“The Uprising” Novel Map. Real and Imaginary Space in Liviu Rebreanu’s Vision

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
Theodor Cepraga
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representations ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Literary Imagination ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Real ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Geographical Space

Abstract The literary works represent a genuine source for researching and understanding the geographical space. Most of the time, this space is perceived and figured in various ways by the different authors referring to it. When available, the best way to study these mental representations is by using maps created by the authors themselves. This article concentrates on Liviu Rebreanu’s novel “The Uprising” and on the map which helped him to better depict the plot and the characters. The cartographical representation was created by Liviu Rebreanu and was published together with other drafts from the author’s personal archive. The paper analyzes the map using cartographical, historical and literary sources with the aim of understanding how the author reshaped the real space to better suit his literary imagination. In the end, the study explains how these kind of maps could be interpreted using a geocritical approach.

“Christ’s mighty shrine above His martyr’s tomb”: Byron and Liszt’s Journey to Rome

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Paul W. Merrick
Keyword(s):  
Literary Works ◽  
The Real ◽  
English Poet ◽  
Byronic Hero ◽  
Public Enemy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Narrative Poem ◽  
Positive Force

The influence of Byron on Liszt was enormous, as is generally acknowledged. In particular the First Book of the Années de pèlerinage shows the poet’s influence in its choice of Byron epigraphs in English for four of the set of nine pieces. In his years of travel as a virtuoso pianist Liszt often referred to “mon byronisme.” The work by Byron that most affected Liszt is the long narrative poem Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage which was translated into many languages, including French. The word “pèlerinage” that replaced “voyageur” is a Byronic identity in Liszt’s thinking. The Byronic hero as Liszt saw him and imitated him in for example Mazeppa and Tasso is a figure who represented a positive force, suffering and perhaps a revolutionary, but definitely not a public enemy. Liszt’s life, viewed as a musical pilgrimage, led of course to Rome. Is it possible that Byron even influenced him in this direction? In this paper I try to give a portrait of the real Byron that hides behind the poseur of his literary works, and suggest that what drew Liszt to the English poet was precisely the man whom he sensed behind the artistic mask. Byron was not musical, but he was religious — as emerges from his life and his letters, a life which caused scandal to his English contemporaries. But today we can see that part of the youthful genius of the rebel Byron was his boldness in the face of hypocrisy and compromise — his heroism was simply to be true. In this we can see a parallel with the Liszt who left the piano and composed Christus. What look like incompatibilities are simply the connection between action and contemplation — between the journey and the goal. Byron, in fact, can help us follow the ligne intérieure which Liszt talked about in the 1830s.

scholarly journals Current Trends in Random Walks on Random Lattices

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1148
Author(s):  
Jewgeni H. Dshalalow ◽  
Ryan T. White
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Random Walks ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Escape Time ◽  
The Real ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
One Step ◽  
Time Position

In a classical random walk model, a walker moves through a deterministic d-dimensional integer lattice in one step at a time, without drifting in any direction. In a more advanced setting, a walker randomly moves over a randomly configured (non equidistant) lattice jumping a random number of steps. In some further variants, there is a limited access walker’s moves. That is, the walker’s movements are not available in real time. Instead, the observations are limited to some random epochs resulting in a delayed information about the real-time position of the walker, its escape time, and location outside a bounded subset of the real space. In this case we target the virtual first passage (or escape) time. Thus, unlike standard random walk problems, rather than crossing the boundary, we deal with the walker’s escape location arbitrarily distant from the boundary. In this paper, we give a short historical background on random walk, discuss various directions in the development of random walk theory, and survey most of our results obtained in the last 25–30 years, including the very recent ones dated 2020–21. Among different applications of such random walks, we discuss stock markets, stochastic networks, games, and queueing.

Eulerian partial-differential-equation methods for complex-valued eikonals in attenuating media

Geophysics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-53
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Hu ◽  
Jianliang Qian ◽  
Jian Song ◽  
Min Ouyang ◽  
Junxing Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Partial Differential Equation ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Advection Equation ◽  
Partial Differential ◽  
The Real ◽  
Eikonal Function ◽  
Complex Valued

Seismic waves in earth media usually undergo attenuation, causing energy losses and phase distortions. In the regime of high-frequency asymptotics, a complex-valued eikonal is an essential ingredient for describing wave propagation in attenuating media, where the real and imaginary parts of the eikonal function capture dispersion effects and amplitude attenuation of seismic waves, respectively. Conventionally, such a complex-valued eikonal is mainly computed either by tracing rays exactly in complex space or by tracing rays approximately in real space so that the resulting eikonal is distributed irregularly in real space. However, seismic data processing methods, such as prestack depth migration and tomography, usually require uniformly distributed complex-valued eikonals. Therefore, we propose a unified framework to Eulerianize several popular approximate real-space ray-tracing methods for complex-valued eikonals so that the real and imaginary parts of the eikonal function satisfy the classical real-space eikonal equation and a novel real-space advection equation, respectively, and we dub the resulting method the Eulerian partial-differential-equation method. We further develop highly efficient high-order methods to solve these two equations by using the factorization idea and the Lax-Friedrichs weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) schemes. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed method yields highly accurate complex-valued eikonals, analogous to those from ray-tracing methods. The proposed methods can be useful for migration and tomography in attenuating media.

Challenging structure determination from powder diffraction data: two pharmaceutical salts and one cocrystal with Z′ = 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Schlesinger ◽  
Michael Bolte ◽  
Martin U. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Structure Determination ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
The Real ◽  
Pharmaceutical Salts ◽  
Structure Solution ◽  
Space Method

Abstract Structure solution of molecular crystals from powder diffraction data by real-space methods becomes challenging when the total number of degrees of freedom (DoF) for molecular position, orientation and intramolecular torsions exceeds a value of 20. Here we describe the structure determination from powder diffraction data of three pharmaceutical salts or cocrystals, each with four molecules per asymmetric unit on general position: Lamivudine camphorsulfonate (1, P 21, Z=4, Z′=2; 31 DoF), Theophylline benzamide (2, P 41, Z=8, Z′=2; 23 DoF) and Aminoglutethimide camphorsulfonate hemihydrate [3, P 21, Z=4, Z′=2; 31 DoF (if the H2O molecule is ignored)]. In the salts 1 and 3 the cations and anions have two intramolecular DoF each. The molecules in the cocrystal 2 are rigid. The structures of 1 and 2 could be solved without major problems by DASH using simulated annealing. For compound 3, indexing, space group determination and Pawley fit proceeded without problems, but the structure could not be solved by the real-space method, despite extensive trials. By chance, a single crystal of 3 was obtained and the structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. A post-analysis revealed that the failure of the real-space method could neither be explained by common sources of error such as incorrect indexing, wrong space group, phase impurities, preferred orientation, spottiness or wrong assumptions on the molecular geometry or other user errors, nor by the real-space method itself. Finally, is turned out that the structure solution failed because of problems in the extraction of the integrated reflection intensities in the Pawley fit. With suitable extracted reflection intensities the structure of 3 could be determined in a routine way.

Urban Literature: A User’s Guide

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-805
Author(s):  
Carlo Rotella
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Literary Imagination ◽  
Urban Literature ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
Sister Carrie ◽  
The City

This article addresses urbanists in various fields—history, the social sciences, planning, and more—who are interested in incorporating literary works into their teaching and research and may be looking for critical approaches that connect such work to their own expertise. It begins from the premise that the traits that make a city a city present writers with opportunities to tell stories, experiment with form, make meaning, and otherwise exercise the literary imagination. When we use “urban literature” as a category of analysis, when we try to identify relationships between cities and the writing produced in and about them, we are asserting that this writing takes shape around confronting the city as a formal, social, and conceptual challenge. This article explores examples of texts ranging from Sister Carrie to I Am Legend and beyond that engage signature urban processes such as urbanization, development, and the dense overlap of orders.

scholarly journals Vuoret ja kaupunki vastakohtaisina tiloina Alisa Ganijevan teoksissa

2016 ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Anni Lappela
Keyword(s):  
Central Element ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Real ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
The City ◽  
Geographical Space

Mountains and City as Contrary Spaces in the Prose of Alisa Ganieva I analyze Alisa Ganieva’s novel Prazdnichnaia gora (2012) and her novella Salam tebe, Dalgat! (2010) from a geocritical (Westphal, Tally) point of view. Ganieva was born in 1985 in Moscow, but she grew up in Dagestan, in North Caucasia. Since 2002, she has lived in Moscow. All Ganieva’s novels are set in present-day Dagestan, not only in the capital Makhachkala but also in the countryside.  I study the ways the two main spaces and main milieus, the mountains and the city, oppose each other in Prazdnichnaia gora. I also analyze how this opposition constructs the utopian and dystopian discourses of the novel. In this high/low opposition, the mountains appear as the utopian place of a better future, and the city in the lowlands is depicted as a dystopian place of the present-day life. The texts’ multilayered time is also part of my analysis, which follows Westphal’s idea of the stratigraphy of time. Furthermore, the mountains are associated with the traditional way of life and the Soviet past. In this way, the mountains have two kinds of roles in the texts. Nevertheless, the city is a central element of the postcolonial dystopian discourse of Prazdnichnaia gora. In my opinion, Ganieva’s texts problematize referentiality, one of the key concepts of geocriticism. Whilst the city tends to be very referential, the mountains escape the referential relationship to the “real” geographical space.

scholarly journals Imagology of Iranians in One Thousand Nights and One Night

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ghabool ◽  
Mina Ravansalar
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Real Image ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Arabic Translation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Definition Of

Imagology is a branch of comparative literature which explores the image of one nation in the literature of another nation. One Thousand Nights and One Night is among the important books which can show the image of different nations and people such as Indians, Iranians and Arabs. Since the oldest version of the book is in Arabic, it is considered an Arabic literary work though it was translated from a Persian tale in the first place. On this basis the study of the image of Iranians in One Thousand Nights and One Night can be included under the definition of imagology. In this article, first we explain, analyze and study the image of Iranians in the book One Thousand Nights and One Night with respect to 1. anthropology (including entertainments, personification of animals, disapprobation of lies and betrayal of spouses), 2. religious and mythical beliefs (including the belief in daevas and jinnis, magic, fire-worshipping and similar plots), 3. politics (emphasizing the position of vizier and his family in government), 4. economics (emphasizing economic prosperity), then we will compare the collected information with the image of Iranians in credited works and in this way we will identify the similarities and differences of Iranians’ image in One Thousand Nights and One Night and the above-said literary works. Finally we come to this conclusion that the similarities belong to the real image of Iranians in the pre-Islamic days and that differences show the image of post-Islamic Iran which is added through Arabic translation.

scholarly journals Technological displacement: The Coat Check interactive augmented reality installation in perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysegul Koc
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
The Real ◽  
Technological Displacement

Technological Displacement: The Coat Check Interactive AR Installation in Perspective is a two-part dissertation that involves the research/creation of an augmented reality installation and a textual critique of displacement both as a socio-cultural phenomenon and a technology-driven status quo. Digital technologies involve a series of displacements from data storage and transfer to creating global networks. Going hand in hand with human mobilities technological displacement affects our lives and interactions deeply. Multimedia and digital overlaying of information and interconnectedness (mobile devices, tracking technologies, the internet...) make up our quotidian in various degrees, impelling us to be 'present' in time and places we actually are not. Technological displacement may be viewed as an extension of physical displacement of individuals and communities in that the need to reconcile, re-invent and innovatively market proximity becomes more and more an underlying theme of contemporary lives. Nowhere the reorientations of presence is more accentuated than 'augmented space', as described by Lev Manovich, "a physical space overlaid with dynamically changing information, multimedia in form and localized for each user." (219) It may be argued that our sense of reality is already 'augmented' by digital stimuli in many ways. Here I make the case that in an augmented or digitally enhanced environment we are displaced multiple times, or "multiplaced". Augmentation is superimposing multimedia to real space, blurring the boundary between the real and the virtual, creating a heterogeneous space defined neither by the standards of the virtual nor the real but the coexistence and cooperation of both. Augmented reality functions on the principle of multiple displacements in that real space is not a backdrop to multimedia: it is indispensable to the overall embodied experience. I created the Coat Check in 2011 using motion tracking technologies (Intersense IS900), specialized cameras (Point Grey 360 degree Spherical Vision Camera), screens (Fog Screen), software (Max/MSP), tools and applications (Snapdragon AR). The conceptualization of The Coat Check is based on an analogy between digital technologies and coat checks that are both storage, retrieval and displacement systems. The Coat Check also raises questions on identity and history as it refers to belonging, temporality, and mobility.

scholarly journals Technological displacement: The Coat Check interactive augmented reality installation in perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysegul Koc
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Physical Space ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
The Real ◽  
Technological Displacement

Technological Displacement: The Coat Check Interactive AR Installation in Perspective is a two-part dissertation that involves the research/creation of an augmented reality installation and a textual critique of displacement both as a socio-cultural phenomenon and a technology-driven status quo. Digital technologies involve a series of displacements from data storage and transfer to creating global networks. Going hand in hand with human mobilities technological displacement affects our lives and interactions deeply. Multimedia and digital overlaying of information and interconnectedness (mobile devices, tracking technologies, the internet...) make up our quotidian in various degrees, impelling us to be 'present' in time and places we actually are not. Technological displacement may be viewed as an extension of physical displacement of individuals and communities in that the need to reconcile, re-invent and innovatively market proximity becomes more and more an underlying theme of contemporary lives. Nowhere the reorientations of presence is more accentuated than 'augmented space', as described by Lev Manovich, "a physical space overlaid with dynamically changing information, multimedia in form and localized for each user." (219) It may be argued that our sense of reality is already 'augmented' by digital stimuli in many ways. Here I make the case that in an augmented or digitally enhanced environment we are displaced multiple times, or "multiplaced". Augmentation is superimposing multimedia to real space, blurring the boundary between the real and the virtual, creating a heterogeneous space defined neither by the standards of the virtual nor the real but the coexistence and cooperation of both. Augmented reality functions on the principle of multiple displacements in that real space is not a backdrop to multimedia: it is indispensable to the overall embodied experience. I created the Coat Check in 2011 using motion tracking technologies (Intersense IS900), specialized cameras (Point Grey 360 degree Spherical Vision Camera), screens (Fog Screen), software (Max/MSP), tools and applications (Snapdragon AR). The conceptualization of The Coat Check is based on an analogy between digital technologies and coat checks that are both storage, retrieval and displacement systems. The Coat Check also raises questions on identity and history as it refers to belonging, temporality, and mobility.

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