scholarly journals The Impact of Information on Willingness to Pay and Quantity Choices for Meat and Meat Substitute

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Castellari ◽  
Stéphan Marette ◽  
Daniele Moro ◽  
Paolo Sckokai
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Lab Experiment ◽  
Meat Substitute ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Beef Burger ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We evaluate the impact of different types of information on participants' willingness-to-pay (WTP) and quantity choices for both beef and soy burger meat. To this end, we conducted a lab experiment to elicit WTP with multiple-price lists and chosen quantities of two products in a basket. Participants were provided with explanatory messages regarding the impact of beef and soy on health and environment before successive rounds of WTP determinations and quantity choices. Results show a weak impact of successive rounds of messages on WTP for both beef and soy, while leading to higher relative variations for chosen quantities. These relative changes in both WTP and quantities are then combined for computing the value of information. Results show a relatively low value of information compared to the expenditure for beef. In the last section of the paper we evaluate the effect of the introduction of a beef burger labeled “Fed without GMO” on WTP and quantity choices. Results underline a weak impact of “Fed without GMO” label on changing participants' preferences.

Information Traffic and Information Effectiveness

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bixia Xu ◽  
Zhulin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Input Process ◽  
Investor Attention ◽  
Economic Downturns ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Process Output ◽  
Concept Of Information ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Search engines are among the most important information technology (IT) applications and platforms on which to conduct information search. This study contributes by investigating whether and how the search engine-enabled information search is related to accounting information effectiveness. We develop the concept of information traffic to conceptualize investor IT-enabled information search activities and to explore whether the searches captured by this concept provide any insights for understanding and enhancing accounting information effectiveness. Building upon the input-process-output model (Maines and McDaniel 2000) and with a sample of 59 accounting information items, we report that information items with higher information traffic have greater ability to explain and predict firm market value (i.e., higher information effectiveness). The impact of information traffic on information effectiveness is higher for economic upturns than for economic downturns and differs among different types of information. We propose a conceptual measure that integrates both information traffic and information effectiveness to capture information relative importance and to suggest empirically an order in importance of the ten types of information we investigate. Our dynamic analysis of information traffic reveals a significant increase of investor IT-enabled information search in the post-financial-crisis period. It also shows higher search increases for accounting items that received previously scant investor attention.

How much is a calorie worth? A study of willingness to pay for calorie labels in restaurant menus

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
SANA RAFIQ
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Health Related ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Caloric Consumption ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWe asked individuals about their willingness to pay (WTP) either: (1) for a mandate requiring restaurants to post calorie information on their menus; or (2) to avoid such a mandate. On average, more people were in in favor of the mandate and were willing to pay four times more than those who were against it, thereby leading to a Kaldor–Hicks improvement from this policy. To ensure robustness, we tested the impact of providing three types of information during individuals’ WTP determinations: (1) visual examples of the proposed calorie labels; (2) data on their effectiveness at the individual level; and (3) data on their wider social and economic benefits. For those in favor, providing a simple visual of the label had no impact on WTP. Data on the individual effectiveness of the labels increased the WTP, while evidence on broader obesity reduction and economic benefits reduced it. For opponents, WTP did not change with provision of additional information except when provided with information on social and economic benefits. Under this condition, the opponents increased their WTP 12-fold to avoid a mandate of this policy. Finally, we measured individual well-being under this policy and found directionally similar results, confirming a net improvement in aggregate welfare. Our results suggest that messaging that focuses on private benefits (providing calorie information so that individuals can effectively choose to reduce excessive caloric consumption) rather than wider public benefits (reduction in overall health-related costs and obesity) is more likely to be effective.

Informing Principals: The Impact of Different Types of Information on Principals’ Perceptions of Professional School Counselors

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 2156759X0901200
Author(s):  
Wade C. Leuwerke ◽  
Janice Walker ◽  
Qi Shi
Keyword(s):  
School Counselors ◽  
Professional School ◽  
System Support ◽  
Asca National Model ◽  
Different Types ◽  
National Model ◽  
Guidance Curriculum ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Principals Perceptions

The study in this article provided principals with different types of information about professional school counseling and examined the impact on their perceptions. Results demonstrated that information about the ASCA National Model® influenced principals’ perceptions of the amount of time counselors should allocate to delivery of the guidance curriculum, system support, and responsive services, as well as ratings of the importance of performing inappropriate tasks in meeting the education mission of the school.

scholarly journals What, where, when, what for and how? (Reflections on Pragmatic Adaptation)

2021 ◽  
pp. 266-279
Author(s):  
Olga V. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Language Text

The article discusses the problem of choosing ways and means of pragmatic adaptation in translating a text. The relevance of the topic is due to the necessity to facilitate cross-cultural communication in view of the increased intensity and diversity of forms of international contacts. The definition of pragmatic adaptation as the actions of a translator aimed at adapting the source language text to its perception by a recipient belonging to a different culture, does not answer the questions of when and how a translator can and should change the text in order to preserve the pragmatic potential of the original. The aim of the article is to analyze the problems arising in translating texts requiring pragmatic adaptation and evaluate the impact of different types of pragmatic adaptation on reproducing the pragmatic potential of the original and achieving the possible purposes of translation. In order to do it an experiment was carried out: a text was translated in four different ways with different means used for its pragmatic adaptation, and the translations were compared. The results of the experiment show that the choice of pragmatic adaptation methods and techniques is determined not by the type of text or the type of adaptation, as is usually believed, but by the specific purpose for which the text is translated. Thus, when translating a literary text, which always contains factual, conceptual, emotional, aesthetic, and cultural information, the choice between the naturalness of the text, the preservation of the author’s style, the completeness of the content and the communication of culturally relevant information means, in fact, setting different accents. The means of pragmatic adaptation used by the translator depend entirely on the prioritization of these types of information, in other words, on the purpose of translation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Focusing on Different Features During Encoding on Young and Older Adults’ Source Memory

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen J. Mitchell ◽  
Erin M. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Source Memory ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experienced Difficulty

AbstractAge-related source memory deficits result, in part, because young and older adults attend to different information. We asked whether focusing young and older adults‘ attention on specific features at encoding would result in similar subjective experiences of the vividness of the features and how this might affect source memory. Ratings of the vividness of visual detail, emotion, and associations were similar for young and older adults both when they were perceiving pictures and when they were thinking about them after a brief delay. Although young adults had better source memory than older adults, source accuracy did not differ depending on feature attended, and correlations between ratings and source memory showed that focus on the different types of information was equally predictive of source memory accuracy for young and older adults. Although preliminary, the results suggest that when attention is focused on specific information at encoding, young and older adults later use the various categories of source-specifying information similarly in making source attributions. Nevertheless, older adults did worse on the source test, suggesting they had less discriminable source information overall, this information was not well bound, and/or they experienced difficulty in strategic retrieval and monitoring processes.

The Ambiguous Impact of Information Related to Fish Sustainability

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphan Marette
Keyword(s):  
Negative Information ◽  
Canned Tuna ◽  
Marine Stewardship Council ◽  
Canned Fish ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Fish sustainability raises many questions regarding the impact of both generic information and ecolabels on citizens’ consumption. An experiment was conducted in France to evaluate the impact of different types of information on participants’ WTP for canned fish. For starting the experiment, participants bid for canned tuna and sardines, sold without any quality labels. Explanatory messages on health and sustainability were delivered by balancing positive and negative information, and varying the order of information across subgroups. It is shown that only negative descriptions, including the ones on sustainability, lead to significant reductions in WTP for both tuna and sardines. In the second part of the experiment, participants received a new set of canned tuna, with or without quality labels. We observe a significantly higher WTP for canned tuna sold with the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) label compared to the WTP for canned tuna sold without any label. This positive premium for such a label indicating the fish sustainability differs from results in the first part of the experiment, in which, for sardines, the only significant message leads to a reduction in WTP, even if sardines are relatively healthy and sustainable.

scholarly journals Perceived impact of information signals on opinions about gluten-free diets

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0248570
Author(s):  
Franklin Bailey Norwood
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Free Section

Understanding how people assimilate different types of information for food choices is integral to improving knowledge about diet and human health. This study evaluates the impact that 10 information signals have on the perceived healthiness of gluten. Signals include non-social signals such as personal eating experiences, scientific studies, and advice from doctors, but also includes social signals such as recommendations from attractive people, social media, the layout of a grocery store, and celebrities. An online survey of over 1,000 Americans is administered using indirect questioning where subjects are presented with a hypothetical other person and asked how the various signals would impact that person’s opinion of gluten-free diets. Results show that advice from an attractive person is thought to have a slightly larger impact than reading about a new study regarding gluten, and seeing a grocery store develop a new gluten-free section has a larger impact than learning a celebrity consumes a gluten-free diet.

The Impact of Information Visualisation on the Quality of Information in Business Decision-Making

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alenka Zabukovec ◽  
Jurij Jaklič
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Value Of Information ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Business Decision ◽  
Information Visualisation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

The visualisation of information for business decision-making is a relatively understudied area despite the promising benefits. Previous research confirms the value of information visualisation. Still, the mechanisms of the impacts on the quality of information are poorly understood. Therefore, the authors examine the impact of the quality and quantity of information visualisation on the quality of the content and access to information among different types of users and for various types of use. The results show the varying importance of the quality and quantity of visualisation for the quality of information and that there are statistically significant differences between groups of decision-makers and decision-making in various situations. Information visualisation adjustments for different user perceptual types and for various business decision-making situations can increase the quality of information and potentially lead to the faster and more accurate receipt and processing of business information.

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