Neutrophil and monocyte ratios to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and adiponectin as biomarkers of nascent metabolic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishwarlal Jialal ◽  
Ganesh Jialal ◽  
Beverley Adams-Huet ◽  
Neeraj Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Density ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Complete Blood Counts ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) continues to be a significant problem globally, affecting nearly 35% of adults in the USA. Whilst there is no ideal biomarker that captures this disorder, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) appears to be most widely accepted. We examined the ratios between neutrophils (PMNs) and monocytes to high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and adiponectin, two anti-inflammatory proteins, in patients with nascent MetS without the confounding of diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), smoking or lipid therapy to determine if they were also valid biomarkers of MetS.Materials and methodsPatients with nascent MetS (n = 58) and matched controls (n = 44) were recruited from Sacramento County. Fasting blood samples were obtained for complete blood counts, basic metabolic panel, lipid profile, insulin and adiponectin. Ratios of PMNs and monocytes to HDL-C and adiponectin were calculated and compared statistically.ResultsThe PMN:HDL-C, monocyte:HDL-C, PMN:adiponectin and monocyte:adiponectin ratios were significantly increased in patients with MetS and increased with increasing severity of MetS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that both the PMN:HDL-C and monocyte:HDL-C areas under the curve (AUCs) significantly added to the CRP AUC. Also both the ratios correlated with cardio-metabolic features of MetS, hsCRP and insulin resistance.ConclusionsOur data indicates that ratios of neutrophils and monocytes to HDL-C are significantly increased in patients with nascent MetS and both ratios appear to be better predictors of MetS than hsCRP alone. These important preliminary findings need to be confirmed in large prospective databases.

scholarly journals Is There Any Association Between Uric Acid to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Erectile Dysfunction?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilay Karabulut ◽  
Mustafa Gürkan Yenice
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Group 3

Objective: Elevated uric acid (UA) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are associated with cardiovascular events and mortality. Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been considered an early marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the uric acid/ HDL ratio (UHR) as a nowel marker in patients with ED. Materials and Methods: The study included 147 patients with a mean age of 50 years (range 32-76 years). Retrospective analyses were performed on the patients who were admitted to urology outpatient clinics. The laboratory parameter results were retrieved from the hospital medical records, and the UHR value was calculated. Patients were categorized into three groups according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score. UHR was compared between groups, and its predictive value was evaluated using regression analysis and ROC curve analysis. Results: Age was found to be significantly different in all three groups (Groups 1-2, p=0.001; Groups 1-3, p=0.000; Groups 2-3, p=0.001). It was observed that the degree of ED increased with age. The values of UA and HDL were similar in all groups (p>0.05). In contrast, the UHR value was statistically significantly higher 0.15 (0.083-0.288, p =0.047) in the moderate-severe ED (Group 3). ROC curve analyses revealed that UHR predicted severe ED (IIEF 5-11) with 42.9% sensitivity and 87.3% specificity (AUC:0.66, CI 95% 0.538-0.781, p=0.019). Conclusion: UHR may serve as a severe ED indicator in patients admitted to the cardiology outpatient clinic since it has a significant association with a low IIEF score.

Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 931-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Huang ◽  
Roy Parish ◽  
Ishak Mansi ◽  
Herbert Yu ◽  
Estela M. Kennen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Artery Disease

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MS) represents a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that includes hypertriglyceridemia. Although low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is the critical therapeutic target in patients with coronary artery disease, LDL cannot be calculated in those with excessive hypertriglyceridemia. Non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) does not require LDL for calculation and may be an alternative therapeutic target in MS. The purpose of this study was to determine non-HDL cholesterol in relation to other lipid components and comorbidities in MS patients.MethodsA cross-sectional chart review on 928 public hospital patients was performed.ResultsMetabolic syndrome was present in 53% of all patients. Among those with MS, 87% had triglyceride level of greater than 150 mg/dL, 85% had low HDL, 71% had LDL of greater than 100 mg/dL, and 74% had non-HDL of greater than 130 mg/dL. The level of non-HDL cholesterol, but not total cholesterol or LDL cholesterol, was significantly higher (P < 0.05) and less at goal (P < 0.0001) in patients with MS. Diagnoses of coronary artery disease, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes were significantly more prevalent in MS patients (P < 0.0001).ConclusionCompared with those without MS, non-HDL level was significantly higher and undertargeted in patients with MS, in parallel with significantly higher prevalence of comorbidities.

scholarly journals SAT-656 Both Neutrophil and Monocyte Ratios to High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Are Superior Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Ramakrishnan ◽  
Ganesh Jialal ◽  
Ishwarlal Jialal
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) continues to be a significant problem globally, affecting nearly 35% of adults in the USA. Whilst there is no ideal biomarker that captures this disorder high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is the most widely accepted measure.We examined the ratios between the phagocytes, neutrophils(PMN)and monocytes, to high density lipoprotein (HDL) and adiponectin, two anti-inflammatory proteins, in patients with nascent MetS without the confounding of T2DM, ASCVD, smoking or lipid therapy to determine if they were valid biomarkers of MetS. Patients with nascent MetS(n=58) and matched controls(n=44) were recruited from Sacramento County. Patients with diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation (hsCRP &gt;10mg/L or leukocytosis), smoking, anti-inflammatory and hypolipidemic drug therapies were excluded. Fasting blood samples were obtained for complete blood counts, basic metabolic panel, lipid profile, insulin adiponectin, leptin and chemerin. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated from glucose and insulin levels. Ratios of PMN and monocytes to HDL-C and Adiponectin were calculated and compared statistically. PMN: HDL-C and Monocyte: HDL-C, increased in patients with MetS compared to controls (p&lt;0.0001 and p=0.001 respectively).Also the PMN: Adiponectin and monocyte: Adiponectin ratios were significantly increased in MetS (p=0.006 and 0.02 respectively). All ratios increased with increasing severity of MetS (p=0.01). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that both the PMN/HDL-C and monocyte: HDL-C area under the curve(AUC)(0.85 and 0.84 respectively) significantly added to the CRP AUC(0.75), p=0.01 for both. Neither leukocyte: Adiponectin AUC was significant compared to hsCRP. Also both ratios to HDL-C correlated with cardio-metabolic features of MetS, hsCRP and insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) (p&lt;0.05). Whilst the PMN:HDL-C ratio correlated with leptin, and chemerin the monocyte: HDL-C ratio correlated significantly with chemerin only (p&lt;0.05) Our cross-sectional study indicates that ratios of neutrophils and monocytes to HDL-C are significantly increased in patients with nascent MetS, increase with severity of MetS, correlate positively with inflammation and insulin resistance and both ratios appear to be better predictors of MetS than hsCRP. In conclusion, they provide a cost-effective measure of Metabolic Syndrome and should be confirmed in larger data bases and prospective studies.

scholarly journals High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Efflux Capacity and Atherosclerosis in Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiological Aspects and Pharmacological Perspectives

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 574
Author(s):  
Maria Pia Adorni ◽  
Nicoletta Ronda ◽  
Franco Bernini ◽  
Francesca Zimetti
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux Capacity

Over the years, the relationship between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and atherosclerosis, initially highlighted by the Framingham study, has been revealed to be extremely complex, due to the multiple HDL functions involved in atheroprotection. Among them, HDL cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC), the ability of HDL to promote cell cholesterol efflux from cells, has emerged as a better predictor of cardiovascular (CV) risk compared to merely plasma HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. HDL CEC is impaired in many genetic and pathological conditions associated to high CV risk such as dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, endocrine disorders, etc. The present review describes the current knowledge on HDL CEC modifications in these conditions, focusing on the most recent human studies and on genetic and pathophysiologic aspects. In addition, the most relevant strategies possibly modulating HDL CEC, including lifestyle modifications, as well as nutraceutical and pharmacological interventions, will be discussed. The objective of this review is to help understanding whether, from the current evidence, HDL CEC may be considered as a valid biomarker of CV risk and a potential pharmacological target for novel therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Dyslipidemia in Children and Adolescents in Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Dyslipidemia, a genetic and multifactorial disorder of lipoprotein metabolism, is defined by elevations in levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C), triglyceride, or some combination thereof, as well as lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia in children and adolescents in the Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted as a part of the national project implemented in Yazd Greater Area, Yazd, Iran. The sampling was performed using a multi-stage cluster sampling method on three age groups of girls and boys (6-9, 10-14, and 15-18 years old). Out of the total 1,035 children and adolescents who participated in this study, only 784 participants remained in the study until the end. Data collection was performed using lifestyle questionnaires including Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version. Results: The prevalence of high triglyceride was estimated at 1.4% and 4.2% in 6-9 and 10-18 years old children and adolescents, respectively. The prevalence of high cholesterol, LDL, and HDL was 3.2%, 3.2%, and 25.6%, respectively. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the total population of children and adolescents in terms of demographic variables was 64.6% and 57.3% in boys and girls, respectively (P=0.038). Gender and increase in body mass index were significantly associated with dyslipidemia with OR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.01-1.81 and OR=13.781; 95% CI: 3.78- 46.43, respectively. However, after adjustment for other factors, only an increase in BMI was significantly associated with dyslipidemia (OR=16.08; 95% CI: 4.49-57.59). Conclusions: Overweight and obese adolescents had a higher concentration of serum blood triglycerides, compared to other adolescents. Weight control, lifestyle modification, and diet are three ways to reduce lipid disorders in adolescents.

scholarly journals Risk factors for metabolic syndrome in adolescents / Fatores de risco para síndrome metabólica em adolescentes /

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ana Roberta Vilarouca da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
International Diabetes Federation ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Adult Treatment ◽  
Adult Treatment Panel ◽  
Sindrome Metabolica

No Brasil, a Síndrome Metabólica (SM) é desconhecida em várias regiões, e pouco estudada em diferentes populações. Isso porque, é proveniente da globalização, indicador inerente à modificação do estilo de vida da sociedade. Esta síndrome associa-se a Doenças Crônicas Não-Transmissíveis (DCNT), especialmente as cardiovasculares. E por ser multifatorial, destacam-se os níveis pressóricos e glicêmicos elevados, fatores-problema no desenvolvimento de complicações. A SM é um transtorno complexo representado por um conjunto de fatores de risco cardiovascular (a hipertensão arterial, a dislipidemia, a obesidade visceral e as manifestações de disfunção endotelial), usualmente relacionados à disposição central de gordura e à resistência à insulina(1). As três principais definições clínicas da SM em adultos utilizadas são as propostas pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), pelo National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) e pela International Diabetes Federation (IDF)(2). E em adolescentes existem adaptações(3-4). Assim, são fatores de risco para SM agregação de excesso de peso ou adiposidade central, hipertensão arterial, elevação dos triglicerídeos, diminuição do colesterol HDL (high density lipoprotein) e intolerância à glicose/resistência à insulina/diabetes mellitus tipo II (DMII). A prevalência de síndrome metabólica é variável, em função dos diferentes critérios diagnósticos utilizados. Na população pediátrica, as frequências de síndrome metabólica variam de 4,2% a 9,2%, com aumento na prevalência quando se consideram crianças e adolescentes obesos para 17,3% e 35,5%. Alguns estudos destacam que os componentes mais frequentes no diagnóstico de síndrome metabólica são a aumentada circunferência abdominal (88,1%) e pressão arterial (47,5%), seguidos de maior concentração de triglicerídeos (23,4%) e de baixo HDL-colesterol (23,3%)(5). Em se tratando do estado do Piauí, a busca à literatura revelou que até o presente momento, existe uma pesquisa em conclusão com foco na SM entre universitários e outras que iniciaram em 2014 com escolares, incluindo crianças e adolescentes de escolas públicas e privadas. Consequentemente, ainda não se conhece a sua prevalência nesses locais, assim como, não se conhece a prevalência da SM em populações específicas, como em adolescentes escolares. Levando em consideração as informações descritas anteriormente sobre os possíveis agravos que a SM pode causar, a associação às doenças cardiovasculares e ao DM2, acredita-se que a pesquisa sobre os fatores de risco para SM seja de extrema importância ao trazer dados iniciais sobre a SM, o que deverá suscitar o planejamento e a implementação de ações que tenham impacto na promoção da saúde dos estudantes.

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