Necrotizing enterocolitis following intensive phototherapy in full-term newborns – is there a possible association?

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arieh Riskin ◽  
Amir Kugelman ◽  
David Bader
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Clinical Awareness

AbstractNecrotizing enterocolitis is rare in full-term infants, and is currently not considered a known complication of phototherapy.Three cases of necrotizing enterocolitis in full-term babies possibly associated to intensive phototherapy for treatment of early neonatal hyperbilirubinemia due to isoimmune hemolytic disease of the newborn.Although rare, the association between occurrences of necrotizing enterocolitis in full-term newborn infants and intensive phototherapy merits caution and clinical awareness to such possible complication. Presumptive explanation is that intensive phototherapy causes marked vasodilataion in the skin that may result in decreased perfusion of the intestine leading to ischemia and necrotizing enterocolitis. This calls for further studies to investigate the effects of phototherapy on the vascular bed in the gut and other vital organs that could have clinical implications.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding skills of full-term newborns and associated factors in a low-and-middle-income setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2670-2678
Author(s):  
Esedra E Krüger ◽  
Alta AM Kritzinger ◽  
Lidia L Pottas
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Hiv Exposed

Background: Normative information on the breastfeeding of term newborns may guide clinicians in early identification of breastfeeding difficulties and oro-pharyngeal dysphagia (OPD), and may support optimal breastfeeding practices. Objective: To describe breastfeeding skills of term newborn infants in a South African hospital, a lower-middle-income setting, and investigate associations between infants’ feeding and other factors.Method: One breastfeeding session of each of the 71 healthy newborn full-term infants (mean chronological age=1.9 days; mean gestation=39.1 weeks) was evaluated using the Preterm Infant Breastfeeding Behavior Scale (PIBBS), suitable for use with term newborns.Results: All participants were exclusively breastfed. Thirteen participants (18%) were HIV-exposed. There was no significant difference in the findings of the PIBBS between HIV-exposed and unexposed participants. Most newborns had obvious rooting, latched deeply onto the nipple and some of the areola, had repeated long sucking bursts (mean length=16.82 sucks/burst), and swallowed repeatedly. Most participants were in either the drowsy or quiet-alert state, which are optimal behavioural states for breastfeeding. One to two-hourly on-demand feeds was significantly associated with mothers who had normal births and did not use galactogogues to promote lactation.Conclusion: Results may be used for early identification of OPD in newborns. The findings may be useful to primary care clinicians.Keywords: Full-term, newborn, breastfeeding, feeding skills, feeding characteristics, normative data.

Breast-Feeding and Hyperbilirubinemia in Full-Term Newborn Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 617-618
Author(s):  
CARLO CORCHIA ◽  
MARIA RUIU ◽  
MARCELLO ORZALESI
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
School Of Medicine

To the Editor.— Osborn et al1 have reported a positive association between breast-feeding and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in full-term infants. To give further support to the findings of Osborn et al, we wish to report the results of two similar studies that have been completed in two different hospitals. The first study was carried out in the nursery of the Second School of Medicine of Naples.2 Rooming-in was practiced from 9 am to 12 pm, and during the day, breastfed babies were only offered a supplement of 5% dextrose in water when appropriate.

BIOMARKERS OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS IN FULL-TERM INFANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
T.A. Mammadova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
New Biomarkers

Objective of the research: to assess the value of new biomarkers – erythropoietin (EPO), nitric oxide (NO), calcium ion for the early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in full-term newborns. Materials and methods: 100 full-term infants with NEC and 30 generally healthy infants (control group) were examined. In newborns of both groups in the first 2 weeks of life, plasma NO levels were determined by the colorimetric method (Caymans Nitrate/Nitrite Colorimetric Assay Kit) using an ELISYS UNO HUMAN; EPO – by Human Enzyme Immunoassay ELISA Kit, calcium ions – by a photometric test with BioScreen MS2000. Results: an increase in EPO levels and a decrease in Ca+2 level were revealed in patients depending on the NEC stage. In patients with stage I NEC, EPO and NO values increased by 54% and 46%, respectively, and the Ca+2 values were decreased by 19% in comparison with indicators in children of the control group. In patients with stage II NEC, EPO values increased by 70%, NO – by 124%, and Ca+2 were decreased by 61% compared to the indicators of children in the control group. In patients with stage III NEC, EPO values increased by 100%, NO – by 222% compared with the indicators of children in the control group. Conclusion: EPO, NO, and Ca+2 are biomarkers of early diagnosis of NEC in term infants and detection of severe variants of the disease.

scholarly journals Necrotizing Enterocolitis Presented at birth in a Full-Term Baby Born to a Mother with Chorioamnionitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Husam Salama ◽  
Alaa Al.fakharani ◽  
Salem Mammoo
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Optimum Time ◽  
Gestation Age ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Term Baby

Necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn infants is an inflammatory disease affecting most commonly newborn infants born prematurely. This condition's main cause is yet unknown, but immature mucosa associated with the fast introduction of milk are the two major risk pillars. The optimum time of occurrence is between the two weeks of life, and week six depends on the gestation age. It is seldom to occur in full-term newborns and quite unusual to present at birth. The authors present a case where a full-term baby is born with evidence of necrotizing enterocolitis to a mother with chorioamnionitis and antiphospholipid syndrome.

scholarly journals Energy Metabolism in the Erythrocytes of Premature Infants Compared to Full Term Newborn Infants and Adults

Blood ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 755-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUTH T. GROSS ◽  
ELEANOR A. R. SCHROEDER ◽  
SUSAN A. BROUNSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Pyruvate Kinase ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Percentage Content ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Phosphoglyceric Acid ◽  
Term Newborns

Abstract 1. The following aspects of energy metabolism have been compared in the erythrocytes of premature infants, full term newborn infants, and adults: levels of activity of the enzymes involved in the generation and utilization of ATP, and measurements of the content of ATP and of ADP. 2. The levels of activity of hexokinase, phosphoglyceric acid kinase and pyruvate kinase are significantly increased in the erythrocytes of premature and full term newborn infants compared to adults. 3. The level of activity of phosphofructokinase is significantly decreased in the erythrocytes of premature and full term newborn infants compared to adults. 4. In the erythrocytes of premature infants the content of ATP is significantly increased compared to both full term newborns and adults. The content of ADP is not increased. The percentage content of ADP is significantly below the values found in full term newborn infants and adults. 5. In the erythrocytes of full term newborn infants the content of both ATP and ADP is significantly greater than in adults. The ratio of ADP to the total amount of ATP plus ADP does not differ from the adult value.

DEVELOPMENTAL TESTING OF PRE-TERM AND SMALL-FOR-DATE INFANTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Arthur H. Parmelee ◽  
Franz J. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Developmental Quotient ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
Conduction Velocities ◽  
Birth Preterm

Twenty-five full-term, newborn infants and 22 small-for-date infants born at term had comparable nerve conduction velocities and were considered to be of equal neurological maturity. Twenty-six pre-term infants equal in weight to the small-for-date infants had significantly slower nerve conduction velocities and were considered on this basis more immature at birth than the term and small-for-date infants. All of these infants were given Gesell developmental tests at approximately 40 weeks of age by an examiner with no knowledge of their neonatal condition. The objective was to determine to what degree performance later in infancy is dependent on neurological maturity at birth. The full-term infants and the small-for-date infants performed at their age level with average developmental quotients of 99 and 96, respectively. The pre-term infants performed at less than their age from birth with an average D.Q. of 88; but, when their age was corrected for weeks of prematurity, the average D.Q. was 99. These findings substantiate the concept that performance on the Gesell schedules is dependent on time from conception rather than time from birth. Preterm infants should have their age determined from their expected date of birth for purposes of calculating a developmental quotient.

scholarly journals Levels of Predominant Intestinal Microorganisms in 1 Month-Old Full-Term Babies and Weight Gain During the First Year of Life

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2412
Author(s):  
Sonia González ◽  
Marta Selma-Royo ◽  
Silvia Arboleya ◽  
Cecilia Martínez-Costa ◽  
Gonzalo Solís ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Full Term ◽  
First Year ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Newborns ◽  
Infant Weight Gain ◽  
First Year Of Life

The early life gut microbiota has been reported to be involved in neonatal weight gain and later infant growth. Therefore, this early microbiota may constitute a target for the promotion of healthy neonatal growth and development with potential consequences for later life. Unfortunately, we are still far from understanding the association between neonatal microbiota and weight gain and growth. In this context, we evaluated the relationship between early microbiota and weight in a cohort of full-term infants. The absolute levels of specific fecal microorganisms were determined in 88 vaginally delivered and 36 C-section-delivered full-term newborns at 1 month of age and their growth up to 12 months of age. We observed statistically significant associations between the levels of some early life gut microbes and infant weight gain during the first year of life. Classifying the infants into tertiles according to their Staphylococcus levels at 1 month of age allowed us to observe a significantly lower weight at 12 months of life in the C-section-delivered infants from the highest tertile. Univariate and multivariate models pointed out associations between the levels of some fecal microorganisms at 1 month of age and weight gain at 6 and 12 months. Interestingly, these associations were different in vaginally and C-section-delivered babies. A significant direct association between Staphylococcus and weight gain at 1 month of life was observed in vaginally delivered babies, whereas in C-section-delivered infants, lower Bacteroides levels at 1 month were associated with higher later weight gain (at 6 and 12 months). Our results indicate an association between the gut microbiota and weight gain in early life and highlight potential microbial predictors for later weight gain.

scholarly journals Delivery Room Management of Asphyxiated Term and Near-Term Infants

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Marlies Bruckner ◽  
Gianluca Lista ◽  
Ola D. Saugstad ◽  
Georg M. Schmölzer
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Delivery Room ◽  
Temperature Management ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
Resuscitation Guidelines ◽  
Delivery Room Management

Approximately 800,000 newborns die annually due to birth asphyxia. The resuscitation of asphyxiated term newly born infants often occurs unexpected and is challenging for healthcare providers as it demands experience and knowledge in neonatal resuscitation. Current neonatal resuscitation guidelines often focus on resuscitation of extremely and/or very preterm infants; however, the recommendations for asphyxiated term newborn infants differ in some aspects to those for preterm infants (i.e., respiratory support, supplemental oxygen, and temperature management). Since the update of the neonatal resuscitation guidelines in 2015, several studies examining various resuscitation approaches to improve the outcome of asphyxiated infants have been published. In this review, we discuss current recommendations and recent findings and provide an overview of delivery room management of asphyxiated term newborn infants.

Carbohydrate Malabsorption in Necrotizing Enterocolitis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Linda Sue Book ◽  
John J. Herbst ◽  
August L. Jung
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Advanced Disease ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Reducing Substances ◽  
Carbohydrate Intolerance ◽  
Prospective Investigation

A prospective investigation was conducted to determine if infants with necrotizing enterocolitis had evidence of carbohydrate intolerance prior to the onset of clinical symptoms of advanced disease. Stool specimens were examined for fecal reducing substances with Clintest tablets from well, full-term infants and sick premature infants. Only two of 45 (4.4%) formula-fed, full-term infants demonstrated higher than 2 + fecal reducing substances. Ten of 14 (71%) formula-fed premature infants who developed necrotizing enterocolitis had higher than 2 + reducing substances detected in their stools. Daily measurement of fecal reducing substances can be a useful adjunct in the management of sick premature infants.

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