Surgical Audio Guidance: Feasibility Check for Robotic Surgery Procedures

AbstractIn robot-assisted procedures, the surgeon controls the surgical instruments from a remote console, while visually monitoring the procedure through the endoscope. There is no haptic feedback available to the surgeon, which impedes the assessment of diseased tissue and the detection of hidden structures beneath the tissue, such as vessels. Only visual clues are available to the surgeon to control the force applied to the tissue by the instruments, which poses a risk for iatrogenic injuries. Additional information on haptic interactions of the employed instruments and the treated tissue that is provided to the surgeon during robotic surgery could compensate for this deficit. Acoustic emissions (AE) from the instrument/tissue interactions, transmitted by the instrument are a potential source of this information. AE can be recorded by audio sensors that do not have to be integrated into the instruments, but that can be modularly attached to the outside of the instruments shaft or enclosure. The location of the sensor on a robotic system is essential for the applicability of the concept in real situations. While the signal strength of the acoustic emissions decreases with distance from the point of interaction, an installation close to the patient would require sterilization measures. The aim of this work is to investigate whether it is feasible to install the audio sensor in non-sterile areas far away from the patient and still be able to receive useful AE signals. To determine whether signals can be recorded at different potential mounting locations, instrument/tissue interactions with different textures were simulated in an experimental setup. The results showed that meaningful and valuable AE can be recorded in the non-sterile area of a robotic surgical system despite the expected signal losses.

Download Full-text

Visual clues act as a substitute for haptic feedback in robotic surgery

Surgical Endoscopy ◽

10.1007/s00464-007-9683-0 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 1505-1508 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

M. E. Hagen ◽

J. J. Meehan ◽

I. Inan ◽

P. Morel

Keyword(s):

Robotic Surgery ◽

Haptic Feedback ◽

Visual Clues

Download Full-text

Twenty-second Award of the Florence Nightingale Medal

International Review of the Red Cross ◽

10.1017/s0020860400064391 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (110) ◽

pp. 250-264

Keyword(s):

International Review ◽

Additional Information ◽

Florence Nightingale ◽

To Receive ◽

Complete Account

In 1969, as at previous distributions, the National Societies vested with the appropriate solemnity the awarding of the medal to applicants selected by the ICRC and whose names appeared last year in the International Review. It is unfortunately not possible to give here a complete account of the ceremonies, since some of these have not yet taken place. Additional information which we hope to receive will however be published at a later date.

Download Full-text

Detailed Study of Front Module for Low-Emission Combustor

Volume 4A: Combustion, Fuels, and Emissions ◽

10.1115/gt2020-14820 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

A. Vasilyev ◽

V. Zakharov ◽

O. Chelebyan ◽

O. Zubkova

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Numerical Study ◽

Flame Structure ◽

Combustion Efficiency ◽

Liquid Fuels ◽

Pollutant Emission ◽

Additional Information ◽

Low Emission ◽

Wide Range ◽

To Receive

Abstract At the ASME Turbo Expo 2018 conference held in Oslo (Norway) on the 11th-15th of June 2018, the paper GT2018-75419 «Experience of Low-Emission Combustion of Aviation and Bio Fuels in Individual Flames after Front Mini-Modules of a Combustion Chamber» was published. This paper continues the studies devoted to the low-emission combustion of liquid fuels in GTE combustors. The paper presents a description of more detailed studies of the front module with a staged pneumatic fuel spray. The aerodynamic computations of the front module were conducted, and the disperse characteristics of the fuel-air spray were measured. The experimental research was carried out in two directions: 1) probing of the 3-burner sector flame tube at the distance of one third of its length (temperature field and gas sampling); 2) numerical study of the model combustor with actual arrangement of the modules in the dome within a wide range of fuel-air ratio. The calculated and experimental data of velocity field behind the front module were compared. And new data about the flame structure inside the test sector were obtained. Experimental data confirm the results of preliminary studies of the 3-burner sector: combustion efficiency is higher than 99.8%, EiNOx is at the level of 2–3 g/fuel kg at the combustor inlet air temperature of 680K and fuel-air ratio of 0.0225. The conducted research allowed to receive additional information on the influence of some design units on the pollutant emission and to estimate the different elements of computational methods for simulation of a low-emission combustor with a multi-atomizer dome.

Download Full-text

A Microsurgical Robotic System that Induces a Multisensory Illusion

International Journal of Humanoid Robotics ◽

10.1142/s0219843616500183 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (04) ◽

pp. 1650018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jumpei Arata ◽

Kazuo Kiguchi ◽

Masashi Hattori ◽

Masamichi Sakaguchi ◽

Ryu Nakadate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Delay ◽

Robotic Surgery ◽

Haptic Feedback ◽

Robotic System ◽

Degree Of Freedom ◽

System Response ◽

Prototype Implementation ◽

Hand Coordination ◽

The Given

Intuitiveness in robotic surgery is highly desirable when performing highly elaborate surgical tasks using surgical master–slave systems (MSSs), such as suturing. To increase the operability of such systems, the time delay of the system response, haptic feedback, and eye–hand coordination are the issues that have received the most attention. In addition to these approaches, we propose a surgical robotic system that induces a multisensory illusion. In our previous study, we reported that a robotic instrument we devised enhances the multisensory illusion. In this paper, we determine the requirements for inducing this multisensory illusion in a multi-degree-of-freedom (DOF) MSS, and the first stage of prototype implementation based on the given requirements is described.

Download Full-text

Soil gas physical-chemistry survey for geothermal exploration at Terceira Island, Azores.

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-11845 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Claudia Rodríguez-Pérez ◽

Alba Martín-Lorenzo ◽

Fátima Rodríguez ◽

Gladys V. Melián ◽

María Asensio-Ramos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrothermal Activity ◽

Soil Gas ◽

Volcanic Complex ◽

Additional Information ◽

Geothermal Potential ◽

Potential Success ◽

Exploratory Wells ◽

To Receive ◽

Selection Of

Terceira Island is located in the Azores Archipelago and it lies at the intersection of four submarine volcanic ridges.&#160;Due to its characteristics the geothermal potential of Terceira Island has begun to receive some interest from researchers and decision makers from the 70s of last century, but only in 2000 an exploration license was granted in favour of GEOTERCEIRA (now EDA RENOV&#193;VEIS S.A.). The area of this license is located in the central part of the island in the Pico Alto Volcanic Complex, and includes the fumarolic field of Furnas do Enxofre.The main aim of this study is to provide additional information about the presence of fluids upflow regions and areas of increased subsurface permeability related to high temperature hydrothermal activity at depth, as part of an study to expand the current geothermal plant of Terceira. To achieve this objective, a soil gas and diffuse CO2 and H2S degassing survey, which included in situ CO2 emission measurements and soil temperature at 15 and 40 cm deep and the collection of soil gas samples, was performed during September 2019. 122 sampling sites were selected spaced at ~100 meters at Pico Alto Volcanic Complex. Diffuse CO2 and H2S measurements were performed according to the accumulation chamber method, using a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) LICOR-830 CO2 analyser and ALPHASENSE H2S-BH detectors, respectively. In addition, soil gas samples were collected to analyse the He, H2, O2, N2, CO2, CH4 and CO contents and the isotopic composition of the CO2. Soil CO2 efflux values ranged between non-detectable values and 56.2 g m2 d-1, with an average of 21.7 g m2 d-1. Soil H2S efflux values ranged between non-detectable values and 0.245 g m2 d-1, with an average of 0.027 g m2 d-1. The probability plot technique applied to the soil CO2 efflux data allowed to distinguish three different geochemical populations: background, intermediate and peak represented by 36.9 %, 59.8 % and 3.3 % respectively, with geometric means of 10.8, 25.4 and 50.0 g m2 d-1 respectively. The spatial distribution of soil CO2 efflux data, constructed by means of Sequential Gaussian simulations algorithm, depicted the most important emission anomalies at the western section of the study area. These results can help to identify the possible existence of additional actively degassing geothermal reservoirs to reduce the uncertainty inherent to the selection of the area with the highest potential success in the selection of new exploratory wells at Terceira.

Download Full-text

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

International Organization ◽

10.1017/s0020818300024723 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 206-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Free Trade ◽

Latin American ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Free Trade Area ◽

Trade Association ◽

Additional Information ◽

Trade Area ◽

European Free Trade Association ◽

Definition Of ◽

To Receive

The seventeenth session of the contracting parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was held in Geneva from October 31 to November 19, 1960, under the chairmanship of Mr. Edmundo Penna Barbosa da Silva (Brazil). One of the main items of discussion was regional economic integration, considered in terms of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), the proposed Latin American free trade area, and the European Economic Community (EEC). Examination of the Stockholm Convention establishing EFTA, begun at the sixteenth session, was resumed, with the contracting parties concluding that the provisions concerning the setting up, within the time limit set forth in the convention, of a free trade area were within the definition of such an area, as contained in Article XXIV of GATT. Delegates felt, however, that there remained some legal and practical issues which could be more fruitfully discussed in the light of experience of the operation of the convention, and thus welcomed the willingness of EFTA members to furnish additional information as the organization evolved. In examining the Montevideo Treaty proposing a Latin American free trade area, delegates reached much the same conclusions. In response to the report on developments within EEC, particularly with regard to tariffs, delegates expressed a desire to receive details on the common agricultural policy of the Community, and raised queries as to the harmful effect of the Community's progressively favorable treatment of the associated territories on the trade of certain outside countries with EEC.

Download Full-text

Cross Cultural Pragmatics: Compliment Response Strategy Used on the British and Indonesian Talk show

IDEAS Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning Linguistics and Literature ◽

10.24256/ideas.v8i2.1541 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 384-397

Author(s):

Fitri Ana Rahmayani

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Response Strategy ◽

Talk Show ◽

Additional Information ◽

The Third ◽

Data Collections ◽

Different Cultures ◽

To Receive ◽

Cultural Pragmatics

This research aims at comparing the pattern of compliment response strategy used by two different cultures between British’s and Indonesia’s talk show. The method used is descriptive qualitative research. The data is taken from “Loose Women” (British Talk Show) and “Tonight Show” (Indonesian Talk Show). The data collections are done as follows: first, download the video of “Tonight Show” and “Loose Women”. Second, observed both videos and then compared the video. The last transcribed the compliment response and then choose the pattern of compliment response strategy based on the theory of (R. Herbert, 1989) to be analyzed further. The result shows that strategy of no acknowledgment gets a higher percentage in “Tonight Show” that is (31.03%), this strategy as the first usage in the compliment response strategy, disagreement strategy gets (23.07%) and as the second usage in the compliment response strategy, the third usage is appreciation token strategy (17.24%) in responding the compliment. Meanwhile, the Talk Show entitled “Loose Women” (British Talkshow), the higher strategy is comment acceptance (28%), appreciation token, return, and no acknowledgement strategy(16%). It can be concluded that the most prominent used in both Talk show are no acknowledgement strategy and comment acceptance strategy. Those both strategies is included rejection pattern in responding the compliment. In this case, British tends to receive the praise and respond to what was discussed and even they provide additional information with the intention of keeping the communication going, it means that they are open in responding to what was discussed, but that contrasts with Indonesia culture, Indonesian people intended to humble themselves and minimize the things commented on praise as an expression of humility. It means that they do not want to be seen as an arrogant artist or public figure. They only want to keep their image as an artist.

Download Full-text

Tribute to Theodor Kocher: Far Beyond an Anatomical Reference

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia Brazilian Neurosurgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1713592 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 39 (03) ◽

pp. 192-196

Author(s):

Angelo L. Maset ◽

Dionei Freitas de Morais ◽

Sérgio Ivo Calzolari

Keyword(s):

Present Article ◽

Nobel Prize ◽

Surgical Instruments ◽

General Surgeon ◽

Medical Field ◽

The Many ◽

University Of Bern ◽

Theodor Kocher ◽

The University ◽

To Receive

AbstractWe know Kocher's name as an anatomical reference in neurosurgery. In fact, Theodor Kocher was a Swiss general surgeon, and his contributions were such that Kocher was honored in 1909 with the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology, and he was the first surgeon to receive this honor. Kocher participated in the initial scientific phase of medicine, living with names that are in history, as well as him; Langenbeck and Virchow, Lucke, Billroth, Horsley, Lister, Halstedt, Pasteur, Osler, Lawson Tait, Verneuil, and a long list and other icons of the time. The present account rescues the many important facets and contributions of the Swiss surgeon Theodor Kocher, and his relationship with several of them. Kocher's memory, surgical instruments and literary production are preserved in a small wing of the University of Bern. The present article highlights how intense Kocher's dedication to the medical field was.

Download Full-text

Artificial palpation in robotic surgery using haptic feedback

Surgical Endoscopy ◽

10.1007/s00464-018-6405-8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 1252-1259 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ahmad Abiri ◽

Yen-Yi Juo ◽

Anna Tao ◽

Syed J. Askari ◽

Jake Pensa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Robotic Surgery ◽

Haptic Feedback

Download Full-text

On the Attempt to Implement Social Addressability within a Robotic System

i-com ◽

10.1515/icom-2017-0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 71-85

Author(s):

Philipp Graf ◽

Manuela Marquardt ◽

Diego Compagna

Keyword(s):

Experimental Approach ◽

Human Robot Interaction ◽

Light Conditions ◽

Robot System ◽

Robot Interaction ◽

Additional Information ◽

The Status ◽

User Friendly ◽

To Receive ◽

Insight Into

AbstractWe conducted a Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) study during a science event, using a mixed method experimental approach with quantitative and qualitative data (adapted version of Godspeed Questionnaire and audio-visual material analysed videographically). The main purpose of the research was to gather insight into the relevance of the so-called “point of interaction” for a successful and user-friendly interaction with a non-anthropomorphic robot. We elaborate on this concept with reference to sociological theories under the heading of “addressability” and “social address” and generate hypotheses informed by former research and theoretical reflections. We implement an interface on our robot system, comprising two LEDs, which indicate the status of the robot/interaction, and which might possibly serve as basal form of embodied social address. In one experimental condition, the movements were accompanied by a light choreography, the other one was conducted without the LEDs. Our findings suggest a potential relevance of social address for the interaction partner to receive additional information, especially if the situation is a contingent one. Nevertheless, the overall rating on the Godspeed scales showed no significant differences between the light conditions. Several possible reasons for this are discussed. Limitations and advantages are pointed out in the conclusion.

Download Full-text