Morphometric variation and taxonomic identification of thirteen wild rose populations from Tunisia

AbstractThirteen populations of wild roses (Rosa L.) growing in northern and central Tunisia have been used for studies on the discrimination between accessions and populations. Thirty-eight morphological characters related to the branches, prickles, leaves and corymbs were measured on the collected accessions to study the phenotypic diversity among and within species. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses (PCA and HCA) separated rose accessions into two distinctive groups and eight subgroups. A taxonomic interpretation of the morphological variability has shown that Tunisian rose populations belong to two sections (Synstylae and Caninae) of the genus Rosa. Moreover, they have been identified as seven separated taxa: R. sempervirens L., R. sempervirens var. submoshata Rouy., R. sempervirens var. prostrata Lindl. belonging to Synstylae section and R. canina L., R. agrestis Savi., R. micrantha Smith. and R. dumetorum Thuill. belonging to Caninae section. PCA and HCA proved that morphological characters used in taxonomic identification such as styles form, leaf and leaflets length, number of flowers by corymb, leaflet serration, presence of glands in leaflet, peduncle, receptacle and sepal have a high value of discrimination, and have been very successful in morphological identification.

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Phenotypic Diversity of Doum Palm (Hyphaene compressa), a Semi‐Domesticated Palm in the Arid and Semi‐Arid Regions of Kenya

Scientifica ◽

10.1155/2020/4920830 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Agnes Omire ◽

Nancy L. M. Budambula ◽

Johnstone Neondo ◽

Robert Gituru ◽

Cecilia Mweu

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Morphological Traits ◽

Phenotypic Diversity ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Coastal Region ◽

Principal Component ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Fruit Traits ◽

Coastal Regions ◽

Linear Discriminant

Hyphaene compressa is an economically important palm in Africa. Despite its significant role in the livelihoods of rural communities, the diversity of doum palm is poorly documented and studied. In addition, it has no model descriptor that can aid such studies. Ninety H. compressa accessions collected from Northern, Eastern, and Coastal regions of Kenya were examined to determine the morphological variability of the vegetative and fruit traits of H. compressa and to identify its morphotypes for improvement. A total of 19 morphological characters including seven quantitative and 12 qualitative traits of fruit and vegetative traits were selected. Linear mixed-effects models, principal component analysis, and linear discriminant analyses were used to assess the variation in the morphological traits of doum palm based on the regions. Hierarchical clustering was performed to identify the morphotypes of H. compressa. There was variability in H. compressa morphological traits, particularly at the Kenyan Coast. All seven quantitative traits were able to effectively discriminate doum palm phenotypically p ≤ 0.001 . The 90 accessions clustered into five morphotypes designated as 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Morphotype 4 was specific only to the Coastal region. Morphotype 5 had the tallest trees with the biggest fruits and included palms from Eastern and Coastal regions making it the best morphotype for fruit traits. This study will inform the domestication, improvement, and conservation of H. compressa by selecting elite accessions.

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Assessment of phenotypic variability among EEA INTA Pergamino sunflower lines: Its relationship with the grain yield and oil content

OCL ◽

10.1051/ocl/2021021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Matías Domínguez ◽

Stefanía Herrera ◽

Julio Horacio González

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Oil Content ◽

Phenotypic Diversity ◽

Phenotypic Variability ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Principal Component ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Depth Study ◽

Selective Forces

The aims of the present study were to assess the phenotypic diversity among 221 sunflower accessions of INTA Pergamino Sunflower Breeding Program, to obtain discriminant functions that allow the classification of new accessions in similar groups and to evaluate the relationship between genetic distance pairwise accessions and hybrid performance for grain yield and oil content. We used 19 quantitative descriptors to evaluate phenotypic and morphological variability. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were used to evaluate simultaneously all the variables and to describe phenotypic variation patterns of the germplasm. The distribution of germplasm in the dendrogram did not follow a clear pattern with regard to the predefined groups. This study revealed the variability observed among the lines that form the INTA Pergamino breeding program despite the highly selective forces applied to obtain inbred lines that produce superior hybrids for the Argentinean sunflower area. This work demonstrates the need for more in-depth study of genetic variability to be used as a predictor of heterosis in sunflower.

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Variations in genetic structure and male genitalia suggest recent lineage diversification in the Neotropical dung beetle complex Canthon cyanellus (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society ◽

10.1093/biolinnean/blaa131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 131 (3) ◽

pp. 505-520

Author(s):

Janet Nolasco-Soto ◽

Mario E Favila ◽

Alejandro Espinosa De Los Monteros ◽

Jorge González-Astorga ◽

Gonzalo Halffter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Structure ◽

Morphological Variation ◽

Male Genitalia ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Dung Beetle ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Taxonomic Assignment ◽

Morphometric Variation ◽

Evolutionary Forces ◽

Significant Genetic Structure

Abstract We analysed the genetic divergence and morphology of the aedeagus (i.e. phallobase and parameres) in Canthon cyanellus at different geographical levels. The results from both approaches were compared with the current taxonomic assignment of the C. cyanellus complex, which includes three subspecies. We found a high variation in all the morphological characters of the aedeagus in the populations analysed; the morphometric variation was not geographically structured, either by population or by region. The genealogical analysis indicates a significant genetic structure that does not match either the morphological variation in the male genitalia or the previous subspecific taxonomic classification. Our results suggest that the morphological variation of the aedeagus is seemingly not an isolating reproductive barrier and that the intra- and interpopulation morphological variability of the aedeagus in the C. cyanellus complex does not permit the division into several species. We suggest that other evolutionary forces, such as genetic drift and sexual selection, have influenced the evolution of the male genitalia and the incipient differentiation of this species complex.

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A Systematic Analysis of the Alpine Saxifrage Complex (Saxifragaceae) in the Canadian Arctic Islands Using Morphology and Chloroplast DNA Data

The Canadian Field-Naturalist ◽

10.22621/cfn.v118i3.1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 118 (3) ◽

pp. 326 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Caroline Healy ◽

Lynn J. Gillespie

Keyword(s):

Morphological Variability ◽

Canadian Arctic ◽

Principal Component ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Sympatric Species ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Systematic Analysis ◽

Site Analysis

The Saxifraga nivalis complex displays significant ecological, morphological and cytological variation. Most European studies suggest that the S. nivalis complex comprises two distinct species: Saxifraga nivalis sensu stricto and Saxifraga tenuis. However, the presence of intermediate morphotypes, inconsistencies in chromosomal counts and variability in morphological keys and descriptions have led to different taxonomic interpretations of the complex in North America. This study investigated the systematics of Canadian Arctic Island members of this complex from 157 specimens using 23 morphological characters. Principal component analysis of the morphological data revealed two adjacent clusters, corresponding to the two taxa and consistent with a close morphological similarity and the presence of hybrids. A preliminary restriction site analysis of five non-coding regions of the chloroplast genome, trnH-trnK, trnT-trnF, trnF-trnV, trnV-rbcL and rbcL-ORF106, was conducted using 21 restriction endonucleases. This analysis indicated a length difference between the trnT-trnF region of S. nivalis and that of S. tenuis, but no difference in restriction sites for any of the assayed regions. These results confirm that in the Canadian Arctic, the S. nivalis complex consists of two closely related, largely sympatric species, with notable morphological variability, and possible hybrids.

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Morphological variability of acorns and its taxonomic significance in Quercus. from Turkey

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v43i3.21601 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 293-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Y Bakis ◽

MT Babaç

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Morphological Variability ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Principal Component ◽

Component Analysis ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Taxonomic Significance ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

Quercus Species ◽

Different Populations

Morphological variations of acorn among and within the groups of Quercus species were studied. A total of 617 acorns belonging to 14 species representing all 3 sections of Quercus L. (Fagaceae) in Turkey were examined in this study. Specimens were collected from 47 different populations over both Anatolian and Thrace part of Turkey. Principal component analysis was used to analyze the morphological characteristics of acorns. Results obtained from this study demonstrate the use of morphological characters in differentiating the taxa of Quercus and Cerris sections studied. Another important finding is the introgression among the acorns of species within Quercus section DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i3.21601 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(3): 293-299, 2014 (December)

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Differences among the Anthocyanin Accumulation Patterns and Related Gene Expression Levels in Red Pears

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants8040100 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 100 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Meng Wu ◽

Jianlong Liu ◽

Linyan Song ◽

Xieyu Li ◽

Liu Cong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Principal Component ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽

Anthocyanin Accumulation ◽

Related Gene ◽

Accumulation Pattern ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Coloration Patterns ◽

Hierarchical Cluster Analyses ◽

Gene Expression Levels

Differences in coloration exist among red pear cultivars. Here, we selected six red pear cultivars with different genetic backgrounds to elucidate the characteristics of fruit pigmentation. We detected anthocyanin contents and the expression levels of anthocyanin synthesis-related genes in these cultivars at different stages of fruit development. The anthocyanin contents of all six cultivars showed a rise–drop tendency. Principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses were used to distinguish the types of cultivars and the genes crucial to each anthocyanin accumulation pattern. The six cultivars were divided into three groups. Red Zaosu were clustered into one group, Red Sichou and Starkrimson into another group, and Palacer, Red Bartlett, and 5 Hao clustered into a third group. The expression levels of F3H, UFGT2, MYB10, and bHLH3 were similar among the differential coloration patterns of the six cultivars, suggesting a critical and coordinated mechanism for anthocyanin synthesis. Anthocyanin transporters (GST) and light-responsive genes, such as COP1, PIF3.1, and PIF3.2 played limited roles in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation. This study provides novel insights into the regulation of anthocyanins synthesis and accumulation in red pears.

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Comparative evaluation of chemical profiles of three representative 'snow lotus' herbs by UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS combined with principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses

Drug Testing and Analysis ◽

10.1002/dta.2123 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1105-1115 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Qi-Lei Chen ◽

Lin Zhu ◽

Yi-Na Tang ◽

Hiu-Yee Kwan ◽

Zhong-Zhen Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Principal Component ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Cluster Analyses ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

Snow Lotus ◽

Hierarchical Cluster Analyses

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DIVA-GIS based insight into geographical distribution and diversity spectrum of Indian sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) accessions suitable for diversified applications

Legume Research - An International Journal ◽

10.18805/lr-4055 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

R. T. Maruthi ◽

A. A. Kumar ◽

S. B. Choudhary ◽

H. K. Sharma ◽

Jiban Mitra

Keyword(s):

Geographical Distribution ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Principal Component ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Mean Values ◽

North West ◽

Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis

Commercial prospects of sunnhemp inspired present study to understand geographical distribution pattern(s) and to scale agro-morphological diversity spectrum of forty-four sunnhemp accessions naturalized across diverse habitats of India. Field experiment revealed broad spectrum diversity for all the 11 agro-morphological traits. Wider range of plant height (110.50 to 173.17 cm), number of pods per plant (35.33 to 143.00), seeds per pod (6.33-15.17g) and seed yield per plant (8.27-29.43g) highlighted the adequacy of present genetic resources to improve sunnhemp for diversified applications. Principal component analysis of the agro-morphological characters identified the first PC with 1109.6 eigen value explaining 61.70% of total variation followed by PC-II (22.9%) and PC-III (11.1%). In PC-I significant contribution was made by traits like NLP, NPP and PH. Agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis grouped all accessions into four distinct seed producing clusters irrespective of their origin. Cluster wise mean values suggested that cluster-II is the best with outstanding trait values for majority of traits. DIVA-GIS based analysis identified accessions from Rajasthan, Western Gujarat and Jharkhand with high diversity index for number of leaves/plant. But, accessions from North West Jharkhand and Maharashtra with highest diversity index for seed yield/plant.

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AN INTEGRATIVE TAXONOMY OF MOLECULAR AND TRADITIONAL APPROACHES FOR IDENTIFICATION OF A STORAGE MITE, ALEUROGLYPHUS OVATUS (ACARI: ASTIGMATA: ACARIDAE) IN MALAYSIA

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.24297/jbt.v6i2.4799 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 882-889

Author(s):

Ernieenor Faraliana Che Lah

Keyword(s):

Molecular Identification ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Integrative Taxonomy ◽

Its2 Region ◽

Morphological Identification ◽

Taxonomic Identification ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽

Accurate Identification

A reliable and rapid taxonomic identification of a mite is the basis for a correct diagnosis of important mite associated allergies as they produce species-specific allergens. A double approach (molecular and morphological) to the taxonomic identification of Aleuroglyphus ovatus was presented. Molecular identification was performed with amplification of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS2), whilst morphological characters were examined under light microscope. The BLAST results obtained from molecular analysis of A. ovatus was shown to be in concordance with the morphological identification with 97% genetic similarity. Thus, the molecular identification based on the ITS2 region can be applied as a reliable and efficient tool for species identification of Aleuroglyphus and probably any other astigmatid mites. Our findings suggest the need for a broad taxonomic sampling especially from closely related species for an accurate identification of local mites using both DNA sequences and morphology.

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Polymorphism analysis in some Algerian Opuntia species using morphological and phenological UPOV descriptors

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.887 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 391 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Boubakr Hadjkouider ◽

Ammar Boutekrabt ◽

Bahia Lallouche ◽

Salim Lamine ◽

Néjia Zoghlami

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽

Phenotypic Diversity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Morphological Diversity ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Relative Magnitude ◽

Polymorphism Analysis ◽

Opuntia Ficus Indica ◽

New Varieties

Background: In the present study, we have investigated the morphological variation in a set of five Opuntia species from the Algerian steppes using 49 UPOV descriptors.Questions: which of the 49 descriptors that can be used as powerful estimators of the phenotypic diversity within Opuntia species? How is the morphological diversity patterned in Algerian Opuntia?Species study/ Mathematical model: Opuntia ficus-indica, Opuntia amycleae, Opuntia streptacantha, Opuntia engelmannii, Opuntia robusta. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis were used.Study site: Four counties were studied located in the Algerian steppes. The present research was carried out during 2014.Methods: 49 descriptors adopted by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) were employed in the present research, where cladode, flower and fruit traits were used to determine the overall degree of polymorphism among 5 Opuntia species.Results: Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis indicated a consistent differentiation between all studied species. The relative magnitude of the first two PCA eigenvectors showed that 8 descriptors out of 49 were identified as the most important descriptors for the classification of the species. The dendrogram performed on the calculated Euclidean distances between all species pairs allowed the identification of 3 groups, unlike the PCA that identified 4 groups. The species Opuntia ficus-indica and Opuntia amycleae were identified as very close morphologically.Conclusions: The present outcome represents a paramount step towards the fast selection of interesting species and for their best management and conservation.

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