Anxiety, depression and self-esteem levels in obese children: a case-control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seda Topçu ◽  
Filiz Şimşek Orhon ◽  
Meltem Tayfun ◽  
Seyit Ahmet Uçaktürk ◽  
Fatma Demirel
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObesity is a global health problem affecting all age groups. Childhood obesity, which may cause chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and cancer, etc., deserves more attention. However, few studies highlight the association between childhood obesity and psychological diseases. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the psychological condition in obese children.One hundred and sixty-seven obese (body mass index (BMI) >95th percentile) and 200 normal weight children (BMI between 5th and 85th percentile) aged 9–16 years were enrolled into this case-control study. In order to assess the self-concept, anxiety and depression levels: the Piers-Harris Children’s Self-Concept Scale (PHCSCS), state and trait anxiety inventory for children (STAI-C) and the children depression inventory (CDI) were administered both obese and control groups.There were significant differences among obese and control groups in terms of the total score of PHCSCS [55 (22–69) versus 65 (57–74)], STAI-C [37 (20–55) versus 28 (20–42)], and CDI [12 (4–39)] versus [8 (3–19)]; respectively (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001). We also found statistically significant differences among groups in all of the subscales parameters of PHCSCS (p<0.001).Our results indicate that obese children may experience psychiatric disorders more than normal-weight peers.

Dietary diversity score is inversely related to the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome in Tehranian women: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sahel Soodi ◽  
Seyed Ali Keshavarz ◽  
Sedighe Hosseini ◽  
Behnood Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Study

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age and is affected by various dietary factors. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary diversity score (DDS) and the risk of PCOS. Our case-control study was conducted in the summer and autumn of 2019 in Taleghani and Arash hospitals in Tehran, Iran. A total of 494 participants (203 cases and 291 controls) were included in the study. Thereafter, their demographic information, dietary intake, and anthropometric and physical activity assessments were gathered. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was then used to calculate the DDS by scoring 5 food groups. To evaluate the risk of PCOS in association with DDS, the subjects were categorized based on the quartile cut-off points of the DDS. The mean ± SD age of the participants in both the case and control groups was 28.98 ± 5.43 and 30.15 ± 6.21 years, while mean ± SD body mass index was 25.74 ± 5.44 and 23.65 ± 3.90 kg/m2, respectively. The comparison between the case and control groups indicated that total DDS was 5.19 ± 1.19 for the cases and 5.51 ± 1.19 for the controls. The comparison of DDS in the highest versus the lowest quartiles showed a decreased risk of PCOS (p < 0.05). We demonstrated an inverse association between DDS and PCOS compared with the control group. Furthermore, a higher DDS was significantly associated with a lower risk of PCOS (odds ratio = 0.40). Novelty: This is the first investigation on the relationship between DDS and PCOS. Results depicted an inverse relationship between DDS and PCOS.

scholarly journals Occupational stress and psychological health impact on hypertension of miners in noisy environment in Wulumuqi, China: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoqin Lu ◽  
Huan Yan ◽  
Jiandong Yang ◽  
Jiwen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Noisy Environment ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Hypertension has been declared as a global public health crisis by the World Health Organization, because of its high prevalence. It affects the health of one billion people worldwide and is directly responsible for the deaths of more than 10 million people per year. The purpose of our research was to explore the influence of occupational stress and psychological health on hypertension of miners who work in a noisy environment and provide decision reference for relevant departments to keep miners’ health. Methods A case-control study was carried out in this research. The study subjects were divided into case groups and control groups based on whether they had hypertension or not. Effort-Reward Imbalance questionnaire and Self-Reporting Inventory questionnaire were used to investigate the psychological health status and occupational stress of the target population. General information was balanced between case and control groups through propensity score matching method. After propensity score matching, a multifactorial analysis was used to explore the impact of occupational stress and psychological health on hypertension. Results According to the result of the multivariate analysis, psychological health was hazard to hypertension (t = 5.080, P<0.001) and occupational stress was not a direct risk factor for hypertension (t = 1.760, P = 0.080). The model was statistically significant (χ2 = 20.4, P<0.01). Conclusions For miners working in the noisy environment, psychological status was a direct risk factor to hypertension, while occupational stress was an indirect factor.

Association of influenza vaccination with reduced risk of venous thromboembolism

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 1259-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tienan Zhu ◽  
Laure Carcaillon ◽  
Isabelle Martinez ◽  
Jean-Pierre Cambou ◽  
Xavier Kyndt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Reduced Risk

SummaryInfluenza vaccination can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease, but its impact on the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) has not been studied. It was the aim of this study to investigate whether influenza vaccination reduces the risk of VTE. We conducted a case-control study involving 1,454 adults enrolled in 11 French centers between 2003 and 2007, comprising 727 consecutive cases with a first documented episode of VTE and 727 age- and sex-matched controls. In the case and control groups 202 (28.2%) and 233 (32.1%) subjects, respectively, had been vaccinated against influenza during the previous 12 months. After multivariate regression analysis, the odds ratios (OR) for VTE associated with vaccination were 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57–0.97) and 0.52 (95% CI, 0.32–0.85), respectively, for the whole population and for subjects aged 52 years or less. The protective effect of vaccination was similar for deep venous thrombosis (OR 0.9; 95% CI, 0.60–1.35) and pulmonary embolism (OR 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53–0.94) and for both provoked (OR 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53–0.97) and unprovoked VTE (OR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.59–1.23).This case-control study suggests that influenza vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of VTE.

scholarly journals Effect of Food Preference and Mothers Nutritional Knowledge on Obesity in Schoolgirls in Saudi Arabia: A Case-Control Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zainab Jaffar Al-Nass ◽  
Zeidan Abdu ZeidanAli ◽  
Hayfaa Abdelmageed Ahmed Wahabi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Control Study

Background: Childhood obesity is a major public health challenge of the 21st century. Obese children have double the risk of being obese adults than children who are of normal weight. Obese children bhave increased risks of developing hypertension, dyslipidemia, and other cardio-metabolic morbidities. Objectives: to investigate the effect of the children food knowledge and preferences on their BMI and the effects of mothers’ nutritional knowledge on their children’s BMI. Methods: A school-based case-control study design was carried out in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. Data collection was carried out from November 2017 to February 2018. A multistage stratified cluster random sampling technique was used. Four clusters (schools) were selected based on size and equal numbers of participants were included from each cluster. From each of grade 4th, 5th, and 6th, one class was selected randomly. The weight and height of each girl were recorded, BMI calculated, and the students were divided into obese/ overweight group and the normal weight group from which cases and control randomly selected thereafter. Out of total 442 students measured BMI, 348 were included in the study, 116 cases and 232 controls. Data were collected by face to face interview with the girl, and a self-administrated questionnaire was sent to the same student's mother. Determinants of girls' obesity were calculated using regression analysis. Results were presented as adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Result: After controlling for the confounding variables, more healthy food preferences in children and higher mother's knowledge were associated with 77% and 51% reduced odds of overweight-obesity (aOR = 0.23 95% CI 0.09–0.64 and aOR = 0.49 95% CI 0.33–0.71). Conclusion: Healthy food preferences among girls and adequate nutritional knowledge among their mothers were significantly associated with decreased obesity in girls. Limitations: The main limitations were its inability to assess causation and the potential for recall bias, especially in the questions related to behaviors; namely, physical activity and diet recall.

A Case-Control Study on the p73 G4A Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Breast Cancer in an Iranian Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Zahra GHOLIZADEH ◽  
Amin Reza NIKPOOR ◽  
Jalil TAVAKKOL AFSHARI ◽  
Rashin GANJALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Iranian Population ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: The tumor protein p73 (TP73) is a homolog of TP53 family. Ectopic p73 overexpression largely mimics p53 activities as a tumor suppressor and activates the transcription of p53-responsive genes and as a result induce apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the association between p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population. Methods: This case-control study was performed on 105 patients who admitted in educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran during 2013-2015, with breast cancer as case group and 120 healthy women as the control group. PCR-CTPP method was used to investigate the relationship between the p73 G4A polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer. Results: There was no significant association between the AA genotype of the p73 G4A polymorphism and breast cancer in case and control groups. Although G allele frequency was higher in the case group, the abundance of this allele between case and control groups was not statistically meaningful and, as a result, not associated with the risk of breast cancer in this study group. Conclusion: There was no association between G4A p73 polymorphism and the risk of breast cancer in a northeastern Iranian population.  

Association between the use of insecticide-treated bed net and malaria infection in Ende District, East Nusa Tenggara

2017 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
M. S. Sekunda ◽  
A. A. Sagung Sawitri ◽  
P. P. Januraga
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Bed Net ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Net Use ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background and purpose: Malaria is a public health problem in Eastern Indonesia, especially in East Nusa Tenggara. Insecticide-treated bed net was massively distributed in 2014, however the incidence of malaria in Ende District remains high. This study aims to examine association between the use of insecticide-treated bed net and malaria infection.Methods: A case control study was conducted in Wewaria Subdistrict, Ende District in 2016 involving 67 cases and 134 controls. Data on the use of insecticide-treated bed net which include methods of net use, net use practice, net maintenance and its current conditions were obtained through interviews and observations. Physical conditions of respondent’s house that include conditions of the wall, floor, window, ventilation, ceiling and lighting were also documented through observations. Data were analysed using logistic regression. Results: Cases and control groups were comparable for gender (p=1), age (p=0.9), education level (p=0.9) and occupation (p=0.6). This study found that five variables were associated with malaria infection: irregular use of the insecticide-treated bed net (AOR=4.08; 95%CI: 1.87-8.89), torn net (AOR=2.23; 95%CI: 1.10-4.54), inadequate lighting (AOR=3.64; 95%CI: 1.77-7.47), humid floor (AOR=3.02; 95%CI: 1.24-7.34) and holes or broken ceiling (AOR=2.41; 95%CI: 1.02-5.72).Conclusions: The use of insecticide-treated bed net and physical conditions of the house are risk factors for malaria infection.

scholarly journals Kinesiophobia Levels in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Case-Control Investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4791
Author(s):  
Ana María Jiménez-Cebrián ◽  
Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo ◽  
Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias ◽  
Carmen de Labra ◽  
César Calvo-Lobo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: Kinesiophobia can be an obstacle to physical and motor activity in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). PD affects patients’ independence in carrying out daily activities. It also impacts a patient’s biopsychosocial well-being. The objective of this study was to analyze the levels and scores of kinesiophobia in PD patients and compare them with healthy volunteers. Methods: We deployed a case-control study and recruited 124 subjects (mean age 69.18 ± 9.12). PD patients were recruited from a center of excellence for Parkinson’s disease (cases n = 62). Control subjects were recruited from the same hospital (control n = 62). Kinesiophobia total scores and categories were self-reported using the Spanish version of the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Results: Differences between cases and control groups were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were shown between groups when comparing kinesiophobia categories (or levels) and total scores, revealing higher kinesiophobia symptoms and levels in PD patients. All of the PD patients reported some degree of kinesiophobia (TSK-11 ≥ 18), while the majority of PD patients (77.3%) had kinesiophobia scores rated as moderate to severe (TSK-11 ≥ 25). On the other hand, ~45.1% of controls reported no or slight kinesiophobia and 53.2% reported moderate kinesiophobia. Conclusions: Total kinesiophobia scores were significantly higher in PD patients compared with healthy controls, with moderate to severe kinesiophobia levels prevailing in PD patients. Therefore, individuals living with PD should be evaluated and controlled in order to detect initial kinesiophobia symptoms.

Increased incidence of BK virus viraemia among patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis: a case–control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer Fuad Swedan
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Bk Virus ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Nucleic Acid Extraction ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

AimsIncidence of BK virus (BKV) viraemia, a major risk factor for nephropathy, among patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis remains poorly investigated. This case–control study evaluated the risk of infection by BKV, in addition to hepatitis C virus (HCV) among haemodialysis subjects (n=100), compared with age-matched controls (n=100).MethodsSubjects’ blood plasma samples were subjected to nucleic acid extraction, followed by real-time PCR to evaluate viraemia by BKV and HCV, while sera samples were subjected to ELISA, to identify IgG seropositivity for HCV.ResultsMean age±SD was 47.8±20.4 and 48.9±17.6 years for the haemodialysis and control groups, respectively. BKV and HCV viraemia was observed among 19% versus 8% (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.09 to 5.18; p=0.023) and 3% versus 0% (p=0.081) of the haemodialysis and control groups, respectively. Mean BK viral load±SD did not vary significantly among the two groups; 914.8±2868 versus 44.30±74.04 copies/mL for the haemodialysis and control groups, respectively (p=0.4041). HCV seropositivity rates were 6% versus 2% (p=0.149), among the haemodialysis and control groups, respectively.ConclusionsSubjects on haemodialysis may be at increased risk of nephropathy due to increased incidence of BK virus reactivations and may require optimisation of immunosuppressive therapy.

Hand Dexterity in Hospital Personnel with Multiple Needlestick Injuries

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 473-475
Author(s):  
J.E. Casanova ◽  
G.P. Barnas ◽  
J. Gollup ◽  
S. Schmitt ◽  
J.S. Casanova
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Hospital Personnel ◽  
Needlestick Injuries ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Hospital Employees ◽  
Hand Dexterity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To test the hypothesis that multiple needlestick injuries in hospital employees may he due to intrinsic deficits in hand dexterity.Design:A case-control study comparing employees with multiple reported needlestick injuries to those with none. Hand dexterity was tested using the Purdue Pegboard Test, a standardized validated test of hand dexterity.Setting:A 300-bed, acute care teaching hospital.Participants:Fifteen hospital employees who sustained four or more injuries were compared to 19 controls.Results:No differences were detected in hand dexterity between the case and control groups.Conclusions:While employees with multiple needlestick injuries accounted for 85% of reported injuries, underlying factors responsible for injuries in this high-risk subgroup do not include measurable deficits in hand dexterity.

scholarly journals Higher 90-Day Mortality after Surgery for Hip Fractures in Patients with COVID-19: A Case–Control Study from a Single Center in Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5205
Author(s):  
Alberto Grassi ◽  
Luca Andriolo ◽  
Davide Golinelli ◽  
Dario Tedesco ◽  
Simona Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Perioperative Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
And Control ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

The mortality of hip fracture (HF) patients is increased by concomitant COVID-19; however, evidence is limited to only short follow-up. A retrospective matched case–control study was designed with the aim to report the 90-day mortality and determine the hazard ratio (HR) of concomitant HF and COVID-19 infection. Cases were patients hospitalized for HF and diagnosed with COVID-19. Controls were patients hospitalized for HF not meeting the criteria for COVID-19 diagnosis and were individually matched with each case through a case–control (1:3) matching algorithm. A total of 89 HF patients were treated during the study period, and 14 of them were diagnosed as COVID-19 positive (overall 15.7%). Patients’ demographic, clinical, and surgical characteristics were similar between case and control groups. At 90 days after surgery, 5 deaths were registered among the 14 COVID-19 cases (35.7%) and 4 among the 42 HF controls (9.5%). COVID-19-positive cases had a higher risk of mortality at 30 days (HR = 4.51; p = 0.0490) and 90 days (HR = 4.50; p = 0.025) with respect to controls. Patients with concomitant HF and COVID-19 exhibit high perioperative mortality, which reaches a plateau of nearly 30–35% after 30 to 45 days and is stable up to 90 days. The mortality risk is more than four-fold higher in patients with COVID-19.

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