scholarly journals Early predictors of perinatal brain damage: the role of neurobiomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliana Bersani ◽  
Francesca Pluchinotta ◽  
Andrea Dotta ◽  
Immacolata Savarese ◽  
Francesca Campi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Periventricular Leukomalacia ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Perinatal Brain Damage

AbstractThe early detection of perinatal brain damage in preterm and term newborns (i.e. intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia and perinatal asphyxia) still constitute an unsolved issue. To date, despite technological improvement in standard perinatal monitoring procedures, decreasing the incidence of perinatal mortality, the perinatal morbidity pattern has a flat trend. Against this background, the measurement of brain constituents could be particularly useful in the early detection of cases at risk for short-/long-term brain injury. On this scenario, the main European and US international health-care institutions promoted perinatal clinical and experimental neuroprotection research projects aimed at validating and including a panel of biomarkers in the clinical guidelines. Although this is a promising attempt, there are several limitations that do not allow biomarkers to be included in standard monitoring procedures. The main limitations are: (i) the heterogeneity of neurological complications in the perinatal period, (ii) the small cohort sizes, (iii) the lack of multicenter investigations, (iv) the different techniques for neurobiomarkers assessment, (iv) the lack of consensus for the validation of assays in biological fluids such as urine and saliva, and (v), the lack of reference curves according to measurement technique and biological fluid. In the present review we offer an up-to-date overview of the most promising developments in the use of biomarkers in the perinatal period such as calcium binding proteins (S100B protein), vasoactive agents (adrenomedullin), brain biomarkers (activin A, neuron specific enolase, glial fibrillary acidic protein, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1) and oxidative stress markers.

scholarly journals The Role of S100B Protein at 24 Hours of Postnatal Age as Early Indicator of Brain Damage and Prognostic Parameter of Perinatal Asphyxia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1983372
Author(s):  
Qiu Luo ◽  
Tamis Pin ◽  
LiFen Dai ◽  
GuiXian Chen ◽  
YuTong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
S100b Protein ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Serum S100b

Introduction. S100B protein is a cytosolic calcium-binding protein with a molecular weight of 21 kDa, which is present in various cells and concentrated mainly in the glial cells, which play a vital role in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis in the central nervous system. It is possible that increased S100B protein level might be considered as sensitive and specific indicator to predict early brain damage. Aim. To investigate the prognostic value of serum S100B protein in neonates with perinatal asphyxia (PA) at 24 hours of postnatal age. Methods. A systematic review was performed. Inclusion criteria were studies including data of neonates with PA, monitored with serum S100B, and with neurodevelopmental follow-up of at least 2 weeks. The period of bibliographic search was until January 2017. The consulted databases were MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Embase. A combination of the following subject headings and keywords was adapted for each electronic database: “perinatal asphyxia,” “hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy,” “hypoxia-ischemia, brain,” and “S100B.” Meta-Disc1.4 software was used. Results. From the 1620 articles initially identified, 6 were finally included and reviewed. The overall diagnostic sensitivity of serum S100B was 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.68-0.88) and the specificity was 0.79 (95% CI = 0.70-0.87). But there was lower predictability value, that is, the positive likelihood ratio was only 3.26 (95% CI 1.74-6.12) and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.32 (95% CI = 0.20-0.5). The diagnostic odds ratio was 12.40 (95% CI = 4.66-33.0). Conclusion. Increased serum S100B level at 24 hours of postnatal life can demonstrate brain damage, but it should not be the only one used to predict PA outcome.

scholarly journals Use of Early Biomarkers in Neonatal Brain Damage and Sepsis: State of the Art and Future Perspectives

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliana Bersani ◽  
Cinzia Auriti ◽  
Maria Paola Ronchetti ◽  
Giusi Prencipe ◽  
Diego Gazzolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Neonatal Brain ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Neonatal Brain Damage ◽  
The Ideal

The identification of early noninvasive biochemical markers of disease is a crucial issue of the current scientific research, particularly during the first period of life, since it could provide useful and precocious diagnostic information when clinical and radiological signs are still silent. The ideal biomarker should be practical and sensitive in the precocious identification of at risk patients. An earlier diagnosis may lead to a larger therapeutic window and improve neonatal outcome. Brain damage and sepsis are common causes of severe morbidity with poor outcome and mortality during the perinatal period. A large number of potential biomarkers, including neuroproteins, calcium binding proteins, enzymes, oxidative stress markers, vasoactive agents, and inflammatory mediators, have been so far investigated. The aim of the present review was to provide a brief overview of some of the more commonly investigated biomarkers used in case of neonatal brain damage and sepsis.

scholarly journals Clinical Phenotype of Cerebral Palsy Depends on the Cause: Is It Really Cerebral Palsy? A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 088307382110596
Author(s):  
Charlotte Metz ◽  
Monika Jaster ◽  
Elisabeth Walch ◽  
Akosua Sarpong-Bengelsdorf ◽  
Angela M. Kaindl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Clinical Phenotype ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Motor Disability ◽  
Perinatal Brain Damage ◽  
The Brain

Cerebral palsy is the most common motor disability in childhood. Still, the precise definition in terms of causes and timing of the brain damage remains controversial. Several studies examine the clinical phenotype of cerebral palsy types. The aim of our study was to determine to what extent the clinical phenotype of cerebral palsy patients depends on the underlying cause. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical phenotype, abnormalities during pregnancy, and cerebral palsy cause of 384 patients, treated at Charité-Medicine University, between 2015 and 2017. The cause of cerebral palsy was identified in 79.9% of cases. Causes prior to the perinatal period were, compared to perinatal brain damage, associated significantly with different comorbidities. The term cerebral palsy does not describe a single disease but is an umbrella term covering many different diseases. Depending on the cause, a varying clinical phenotype can be found, which offers great potential in terms of individual treatment and preventing comorbidities.

scholarly journals Comparison of Prognostic Performance between Neuron-Specific Enolase and S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B Obtained from the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survivors Who Underwent Targeted Temperature Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
Changshin Kang ◽  
Wonjoon Jeong ◽  
Jung Soo Park ◽  
Yeonho You ◽  
Jin Hong Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Poor Outcome ◽  
The Poor ◽  
S100 Calcium Binding Protein ◽  
Poor Outcome Group ◽  
Outcome Group ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

We compared the prognostic performances of serum neuron-specific enolase (sNSE), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) NSE (cNSE), and CSF S100 calcium-binding protein B (cS100B) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors. This prospective observational study enrolled 45 patients. All samples were obtained immediately and at 24 h intervals until 72 h after the return of spontaneous circulation. The inter- and intragroup differences in biomarker levels, categorized by 3 month neurological outcome, were analyzed. The prognostic performances were evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curves. Twenty-two patients (48.9%) showed poor outcome. At all-time points, sNSE, cNSE, and cS100B were significantly higher in the poor outcome group than in the good outcome group. cNSE and cS100B significantly increased over time (baseline vs. 24, 48, and 72 h) in the poor outcome group than in the good outcome group. sNSE at 24, 48, and 72 h showed significantly lower sensitivity than cNSE or cS100B. The sensitivities associated with 0 false-positive rate (FPR) for cNSE and cS100B were 66.6% vs. 45.5% at baseline, 80.0% vs. 80.0% at 24 h, 84.2% vs. 94.7% at 48 h, and 88.2% (FPR, 5.0%) vs. 94.1% at 72 h. High cNSE and cS100B are strong predictors of poor neurological outcome in OHCA survivors. Multicenter prospective studies may determine the generalizability of these results.

Perinatal brain damage—from pathophysiology to prevention

2003 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. S70-S79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Jensen ◽  
Yves Garnier ◽  
Johannes Middelanis ◽  
Richard Berger
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Perinatal Brain Damage

scholarly journals Severe Brain Damage in a Moderate Preterm Infant as Complication of Post-COVID-19 Response during Pregnancy

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Viktoria Engert ◽  
Celine Siauw ◽  
Annika Stock ◽  
Monika Rehn ◽  
Achim Wöckel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infant ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Periventricular Leukomalacia ◽  
Intracranial Bleeding ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Potential Consequence ◽  
Maternal Infection ◽  
Sars Coronavirus ◽  
Unique Case

Current evidence from the COVID-19 pandemic suggests that neonatal SARS-coronavirus-2 infections usually have a mild course. Data on how maternal infection during pregnancy affects fetal development are scarce. We present the unique case of a moderate preterm infant with intracranial bleeding and periventricular leukomalacia as a potential consequence of post-COVID-19 hyperinflammation during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Cerebral damage pathogeny peculiarities in local and globalcerebral perfusion impairment models in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Maria A. Zelenenko ◽  
Valeria A. Pechatnikova ◽  
Vassiliy A. Zaplutanov ◽  
Nikolay V. Tsygan ◽  
Nikolay A. Verlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Cerebral Circulation ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Pronounced Difference ◽  
Damage Site ◽  
S100β Protein

A complex study of clinical and laboratory pathogenic features of cerebrovascular disease has been performed in rats using two experimental models: local ischemia with cerebral infarction and global ischemia caused by acute or chronic impairment of cerebral circulation without verified site of brain damage. A pronounced difference has been demonstrated between the two studied models of cerebral impairment. The development of brain damage site constituting 20-30% of the total cortex of the impaired hemisphere was demonstrated to be accompanied by a considerable increase of basic nervous tissue damage markers (neuron-specific enolase, S100β-protein), development of endothelial dysfunction and hemostasiological disturbances. Irreparable cerebral circulation impairment by ligation of carotid arteries was followed by considerably lower lethality in the experimental animals, neurospecific markers’ moderate dynamics but however side by side with pronounced and inadequately compensated manifestations in the hemostasis system and vascular endothelium caused by brain hypoxia.

Neuron Specific Enolase — an Indicator of Brain Damage due to Hypoxia in Newborns and Adults

1983 ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. GROSS ◽  
P.J. MARANGOS ◽  
V. BENDER ◽  
R. DAUBERSCHMIDT ◽  
E.P. ISSEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document