Diachrone Perspektiven im Historischen deutschen Valenzwörterbuch

Glottotheory ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Greule
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Middle High German ◽  
Old High German ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThe Historic German Valency Dictionary should not be only a synchronic description of the valency of a selection of Old High German, Middle High German and Early Hew High German verbs, but also illustrate the history of valency (diachronic) of these verbs within a semantic field. This paper gives an overview of the previous research undertaken in the field of the history of valency. Based on a case study, it develops a method to illustrate the history of valency by the comparison of synchronic historic cross-sections.

Manajemen Operasi Program Khutbah Jum’at Di Masjid Al Akbar Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Hari Santoso Wibowo ◽  
Shokiful Aziz ◽  
Bambang Subandi
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Final Design ◽  
History Of ◽  
Friday Prayer ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTThe function of the mosque in the history of its emergence is indeed not merely for "the place of prostration" as it literally means, but it has many functions. The mosque has another main function which is as a place of worship in preaching the values of Islam in people's lives. One form of syi'ar that can be performed in a mosque is the Friday Prayer. The purpose of this research is to describe the production management process of the Friday sermon program and the object of the Al Akbar National Mosque in Surabaya. This research uses a qualitative method with a Case Study approach. This study uses data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. The data obtained came from the Chairman of Takmir / Managing Director, Head of Da'wah Division and several parties expected to be related to the program. Implementation of production management in the preparation of the Friday sermon program through several stages including the search for ideas through internal deliberations of the directorate of Imarah and the field of Da'wah, Selection of the preacher through qualification standards, Khatib Testing and Evaluation, the design of the sermon, the final design of the sermon.ABSTRAKFungsi masjid dalam sejarah kemunculannya, memang tidak sekedar untuk “tempat sujud” sebagaimana makna harfiahnya, tetapi memiliki banyak fungsi. masjid memiliki fungsi utama lainnya yaitu sebagai tempat syiar dalam mendakwahkan nilai – nilai Islam dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Salah satu bentuk syi’ar yang bisa dilaksanakan di masjid adalah shalat Jum’at. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk menggambarkan proses manajemen produksi program khutbah Jum’at dan yang menjadi objeknya Masjid Nasional Al Akbar Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan Studi Kasus. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh berasal dari Ketua Takmir/Direktur Utama, Kepala Bidang Dakwah  dan beberapa pihak yang diperkirakan terkait dengan program tersebut. Implemantasi manajemen produksi pada penyusunan progam khutbah jumat melalui beberapa tahapan diantaranya pencarian gagasan melalui musyawarah internal direktorat Imarah dan bidang Dakwah, Seleksi Khatib melalui standar kualifikasi, Pengujian dan Evaluasi Khatib, Desain khutbah, Desain akhir khutbah.

الاشتراكُ الدلاليُّ في لفظِ (الرأس)

2021 ◽  
pp. arabic cover-english cover
Author(s):  
لعبيدي بو عبد الله ◽  
شيماء عبد الله عبد الغفور
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Semantic Domain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Approaches

تُعَدُّ ظاهرةُ الاشتراكِ الدلاليّ ظاهرة مركزية في جميع اللغاتِ الإنسانيّةِ، فهي تستمدُ كينونتها من الهيكل المفاهيمي للإنسان، ومن تفاعل إدراكه مع العالم الخارجي. وقد جاءَتْ هذه الورقة لتقارب ظــاهرة الاشتراك الدلاليّ إدراكيًّا في المعجم العربي -وفق منهج وصفي تحليلي-، متخذةً من كلمة (الرأس) أنموذجًا. وتهدفُ هذه الدراسة للإجابة عن التساؤلات الآتية: ما البنية الإدراكية الكامنة وراء حدوث ظاهرة الاشتراك الدلاليّ في ألفاظ أجزاء الجسد عامة وكلمة (رَأْس) خاصةً؟ وما الحقول الدلاليّة التي امتد إليها واتساعاتها الاستعارية والكنائية؟ كما تعمل الدراسة على الكشف عن البنية الإدراكية التي تجمع المعاني المتعددة للفظ (الرأس) بالإضافة إلى الكشف عن شبكة العلاقات الدلاليّة بين المعاني المتعددة التي يضمها. وقد خَلُصَتْ هذه الورقة البحثية إلى كون التوسعاتِ الدلاليّةِ، والاستعمالاتِ الاستعاريّةِ، والكنائيّةِ لكلمة (رَأْس) تتصلُ بنسقنا التصوّري، وبالتفاعل الدائم بين تجاربنا اليوميّة مع رؤوسنا والعالم الخارجي. الكلمات المفتاحية: (الاشتراك الدلاليّ، اللسانيات الإدراكية، تاريخ اللسانيات الإدراكية، الجسد، رأس) Abstract Polysemy is a central phenomenon in all languages. It shows the interaction between human cognition and human environment. This paper aims to answer the following questions: what is the language mechanisms that is used among Arabs and makes sense of body part terms extend to a new semantic domain? And What are the semantic domains that the word ‘head’ extended to? To achieve the objectives this paper, the researchers adopted the cognitive approach. As well as the descriptive and analytical approaches using the word ‘head’ as a case study and traced its meaning as it developed through metaphor and metonymy. Also, it crossed over from one semantic field to another. It will show that demonstrate of ‘head’ and its semantic extensions derive directly from conceptual patterns that were created as a result of experiences and interaction between our heads, and the outside world. Key words: (polysemy, cognitive linguistics, the history of cognitive linguistics, body, head).

scholarly journals Italian Office Desk

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Imma Forino
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Know How ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Design ◽  
Italian Design ◽  
Office Furniture ◽  
Selection Of

In Italy the history of modern equipment design has shifted between ‘mass production and one-off’, as architects Gio Ponti and Antonio Fornaroli wrote in an article in the magazine Domus (1948). Starting from this important reflection by the two Italian architects, the article takes into consideration the case study of office furniture.The aim of the article is to identify the cultural landscape of Italian design during the twentieth century, taking into consideration the example of the office desk as fil rouge of the history of design in Italy.The methodology adopted is deductive: starting from the selection of some case studies (desks designed for some elitist furnishings or, vice versa, for serial reproduction) and in relation to the architectural and cultural context in which they were created, some key concepts are deduced in order to understand the progressive adherence of Italian architects to the idea of modernity, and then to the massification of industrial design. New materials and ancient ‘know-how’ have merged into projects that have distinguished the history of design in Italy as original.The conclusion highlights how in the history of Italian office furniture as a multi-faceted history, where elite furniture can become a democratic product, until it becomes part of the contemporary office.

scholarly journals Building a Knowledge Base for the Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
Sarah Nurse ◽  
Jakub Bijak
Keyword(s):  
Research Process ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Migration Route ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Formal Modelling ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractIn this chapter, after summarising the key conceptual challenges related to the measurement of asylum migration, we briefly outline the history of recent migration flows from Syria to Europe. This case study is intended to guide the development of a model of migration route formation, used throughout this book as an illustration of the proposed model-based research process. Subsequently, for the case study, we offer an overview of the available data types, making a distinction between the sources related to the migration processes, as well as to the context within which migration occurs. We then propose a framework for assessing different aspects of data, based on a review of similar approaches suggested in the literature, and this framework is subsequently applied to a selection of available data sources. The chapter concludes with specific recommendations for using the different forms of data in formal modelling, including in the uncertainty assessment.

scholarly journals Deutsche Teil- und Regrammatikalisierung

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-47
Author(s):  
John Ole Askedal
Keyword(s):  
Initial Position ◽  
Middle High German ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Old High German ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Syntactic Status ◽  
The Way

The present paper deals with some putative cases of so-called ‘halted’ or ‘arrested grammaticalization’ in the history of German. The following phenomena are discussed: Old High German perfect auxiliaries; the modals ‘shall’, ‘will’ and the transformative copula werden as sources of future auxiliaries in Old, Middle and New High German; some shortened verb forms in Middle High German; the Old High German etc. pronoun of identity der selbo used as a demonstrative or personal pronoun; the inflection of determiners, quantifiers and adjectives in New High German; Old High German thô, dô and Middle High German ez as syntactic ‘place-holders’ in sentence-initial position; the syntactic status of the German so-called ‘ethical dative’; and the demise of Old High German -lîhho, Middle High German -lîche as an adverb-forming suffix. It is claimed that certain general language-specific, ‘characterological’ patterns influence the way in which the grammaticalization developments in question are halted or, sometimes, given another direction by way of regrammaticalization.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SHRINES PROPERTIES USING REMOTE SENSING APPROACH: CASE STUDY OF LEMBAH BUJANG

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shairatul Akma Roslan ◽  
Norzailawati Mohd Noor ◽  
Alias Abdullah ◽  
Zuraini Md Ali
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Reflection Measurement ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Remote Sensing Techniques ◽  
Selection Of

The heritage of Lembah Bujang, Kedah is important as a starting point to understand the origins and history of civilization in Malaysia. This research is to analyze the spectral reflectance of shrines properties in an identified area by using remote sensing techniques in conserving this cultural heritage site. The remote sensing device (Spectroradiometer) was used to measure the spectral reflectance of the source of shrines in the study area. This tool was applied for reflectance’s test over properties such as ancient brick, granite, literates and iron in a different two study areas consist of Lembah Bujang and Kompleks Sungai Batu. Remote sensing test properties demonstrate that discrimination of properties types of each civilization is possible through reflection measurement, but that discrimination is complicated by surface conditions, such as weathering and lichen growth. Comparison between clays, granite and iron show that clays to be more reflective than granite and iron. This result will help more in our further study on detecting these properties direct through remote sensing imagery and will be helpful in developing new indexes and selection of threshold value on shrines material in the case study of Lembah Bujang.

Three diachronic sources for the development of -erei-based synthetic compounds in German

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-370
Author(s):  
Martina Werner
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Book Reading ◽  
German Language ◽  
Middle High German ◽  
Old High German ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Free Spirit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Sources

This article investigates the historical development of synthetic compounds with the suffix -erei, such as German Buchleserei ‘book reading’. Synthetic compounding has been attested in older language stages of German, as in Old High German kirihwihî ‘church consecration’ or Middle High German bluotspîunge ‘blood spitting’. In the history of the German language, synthetic compounds are the last step in the development of a nominalizing suffix. Suffixes attach first to simplex bases (such as German Leserei ‘reading’), and only afterwards can they form synthetic compounds with a compound base (such as Bücherleserei ‘reading of books’). The development of verbal synthetic compounding results from three different sources: a) a suffixal pattern based on compound nominals (such as exocentric Freigeist ‘free spirit’ becomes Freigeisterei ‘free spiritedness’), where the pattern develops the ability to nominalize VPs (such as Nichtstuerei ‘doing nothing’); b) root compounds which develop the ability to take a deverbal head suffixed by -erei (such as Venus–Nascherey ‘Venusian nibbling’); and c) low-frequency - erei-compounds which originate from inherited idiomatic compound verbs (such as Ehebrecherei ‘adultery’, lit. ‘marriage-breakery’ > ehebrechen (V) ‘to commit adultery’, lit. ‘to marriage-break’). The paper delineates the three developments for different word formation types which lead to the morphological distribution of present-day German.

scholarly journals Selection of arbitrarily scaled cross-sections in bending stiffness design

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-125
Author(s):  
D Pasini ◽  
D J Smith ◽  
S C Burgess
Keyword(s):  
General Solution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Selection Procedure ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Buckling Instability ◽  
Stiffness Design ◽  
Selection Of

Performance indices can be used to model the relative structural efficiency of different cross-sectional shapes. Performance indices have been previously defined mainly for structural cross-sections that are scaled proportionally in size. This paper extends the method of performance indices by allowing scaling of cross-sections in any direction. A novel feature of the method described in this paper is the inclusion of the space envelope as a design parameter. The first part of the paper gives a derivation of the general solution for the performance index. The second part presents a graphical selection procedure and discusses the efficiency limits of cross-sections due to buckling instability. It concludes with a case study to demonstrate the method.

The History of the Third Nasal Phoneme of Modern German

PMLA ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Penzl
Keyword(s):  
Middle High German ◽  
Final Position ◽  
Old High German ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early New High German ◽  
Phonemic Status

The distributional environment of the nasal phoneme /ŋ/, compared to those of /n/ /m/, is restricted in Modem German but reflects its origin from an allophone (variant) of /n/ before velar consonants. The phoneme developed first in medial position through the loss of /g/ in the cluster /ng/; in final position the frequent replacement of /g/ by its fortis counterpart /k/ largely prevented this loss. Late Old High German n-spellings (e.g., sinen), particularly in the 11th-century Physiologus, are the first evidence for the /ŋ/-phoneme, which generally continues, however, to be written ng (singeri). Middle High German assonances made medial/ŋŋ/ likely, which is still found in some Swiss dialects. Descriptive statements by Early New High German grammarians clearly reveal the phonemic status of /ŋ/.

scholarly journals Portugalska Rewolucja Goździków w 1974 roku. Przyczyny-przebieg-następstwa

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-222
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kubiak
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Authoritarian State ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
Selection Of

Streszczenie 25 kwietnia 1974 w Lizbonie rozpoczął się wojskowy zamach stanu wymierzony w autorytarne państwo. Odniósł błyskawiczny sukces. Przejęcie władzy przez wojsko rozpoczęło ciąg niezwykle turbulentnych wydarzeń o kluczowym znaczeniu dla przyszłości państwa. Za zakończenie owego okresu uznać można 25 listopada 1975 roku.  Wtedy to również wojsko udaremniło kolejną próbę zamachu organizowaną przez oficerów o radykalnie lewicowych poglądach. Celem artykułu jest dokonanie rekonstrukcji przyczyn, które doprowadziły do zamachu oraz omówienie przebiegu wydarzeń między kwietniem 1974 roku a listopadem roku następnego. Okres ten określany jest w artykule mianem Rewolucji goździków. Autor posłużył się metodą studium przypadku, w wariancie ukierunkowanym nie tylko na opis, ale również na zaprezentowanie kontekstu badanego zjawiska. Podłużono się opracowaniami w języku portugalskimi angielskim, a także wyborem portugalskich dokumentów i aktów prawnych. AbstractOn April 25 1974 the military coup d'état aimed at the authoritarian state started in Lisboan. The rebels achieved an instant success. The takeover of power by the military started a series of extremely turbulent events of key importance for the future of the state. The end of this period can be considered November 25 1975. It was also then that the military foiled another attempted conducted by officers with radical leftist views. The aim of the article is to reconstruct the causes that led to the coup d'état in April 1974, to discuss the course of events between April 1974 and November of the following year. The period is referred to in this article as the Revolution cloves. The paper presents the consequences of these events for the further history of the Portugal. The author used the case study method in a variant aimed not only at description but also at presenting the context of the phenomenon under study. The studies in Portuguese and English, as well as the selection of Portuguese documents and legal acts, were extended.  

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