/private sector actors to emerge in support of small-scale climate action.

scholarly journals The Performance Improvement Model of Group and Partnership based Coffee Processing Enterprises in the Jember Regency

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Isti Fadah
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Secondary Material ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Research Type

The coffee commodity is one of the highly developing world commodities. The increase in demand, production, and consumption shows that this commodity is no longer as a secondary material, but it also has become a compulsory requirement for most societies. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze alternative marketing strategies for small-scale processed coffee enterprises in Jember regency based on the SWOT analysis. Moroever it was also to determine appropriate strategies in improving the performance of large-scale processed coffee enterprises in Jember regency based on the SWOT analysis and to design marketing strategies for group and partnership based processed coffee enterprises in Jember regency. The research type is a descriptive study. Primary data was collected by indepth interviews. The research results showed cooperation in the form of a co-branding would indirectly introduce community-based coffee from Sidomulyo village to a wider consumer range. Thus, people will recognize that there is a coffee with a distinctive flavor from the Sidomulyo village in Jember regency. The group-based model is by forming a cooperative and the partnership-based model is by forming simultaneous and integrated partnership with the Koka Research Center, PTPN XII, BI, and exporters have both proven to improve the performance of community-based coffee business in Sidomulyo village.

E-Community-Based Tourism for Asia's Indigenous People

2007 ◽  
pp. 245-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Harris ◽  
Doug Vogel ◽  
Lars H. Bestle
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Mass Tourism ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Good For ◽  
International Conventions

Indigenous peoples are good for national tourism development in Asia because they present an exotic image that helps to differentiate countries from each other. However, tourism is far from being good for indigenous peoples, as they are often excluded from the revenues that tourism generates and are subjected to the environmental degradation and cultural pollution that mass tourism inflicts upon them. information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the hands of such people can help alleviate some of this imbalance. By catering to the rising demand for authentic travel experiences that do not damage the environment, and in a manner that is under the control of the indigenous peoples themselves, ICTs empower local communities to operate small-scale tourism on their own terms. Once familiar with the ICTs, such people can go on to apply them to their special needs, in accordance with international conventions concerning the well-being of indigenous peoples.

scholarly journals AWRAMBA COMMUNITY-BASED CARE FOR ELDERS LACKING FAMILY SUPPORT IN ETHIOPIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S159-S159
Author(s):  
Margaret E Adamek ◽  
Setegn Ali
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Residential Home ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Rural Ethiopia

Abstract In rural Ethiopia, land fragmentation, poverty, rural-urban migration, and the expansion of market forces are negatively impacting family support for older persons. This study explored an innovative community-based support system that uses its own wealth redistribution mechanism to support congregate residential care for older persons. The Awramba Community in northwest Ethiopia has different social norms and values that make it unique from surrounding communities. To explore this new approach to meeting the needs of rural elders, primary data were obtained from in-depth interviews with 8 elders who reside in the older adult center, 3 focus group discussions, and personal observations. In addition, key informant interviews were conducted with a full-time caregiver, two community leaders, and members of the Older Persons’ Support Committee. Interviews explored the types of services provided to older persons, the interactions of older residents within the community, and the benefits of congregate living. Community members (N=403) must agree to 4 guiding principles relating to gender equality, respecting the rights of children, discouraging dishonesty, lying and stealing, and helping the less fortunate, ill and older persons. The Older Person’s Support Committee is responsible for coordinating the provision of care for the older persons who live in the congregate center. Residing in a common residential home benefited the elders in multiple ways, including opportunities for socialization with peers and access to a full-time caregiver. As traditional family support wanes and the population of elders increases in developing nations, such alternative support strategies are critically needed.

Becoming an Insider and an Outsider in Post-Disaster Fukushima

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAORU MIYAZAWA
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Dialogic Relationships ◽  
Post Disaster

In this essay, Karou Miyazawa reflects on how she was both insider and outsider during her fieldwork in Fukushima, Japan, between 2013 and 2016, after the 2011 earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear power plant explosion devastated the region. During her time in Fukushima, Miyazawa experienced the emotions of community members as well as her own, which were rooted in specific individual and collective memories. While her nostalgic memories of home pulled her inside the community, community members' anger and skepticism toward researchers, which stemmed from memories of the wartime atomic bombings, pushed her outside the community. Based on this experience, Miyazawa has reconceptualized agency as one's ability to be susceptible to various emotions that circulate in the community and to move toward and/or away from insider and outsider positions. This new approach allows researchers to recognize the agency of their participants, form dialogic relationships with them, and collaboratively give testimonies over the long term. Miyazawa contends that such relationships will contribute to the decolonization of research.

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