Leaf paste of Telfairia occidentalis favourably modulates deleterious effects associated with exposure to diethylnitrosamine in male Wistar rats

Author(s):  
Solomon E. Owumi ◽  
Jeremiah O. Olugbami ◽  
Andrew O. Akinnifesi ◽  
Oyeronke A. Odunola

Abstract Objectives Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is found in workplaces, processed meats, tobacco smoke, whiskey, etc. It is capable of forming DNA-adducts. Fluted pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis [To]) is a medicinal plant, and its herbal preparations have been employed variously in ethnomedicine. Furthermore, it has been reported to possess anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory properties. We investigated the possible mitigating effect of the leaf paste of To on DEN-induced deleterious effects in male Wistar rats. Methods Forty-five rats weighing between 100 and 150 g were equally divided into nine groups and treated thus: Group 1 (negative control), Group 2 (0.05 mg/kg carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC] daily), Group 3 (positive control, 25 mg/kg bw DEN administered intraperitoneally thrice per week), Group 4 (25 mg/kg bw quercetin [QUE] daily alone), Groups 5 and 6 (100 and 200 mg/kg bw To daily, respectively), Group 7 (25 mg/kg bw DEN and QUE), Groups 8 and 9 (25 mg/kg bw DEN with 100 and 200 mg/kg bw To, respectively). Blood glucose levels, liver damage biomarkers (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and gamma-glutamyltransferase [γ-GT]), frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (mPCEs), and liver histology were assessed. Results DEN significantly (p<0.05) increased blood glucose levels, activities of ALT, AST and γ-GT, and frequency of mPCEs. Histologically, DEN caused a severe architectural anarchy. However, the intervention groups demonstrated the remarkable protective properties of To by ameliorating the adverse effects caused by DEN. Conclusions Taken together, the leaf paste of To is capable of mitigating DEN-induced hepatotoxicity and clastogenicity in male Wistar rats.

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Verawaty Verawaty ◽  
Dhea Claudia Novel

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan yang diinduksi aloksan. Hewan percobaan dibagi atas 5 kelompok diantaranya kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif,dosis I (280 mg/kgBB mencit), dosis II (560 mg/kg BB mencit), dosis III (840 mg/kg BB mencit). Penelitian dilakukan selama 21 hari. Persentase penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan setelah diberikan ekstrak etanol kulit petai pada hari ke-21 adalah dosis I (77,52 %) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan dosis II (69,5 %) dan dosis III (73,37 %). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji Two Way Anova dengan program SPSS 17. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit petai untuk tiga variasi dosis menyatakan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah mencit jantan.</p><p><em>Petai (Parkia speciosa Hassk) has a compound β-sitosterol and stigmasterol that have efficacy to decreased blood glucose levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of petai peel for decrease blood glucose levels of male mice induced by alloxan. Experimental animals were divided into 5 groups including negative control group, positive control group, the first dose (280 mg/kg in mice), the second dose (560 mg/kg in mice), the third dose (840 mg/kg in mice). The study was conducted for 21 days. After 21 days, the result found that the percentage of blood glucose levels after the male mice given the ethanol extract of petai peel was, the first dose (77.52%) biger than the second dose (69.5%) and the third dose (73.37%). The data obtained were analyzed by Two Way ANOVA using SPSS 17. The results showed that have signicantly difference between three dose variation of ethanol extract of petai peel in blood glucose levels.</em></p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardus B.A. Prakoso ◽  
Christi Mambo ◽  
Mona P. Wowor

Abstract: Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is one of many herbal medicine that have been used worldwide to prevent and treat diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of garlic bulbs extract administration on elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) induced by alloxan. The subject in this research were male Wistar rats with total of 15 samples divided into 5 groups, consisting of one negative control group, one positive control group who were induce by 130 mg/kgBW of alloxan that cause the Rats in conditions of hyperglycemic, and three groups of Rats were given okra extract with dose of 0.375 ml/100 gBW of rat, 0.75 ml/100 gBW of rat , and 1.5 ml/100 gBW of rat. Blood glucose levels was measured on day zero, day one and day two every thirty minutes on 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and every six hours on 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24. Data from the measurement showed that 0.375 ml/100 gBW, 0.75 ml/100 gBW , and 1.5 ml/100 gBW of okra extract can’t reduce elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats.Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus, okra, blood glucose levels, alloxan Abstrak: Buah Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) diyakini masyarakat sebagai salah satu tanaman obat yang mampu mencegah dan mengobati penyakit diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah pemberian ekstrak buah okra dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus Wistar (R. norvegicus) yang diinduksi aloksan. Subjek penelitian berupa tikus Wistar berjumlah 15 ekor yang dibagi dalam 5 kelompok, terdiri atas satu kelompok kontrol negatif, satu kelompok kontrol positif yang diberi aloksan dengan dosis 130 mg/kgBB yang menyebabkan tikus Wistar dalam keadaan hiperglikemik yang kemudian diinsuksi insulin, dan tiga kelompok Tikus hiperglikemik diberi ekstrak buah okra dengan dosis 0,375 ml/100 gBB tikus, 0,75 ml/100 gBB tikus, dan 1,5 ml/100 gBB tikus. Data diperoleh dari pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah pada semua kelompok tikus Wistar pada hari ke nol, pertama, dan kedua pada menit ke-0, 30, 60, 90, 120 dan jam ke-0, 6, 12, 18, dan 24. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak buah okra dengan dosis 0,375 ml/100 gBB tikus, 0,75 ml/100 gBB tikus, dan 1,5 ml/100 gBB tikus tidak mempunyai efek menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus Wistar. Kata kunci: abelmoschus esculentus, buah okra, kadar glukosa darah, aloksan


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Herviani Sari ◽  
Vera Estefania Kaban ◽  
Friska Raulina Situmorang ◽  
Firdaus Fahdi

Purpose: To determine the effect of decreasing blood glucose levels in white rats using a combination of meniran and rosella compared to glibenclamide. Method: This research was carried out experimentally. Simplicia of meniran leaves and rosella macerated using 80% ethanol. The research used 21 rats that were induced by alloxan and divided into 7 groups and all compared using glibenclamide.Group 1 (negative control) CMC Na 1%, group 2 (positive control) glibenclamide dose 0.45 mg/kgMB, group 3 single roselle extract dose 130 mg/kgMB, group 4 single meniran leaf extract dose 200 mg/kgMB, group 5 combination of meniran leaf extract dose of 100 mg/kgMB and rosella extract dose of 65 mg/kgMB, group 6 combination of meniran leaf extract dose of 200 mg/kgMB and rosella extract dose of 130 mg/kgMB, and group 7 meniran leaf extract combination dose 400 mg/kgMB and rosella extract dose 195 mg/kgMB. Result: The results showed that rats had hyperglycemia after being induced by alloxan.Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA method followed by LSD and tukeys' B post hoct test. Having a difference in the decrease in blood glucose levels between the positive control group and the five doses of meniran extract and rosella gave a significant effect compared to the negative control group did not have a significant effect in reducing blood glucose levels. Conclusion: Single meniran extract and high-dose combination extract are more effective than glibenclamide.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Herviani Sari ◽  
Vera Estefania Kaban ◽  
Friska Raulina Situmorang ◽  
Firdaus Fahdi

Background : Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by the body's inability to produce the hormone insulin or due to ineffective use of insulin production. Diabetes has become a global problem, DM prevalence of 4.6%, estimated in 2000 amounted to 5.6 million. One of the plants that can reduce blood glucose levels is meniran and rosella which are found in Indonesia. Objective : To determine the effect of decreasing blood glucose levels in white rats using a combination of meniran and rosella compared to glibenclamide.Method : This research was carried out experimentally. Simplicia of meniran leaves and rosella macerated using 80% ethanol. The research used 21 rats that were induced by alloxan and divided into 7 groups and all compared using glibenclamide.Group 1 (negative control) CMC Na 1%, group 2 (positive control) glibenclamide dose 0.45 mg / kgBB, group 3 single roselle extract dose 130 mg / kgBB, group 4 single meniran leaf extract dose 200 mg / kgBB, group 5 combination of meniran leaf extract dose of 100 mg / kgBB and rosella extract dose of 65 mg / kgBB, group 6 combination of meniran leaf extract dose of 200 mg / kgBB and rosella extract dose of 130 mg / kgBB, and group 7 meniran leaf extract combination dose 400 mg / kgBB and rosella extract dose 195 mg / kgBB. Result : The results showed that rats had hyperglycemia after being induced by alloxan.Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA method followed by LSD and tukeys' B post hoct test. Having a difference in the decrease in blood glucose levels between the positive control group and the five doses of meniran extract and rosella where p <0.05 gave a significant effect compared to the negative control group p> 0.05 did not have a significant effect in reducing blood glucose levels. Conclusion : Single meniran extract and high-dose combination extract are more effective than glibenclamide.


Author(s):  
Sarah Zaidan ◽  
Ria Debby Bp ◽  
Syamsudin Abdillah

 Objective: The research to investigate that the source of Leucaena leucocephala can lower blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic mice.Methods: In this study, 42 mice were divided into 7 groups each consisted of 6 mice: Normal Group I, Group II (metformin positive control), Group III (negative control), Group IV (sauce of L. leucocephala at a dose of 0.1 ml), Group V (sauce of L. leucocephala at a dose of 0.2 ml), Group VI (sauce of L. leucocephala with doses of 0.4 ml), and Group VII (sauce of L. leucocephala at a dose of 0.8 ml). The dosage of Group II, IV, V, VI, and VII was orally administered. Blood glucose levels in mice were observed during normal conditions and after administration of 200 mg/kg bw alloxan intraperitoneally (alloxan-induced mice). On day 0, 3, 7, and 14, blood was taken from the tail and glucose levels were measured with a glucometer.Results: Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by LSD test. Based on the results, the sauce at a dose of 0.8 ml was able to lower the blood glucose levels up to normal blood glucose levels.Conclusion: There was not significantly different between the groups given sauce of L. leucocephala at a dose of 0.8 ml with the group given metformin (positive control).


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimbi Putri Cahya ◽  
Christi Mambo ◽  
Mona P. Wowor

Abstract: Garlic (A. sativumL.) is one of many herbal medicine that have been used worldwide to prevent and treat a lot of disease, for example to treat diabetes mellitus. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of garlic bulbs extract administration on elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) induced by alloxan. The subjects inthis research were male Wistar rats with total of 18 samples divided into six groups as follows negative control group and five hyperglycemic groups induced by 130 mg/kgBW of alloxan. Garlic bulbs extract was administered with dose of 3 mg/200 gBW of rat, 6 mg/200 gBW of rats, and 12 mg/200 gBW on each groups of hyperglycemic rats, insulin analogue was administered on positive control groups of hyperglycemic rats, and only alloxan was given to the last group. Blood glucose levels was measured on day zero, day one and day two every six hours on 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24. Data from the measurement showed that 6 mg/200 gBW and 12 mg/200 gBW of garlic bulbs extract can reduce elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats. Garlic bulbs extract has shown effect on reducing elevated blood glucose levels on Wistar rats induced by alloxan.Keywords: Allium sativum L., Garlic Bulbs, Blood Glucose Levels, AlloxanAbstrak: Bawang putih (A. Sativum L.) diyakini masyarakat sebagai salah satu tanaman obat yang mampu mencegah dan mengobati berbagai penyakit, salah satunya diabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah pemberian ekstrak umbi bawang putih dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus Wistar (R. norvegicus) yang diinduksi aloksan. Subjek penelitian berupa tikus Wistar jantan berjumlah 18 ekor yang dibagi dalam 6 kelompok, terdiri atas satu kelompok kontrol negatif dan lima kelompok tikus Wistar yang diberi aloksan dengan dosis 130 mg/kgBB yang menyebabkan tikus Wistar dalam keadaan hiperglikemik. Tikus hiperglikemik diberi ekstrak umbi bawang putih dengan dosis 3 mg/200 gBB tikus, 6 mg/200 gBB tikus, dan 12 mg/200 gBB tikus, kelompok kontrol positif diberi analog insulin, dan satu kelompok hanya diberi aloksan. Data diperoleh dari pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah pada semua kelompok tikus Wistar pada hari ke nol, pertama, dan kedua pada jam ke-0, 6, 12, 18, dan 24. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak umbi bawang putih dengan dosis 6 mg/200 gBB tikus dan 12 mg/200 gBB tikus mempunyai efek menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus Wistar.Kata kunci: Allium sativum L., Umbi Bawang Putih, Kadar Glukosa Darah, Aloksan


Author(s):  
RATNA DJAMIL ◽  
SARAH ZAIDAN ◽  
DENI RAHMAT ◽  
DIAH KARTIKA PRATAMI ◽  
FELIX HAKIM

Objective: Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) has potential antidiabetic activity. This study created a nanoemulsion of okra extract (NOE) and examined its activity on alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus in mice. Methods: Okra was macerated with 70% ethanol and dried in a rotary evaporator into the crude extract. The extract was encapsulated in a solution of glyceryl caprylate, propylene glycol, and glycerine to form a nanoemulsion. To determine the antihyperglycaemic effect of okra extract, 35 male mice (Mus musculus L.) were divided into seven groups: a non-diabetic normal control group and six diabetic mice groups (untreated negative control, glibenclamide-treated positive control, and four treatments with okra ethanol extract (OEE) at 200 and 400 mg/kg BW and NOE at 200 and 400 mg/kg BW). Results: The group treated with NOE at 400 mg/kg BW (NOE400) had the lowest average blood glucose level of 93.4 mg/dL among hyperglycaemic mice. The decrease in blood glucose levels in NOE400 (52.05%) was significantly different from those in the positive control (42.63%) and OEE treatments (39.32%). The nanoemulsion used in this study fulfills quality requirements, with a mean particle size of 134.7 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.512, and a zeta value of −26.72 mV. Conclusion: NOE reduced blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic mice better than OEE. Nanoemulsion can improve the antidiabetic activity of okra extract by increasing penetration of active compounds into interstitial space so that their delivery and bioavailability are higher.


Jurnal BIOMA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Yanuar Restu Wijaya ◽  
Koekoeh Santoso ◽  
Isdoni Isdoni ◽  
Atin Supiyani

Excessive energi consumption play a role in increasing blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), due to the inability of the hormone insulin to compensate the high blood glucose levels. Blood glucose receptor found in the hypothalamus of VMH (Ventro Medial Hypothalamus) and LH (the Lateral Hypothalamus) is able to detect and change the settings for the feeding activity. The aim of this study was to obtain the relationship between high sucrose feeding on male Wistar rats of behavior and activity. This method uses Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) as an animal model. Sixteen rats were grouped into 4 treatment groups. The first group was given additional feed 20% sucrose, the second group was given additional feed 40% sucrose, a third group was given additional feed 60% sucrose, and the last as a control group. This feed given continuously for 70 days.Observation of activities conducted using Opto-varimex® auto-track system ver.4.31. The results showed an corellation between activity based doses of sucrose.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Irene Puspa Dewi ◽  
Roza Septriani ◽  
Verawaty Verawaty ◽  
Dwi Mulyani

<p><em>Research has been conducted on the antihyperglycemic of yogurt in male white mice. Yogurt contains probiotics that have a positive effect on both type 1 and types 2 diabetes mellitus. Yogurt is given for 3 weeks at a dose of 200 grams / Kg BW / day and 400 grams / Kg BW / day to mice that have been alloxan-induced. As a comparison, a positive control group was created, the alloxan-induced mice group, but not given yogurt and a negative control group, the mice group without any treatment. After 3 weeks of treatment with yogurt, it was found that there was a significant difference between the average blood glucose levels in the mice of the 200 grams/ Kg BW group and the 400 grams / Kg BW dose with the positive control group. From the data on the percentage increase in blood glucose levels of mice, it is known that by giving yogurt for 3 weeks, reducing the high percentage of increase in blood glucose levels in mice. From these data, it can be concluded that the administration of yogurt with a dose of 200 grams / Kg / day and 400 grams / Kg / day can help reduce blood glucose levels in alloxan-induced mice.</em></p><p> </p><p><em>Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai daya antihiperglikemia yogurt pada mencit putih jantan. Yogurt mengandung probiotik  yang memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap diabetes mellitus baik tipe 1 maupun tipe 2. Yogurt diberikan selama 3 minggu dengan dosis 200/Kg BB/hari dan 400 gram/Kg BB/hari kepada mencit yang telah diinduksi aloksan. Sebagai pembanding dibuat kelompok kontrol positif yaitu kelompok mencit yang diinduksi aloksan, namun tidak diberi yogurt dan kelompok kontrol negatif, yaitu kelompok mencit tanpa perlakuan apapun. Setelah 3 minggu perlakuan dengan yogurt, didapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara rata-rata kadar glukosa darah mencit kelompok dosis 200 gram/Kg BB dan dosis 400 gram/Kg BB dengan kelompok kontrol postif. Dari data persentase kenaikan kadar glukosa darah mencit, diketahui bahwa dengan pemberian yogurt selama 3 minggu, mengurangi tingginya persentase kenaikan kadar glukosa darah mencit.dari data-data tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian yogurt dengan dosis 200 gram/Kg BB/hari dan 400 gram/Kg BB/hari dapat membantu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah mencit yang diinduksi aloksan.</em></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Olney Leite Fontes ◽  
Fátima Cristiane Lopes Goularte Farhat ◽  
Amarilys Toledo Cesar ◽  
Marilisa Guimarães Lara ◽  
Maria Imaculada Lima Montebelo ◽  
...  

Aims: Homeopaths diverge on the concept of dose, i.e. the amount of drug that a patient must take to alter his or her state of disease. In order to stimulate reflections on this concept, this study sought to evaluate in vivo the effect of different concentrations of Arsenicum album 6cH prepared according to homeopathic pharmacotechnics. Methods: male Wistar rats were intoxicated with arsenic and then treated with Arsenicum album 6cH and Arsenicum album 6cH diluted at 1%, administered orally. The amount of arsenic retained in the animals’ organism and that eliminated by urine were measured through atomic absorption spectroscopy. Samples of urine were collected before and after intoxication and during treatment. The positive control group (intoxicated animals) and the negative control group (non-intoxicated animals) received only the vehicle used in the preparation of the medicine. Results: Groups treated with Arsenicum album 6cH and Arsenicum album 6cH diluted at 1% eliminated significant amounts of arsenic when compared to the control groups. The group treated with Arsenicum album 6cH eliminated significantly higher amounts of arsenic than the group treated with the diluted medicine at 1%. Conclusion: results suggest that Arsenicum album 6cH should not be diluted as not to compromise its effectiveness in the treatment of rats intoxicated with arsenic.


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