Commercializing Electrospun Scaffolds For Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Khadem Mohtaram ◽  
Vahid Karamzadeh ◽  
Yousef Shafieyan ◽  
Stephanie M. Willerth
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Bioactive Scaffolds ◽  
Electrospun Scaffolds ◽  
Current State ◽  
Start Up

Abstract Tissue engineering, the process of combining bioactive scaffolds often with cells to produce replacements for damaged organs, represents an enormous market opportunity. This review critically evaluates the commercialization potential of electrospun scaffolds for applications in stem cell biology, including tissue engineering. First, it provides an overview of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and their defining properties, pluripotency and the ability to self-renew. These cells serve as an important tool for engineering tissues, including for clinical applications. Next, we review the technique of electrospinning and its promise for fabricating cell culture substrates and scaffolds for directing tissue formation from stem cells and compare these scaffolds to existing technologies, such as hydrogels. We address the associated market for electrospun scaffolds for PSCs and its potential for growth along with highlighting the importance of 3D cell culture substrates for PSCs by analyzing the net capital invested in this market and the associated growth rate. This review finishes by detailing the current state of commercializing electrospun scaffolds along with pathways for translating these scaffolds from research laboratories into successful start-up companies and the associated challenges with this process.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells in the dental tissues: perspectives for tissue regeneration

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Estrela ◽  
Ana Helena Gonçalves de Alencar ◽  
Gregory Thomas Kitten ◽  
Eneida Franco Vencio ◽  
Elisandra Gava
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Stem Cell Research ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Dental Stem Cell

In recent years, stem cell research has grown exponentially owing to the recognition that stem cell-based therapies have the potential to improve the life of patients with conditions that range from Alzheimer’s disease to cardiac ischemia and regenerative medicine, like bone or tooth loss. Based on their ability to rescue and/or repair injured tissue and partially restore organ function, multiple types of stem/progenitor cells have been speculated. Growing evidence demonstrates that stem cells are primarily found in niches and that certain tissues contain more stem cells than others. Among these tissues, the dental tissues are considered a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells that are suitable for tissue engineering applications. It is known that these stem cells have the potential to differentiate into several cell types, including odontoblasts, neural progenitors, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. In dentistry, stem cell biology and tissue engineering are of great interest since may provide an innovative for generation of clinical material and/or tissue regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells were demonstrated in dental tissues, including dental pulp, periodontal ligament, dental papilla, and dental follicle. These stem cells can be isolated and grown under defined tissue culture conditions, and are potential cells for use in tissue engineering, including, dental tissue, nerves and bone regeneration. More recently, another source of stem cell has been successfully generated from human somatic cells into a pluripotent stage, the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells), allowing creation of patient- and disease-specific stem cells. Collectively, the multipotency, high proliferation rates, and accessibility make the dental stem cell an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells for tissue regeneration. This review describes new findings in the field of dental stem cell research and on their potential use in the tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Optimization of mouse embryonic stem cell culture for organoid and chimeric mice production

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécilie Martin-Lemaitre ◽  
Yara Alcheikh ◽  
Ronald Naumann ◽  
Alf Honigmann
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Stem Cell Culture

SummaryIn vitro stem cell culture is demanding in terms of manpower and media supplements. In recent years, new protocols have been developed to expand pluripotent embryonic stem cells in suspension culture, which greatly simplifies cell handling and scalability. However, it is still unclear how suspension culture protocols with different supplements affect pluripotency, cell homogeneity and cell differentiation compared to established adherent culture methods. Here we tested four different culture conditions for mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) and quantified chimerism and germ line transmission as well as in vitro differentiation into three-dimensional neuro-epithelia. We found that suspension culture supplemented with CHIR99021/LIF offers the best compromise between culturing effort, robust pluripotency and cell homogeneity. Our work provides a guideline for simplifying mESC culture and should encourage more cell biology labs to use stem cell-based organoids as model systems.

scholarly journals Immune response to stem cells and strategies to induce tolerance

2007 ◽  
Vol 362 (1484) ◽  
pp. 1343-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puspa Batten ◽  
Nadia A Rosenthal ◽  
Magdi H Yacoub
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Great Expectations ◽  
Cardiovascular Tissue ◽  
Form And Function

Although recent progress in cardiovascular tissue engineering has generated great expectations for the exploitation of stem cells to restore cardiac form and function, the prospects of a common mass-produced cell resource for clinically viable engineered tissues and organs remain problematic. The refinement of stem cell culture protocols to increase induction of the cardiomyocyte phenotype and the assembly of transplantable vascularized tissue are areas of intense current research, but the problem of immune rejection of heterologous cell type poses perhaps the most significant hurdle to overcome. This article focuses on the potential advantages and problems encountered with various stem cell sources for reconstruction of the damaged or failing myocardium or heart valves and also discusses the need for integrating advances in developmental and stem cell biology, immunology and tissue engineering to achieve the full potential of cardiac tissue engineering. The ultimate goal is to produce ‘off-the-shelf’ cells and tissues capable of inducing specific immune tolerance.

scholarly journals Stem Cell Therapy: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Mridha Sharma ◽  
Kirandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Stem Cell Biology ◽  
Bone Reconstruction ◽  
Important Field

The human body is an intricate system consisting of numerous cells and tissues working in an organized fashion for the sustenance of life and stem cell biology become an important field for the understanding of tissue regeneration and implementation of regenerative medicine. Stem cells have capability of replicating themselves and can be readily available at the time of a planned procedure. Furthermore, it’s been shown that these cells have high potential to serve as resources not for medical therapies and tissue engineering, but also for dental or bone reconstruction. Stem cell research is not merely a science fiction but has rather opened the door for future treatment modalities.

scholarly journals Laminin- and basement membranepolycaprolactone blend nanofibers as a scaffold for regenerative medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah A. Neal ◽  
Steven M. Lenz ◽  
Tiffany Wang ◽  
Daniel Abebayehu ◽  
Benjamin P.C. Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Angular Deviation ◽  
Cells Cultured

AbstractMimicking one or more components of the basement membrane (BM) holds great promise for overcoming insufficiencies in tissue engineering therapies. We have electrospun laminin nanofibers (NFs) isolated from the murine Engelbreth-Holm Swarm (EHS) tumor and evaluated them as a scaffold for embryonic stem cell culture. Seeded human embryonic stem cells were found to better maintain their undifferentiated, colony environment when cultured on laminin NFs compared to laminin mats, with 75% remaining undifferentiated on NFs. Mouse embryonic stem cells cultured on 10% laminin-polycaprolactone (PCL) NFs maintained their colony formation for twice as long without passage compared to those on PCL or gelatin substrates. In addition, we have established a protocol for electrospinning reconstituted basement membrane aligned (RBM)-PCL NFs within 10° of angular deviation. Neuron-like PC12 cells show significantly greater attachment (p < 0.001) and percentage of neuriteextending cells

scholarly journals Hard Dental Tissues Regeneration—Approaches and Challenges

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2558
Author(s):  
Mihaela Olaru ◽  
Liliana Sachelarie ◽  
Gabriela Calin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Tissue Engineering Approach ◽  
Hard Dental Tissues ◽  
Review Reports

With the development of the modern concept of tissue engineering approach and the discovery of the potential of stem cells in dentistry, the regeneration of hard dental tissues has become a reality and a priority of modern dentistry. The present review reports the recent advances on stem-cell based regeneration strategies for hard dental tissues and analyze the feasibility of stem cells and of growth factors in scaffolds-based or scaffold-free approaches in inducing the regeneration of either the whole tooth or only of its component structures.

Magnetic field assisted stem cell differentiation – role of substrate magnetization in osteogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (16) ◽  
pp. 3150-3168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Boda ◽  
Greeshma Thrivikraman ◽  
Bikramjit Basu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation

Substrate magnetization as a tool for modulating the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells for bone tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Potential Use of Stem Cells for Kidney Regeneration

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yokoo ◽  
Kei Matsumoto ◽  
Shinya Yokote
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Research ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Kidney Regeneration ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Kidney Dialysis ◽  
Organ Regeneration ◽  
Renal Stem Cell

Significant advances have been made in stem cell research over the past decade. A number of nonhematopoietic sources of stem cells (or progenitor cells) have been identified, including endothelial stem cells and neural stem cells. These discoveries have been a major step toward the use of stem cells for potential clinical applications of organ regeneration. Accordingly, kidney regeneration is currently gaining considerable attention to replace kidney dialysis as the ultimate therapeutic strategy for renal failure. However, due to anatomic complications, the kidney is believed to be the hardest organ to regenerate; it is virtually impossible to imagine such a complicated organ being completely rebuilt from pluripotent stem cells by gene or chemical manipulation. Nevertheless, several groups are taking on this big challenge. In this manuscript, current advances in renal stem cell research are reviewed and their usefulness for kidney regeneration discussed. We also reviewed the current knowledge of the emerging field of renal stem cell biology.

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