Cognitive Linguistics, gesture studies, and multimodal communication

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Cienki
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Multimodal Communication ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sociological Factors ◽  
Gesture Studies ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Political Economic

AbstractThe fields of Cognitive Linguistics and gesture studies have begun to find each other of great interest in recent years. The cross-recognition is making for a healthy relationship because it is not a simple “mutual admiration society”, but a relation in which recognition of the other involves change and development on the part of each. Taking the usage-based tenet of Cognitive Linguistics seriously in light of video-recorded data of talk raises questions about the very object of study in Cognitive Linguistics, what its nature is, and what its scope is. The still nascient modern field of gesture studies calls for empirical research tied to the real life contexts of gesture use in order to gain a more complete picture of the phenomena “at hand”. Discussion of the place of studying multimodal communication within Cognitive Linguistics leads to consideration of broader political, economic, and sociological factors in academia which can play a role in determining the future of the field.

scholarly journals Modality, Medium, and More: A Toolkit for the Multimodal Cognitive Linguist. Sidenotes on “Understanding Abstract Concepts across Modes in Multimodal Discourse: A Cognitive-Linguistic Approach” (2020) by Elżbieta Górska

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
Michał Szawerna
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Multimodal Communication ◽  
The Other ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Multimodal Discourse ◽  
Cognitive Linguistic ◽  
The One ◽  
Linguistic Approach

The focus of this review article is on Understanding Abstract Concepts across Modes in Multimodal Discourse: A Cognitive-Linguistic Approach (2020), the latest monograph by professor Elżbieta Górska of Warsaw University, a leading Polish researcher in the area of multimodality studies informed by cognitive linguistics. The goal of this article is twofold. On the one hand, the article aims at evaluating Górska’s monograph on its own merits, as a self-contained study of the cognitive processes involved in the interpretation of multimodal works of art by Janusz Kapusta, with an emphasis on conceptual metaphor, conceptual metonymy, and their interplay. On the other hand, the article aims at considering a number of thorny concepts underlying much of the current linguistically informed research into multimodal communication (notably, modality/mode, medium, and genre) by using Górska’s monograph as a springboard for their discussion.

Doctor-Patient Relationship: The Difficult Balance between Patient Psychology and Community Sociology

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Turabian
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Doctor Patient Relationship ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Usual Model ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Object Of Study

Psychology and sociology share a common object of study, human behaviour, but from different perspectives. Sociologists have focused on macro variables, such as social structure, education, gender, age, race, etc., while psychology has focused on micro variables such as individual personality and behaviours, beliefs, empathy, listening, etc. Despite the importance of interpersonal relationship skills, they depend on the community or social context in which communication takes place, and by themselves may have little relevance in the consultation. The purely psychological analysis of the doctor-patient relationship often leads to an idyllic vision, with the patient-centred consultation as the greatest exponent, which rarely occurs in real life. The purely sociological or community / social analysis of the doctor-patient relationship leads to a negative view of the consultation, which is always shown as problematic. But, the psychological system in the doctor-patient relationship cannot be neglected, and its study is of importance, at least as an intermediate mechanism that is created through socio-community relations. Although the same social causes are behind the doctor-patient relationship, when acting on psychological factors in the consultation, they act as an optical prism scattering socio-community relations that affect the doctor and the patient, giving rise to a beam of different colors of doctor-patient relationship. In doctor-patient relationship there is a modality of psychotherapy, where attitudes, thoughts and behaviour of the patient, can be change, as well as it can be extended on the way of understanding and therefore changing, his social context. Because of the distance between socio-community relations and the form of doctor-patient relations is growing in complex societies, under these conditions, the sociological factor gives the important place to the psychological factor. Given these difficulties of the doctor-patient relationship one may ask how general medical practice can persist with the usual model of doctor-patient relationship. Pain and the desire to relieve them are the basic reasons for the patient and the doctor, and they do not disappear due to the contradictions of the doctor-patient relationship. In this way, the confrontation between sociological and psychological vision is replaced by an alliance of both currents, and each of them takes on meaning only in the general vision.

scholarly journals Representing the victorious past: Chinese revolutionary TV drama between propaganda and marketization

2021 ◽  
pp. 016344372110227
Author(s):  
Yingzi Wang ◽  
Thoralf Klein
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Market Reforms ◽  
Fictional Characters ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
The One ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Revolutionary History ◽  
Over Time

This paper examines the changes and continuities in TV representations of Chinese Communist Party’s revolutionary history and interprets them within the broader context of China’s political, economic and cultural transformations since the 1990s. Drawing on a comparative analysis of three state-sponsored TV dramas produced between the late 1990s and mid-2010s, it traces how the state-sanctioned revolutionary narratives have changed over time in response to the Party’s propaganda imperatives on the one hand, and to the market-oriented production environment on the other. The paper argues that while recent TV productions in the new century have made increasing concessions to audience taste by adopting visually stimulating depictions and introducing fictional characters as points of identification for the audience, the revolutionary narratives were still aligned with the Party’s propaganda agenda at different times. This shows the ongoing competition between ideological and commercial interests in Chinese TV production during the era of market reforms.

Animals in Dreams of Children, Adolescents, and Adults: The UK Library Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 027623662096063
Author(s):  
Michael Schredl ◽  
Mark Blagrove
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Continuity Hypothesis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Uk

Animal dreams have fascinated mankind for ages. Empirical research indicated that children dream more often about animals than adults and dogs, cats, and horses are the most frequent animals that appear within dreams. Moreover, most dreamer-animal interactions are negative. The present study included 4849 participants (6 to 90 yrs. old) reporting 2716 most recent dreams. Overall, 18.30% of these dreams included animals with children reporting more animal dreams that adolescents and adults. The most frequent animals were again dogs, horses, and cats; about 20% of the dream animals were in fact pets of the dreamers. About 30% of the dream animals showed bizarre features, e.g., metamorphosing into humans or other animals, bigger than in real life, or can talk. Taken together, the findings support the continuity hypothesis of dreaming but also the idea that dreams reflect waking-life emotions in a metaphorical and dramatized way. Future studies should focus on eliciting waking-life experiences with animals, e.g., having a pet, animal-related media consumption, and relating these to experiences with animals in dreams.

Comments on the Market Crash: Six Months After

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayne Leland ◽  
Mark Rubinstein
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Equilibrium ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Trading Mechanisms

Six months after the market crash of October 1987, we are still sifting through the debris searching for its cause. Two theories of the crash sound plausible -- one based on a market panic and the other based on large trader transactions -- though there is other evidence that is difficult to reconcile. If we are to believe the market panic theory or the Brady Commission's theory that the crash was primarily caused by a few large traders, we must strongly reject the standard model. We need to build models of financial equilibrium which are more sensitive to real life trading mechanisms, which account more realistically for the formation of expectations, and which recognize that, at any one time, there is a limited pool of investors available with the ability to evaluate stocks and take appropriate action in the market.

Political Matrix and Political Representation: Prolegomenon to a New Departure from an Old Problem

1969 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Prewitt ◽  
Heinz Eulau
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Past Century ◽  
City Councils ◽  
Political Units ◽  
The One ◽  
Special District

Scholars interested in theorizing about political representation in terms relevant to democratic governance in mid-twentieth century America find themselves in a quandary. We are surrounded by functioning representative institutions, or at least by institutions formally described as representative. Individuals who presumably “represent” other citizens govern some 90 thousand different political units—they sit on school and special district boards, on township and city councils, on county directorates, on state and national assemblies, and so forth. But the flourishing activity of representation has not yet been matched by a sustained effort to explain what makes the representational process tick.Despite the proliferation of representative governments over the past century,theoryabout representation has not moved much beyond the eighteenth-century formulation of Edmund Burke. Certainly most empirical research has been cast in the Burkean vocabulary. But in order to think in novel ways about representative government in the twentieth-century, we may have to admit that present conceptions guiding empirical research are obsolete. This in turn means that the spell of Burke's vocabulary over scientific work on representation must be broken.To look afresh at representation, it is necessary to be sensitive to the unresolved tension between the two main currents of contemporary thinking about representational relationships. On the one hand, representation is treated as a relationship between any one individual, the represented, and another individual, the representative—aninter-individualrelationship. On the other hand, representatives are treated as a group, brought together in the assembly, to represent the interest of the community as a whole—aninter-grouprelationship. Most theoretical formulations since Burke are cast in one or the other of these terms.

THE CONCEPT AS THE OBJECT OF STUDY OF LINGUISTICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
K. Galiyeva ◽  
◽  
S. Isakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon ◽  
Scientific Fields

The article is devoted to the definition of concept in modern linguistics. Various points of view and definitions of the basic concepts are considered: "concept", "conceptual sphere", "content". The aim of the article is to describe and explain such a complex unit as a concept from the point of view of linguistics. The object of research is studied in its various manifestations, the combination of verbal and nonverbal means of information expression in the conceptual sphere is revealed. the relevance of this topic is due to the need for a detailed consideration of the concept of concept based on the works of prominent scientists and linguists. Researchers treat the concept as a cognitive, psycholinguistic, linguocultural, cultural and linguistic phenomenon. The concept is an umbrella term because it "covers" the subject areas of several scientific fields: primarily cognitive psychology and cognitive linguistics.

Benessere tra differenze e disuguaglianze di genere in salute

2012 ◽  
pp. 95-113
Author(s):  
Rita Biancheri
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Personal History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Life Context ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
Sick Individual

Up to now, in the traditional biomedical paradigm the terms "sex" and "gender" have either been used synonymously and the insertion of gender among the determining elements of conditions of wellbeing/disease has been difficult, and obstructed by disciplinary rigidities that retarded the acceptance of an approach which had already been largely found to be valid in other areas of research. The effected simplification demonstrated its limitations in describing the theme of health; but if, on the one hand, there has been a growing awareness of a subject which can in no way be considered "neutral", on the other hand there continues to be insufficient attention, both in theoretical analysis and in empirical research, given to female differences. The article is intended to support that the sick individual is a person, with his/her genetic heritage, his/her own cultural acquisitions and personal history, and own surrounding life context; but these and similar factors have not traditionally been taken into consideration by official medicine and welfare systems, despite a hoped-for socio-health integration.

scholarly journals Applying Corpus Data to Define Needs in Web Localization Training

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 998-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel ángel Jiménez-Crespo ◽  
Maribel Tercedor
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Learner Corpus ◽  
Text Types ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
University Level ◽  
The One ◽  
Insight Into

Localization is increasingly making its way into translation training programs at university level. However, there is still a scarce amount of empirical research addressing issues such as defining localization in relation to translation, what localization competence entails or how to best incorporate intercultural differences between digital genres, text types and conventions, among other aspects. In this paper, we propose a foundation for the study of localization competence based upon previous research on translation competence. This project was developed following an empirical corpus-based contrastive study of student translations (learner corpus), combined with data from a comparable corpus made up of an original Spanish corpus and a Spanish localized corpus. The objective of the study is to identify differences in production between digital texts localized by students and professionals on the one hand, and original texts on the other. This contrastive study allows us to gain insight into how localization competence interrelates with the superordinate concept of translation competence, thus shedding light on which aspects need to be addressed during localization training in university translation programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document