Gschmöis – Crowdsourcing grammatical data of Swiss German

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Hasse ◽  
Sandro Bachmann ◽  
Elvira Glaser
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Swiss German ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Phonological Features ◽  
Crowdsourced Data ◽  
German Data ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Collection Methods

Abstract In recent years, a number of applications on Swiss German have been released. They all crowdsource dialectological data, yet until recently their main focus has been on lexical and phonological features. In 2018, we launched the app gschmöis, an app designed to (1) give users an insight into dialectological research, and (2) collect Swiss German data on all linguistic levels, but with a strong emphasis on morphosyntactic phenomena. At the beginning, three rounds were published. Since then new rounds were published periodically. By including not only lexical and phonological features, we want speakers of Swiss German to become aware of differences in the grammar of various Swiss German dialects.The same linguistic phenomena are covered by multiple questions, and some of the questions are duplicated from more traditional projects, like atlas projects on Swiss German. This allows for comparison across different question types (i.e. translation tasks vs. multiple choice questions), different collection methods (fieldwork methods used in the SDS, written questionnaires used in the SADS, and crowdsourcing via the smartphone application gschmöis), and different groups of informants (NORMs vs. speakers of Swiss German of various gender and age groups). Furthermore, the older data of previous projects can directly be compared with the crowdsourced data, so that recent dialect change can be detected.

Measurement Invariance of Divergent Thinking Across Gender, Age, and School Forms

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg-Tobias Kuhn ◽  
Heinz Holling
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The present study explores the factorial structure and the degree of measurement invariance of 12 divergent thinking tests. In a large sample of German students (N = 1328), a three-factor model representing verbal, figural, and numerical divergent thinking was supported. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses revealed that partial strong measurement invariance was tenable across gender and age groups as well as school forms. Latent mean comparisons resulted in significantly higher divergent thinking skills for females and students in schools with higher mean IQ. Older students exhibited higher latent means on the verbal and figural factor, but not on the numerical factor. These results suggest that a domain-specific model of divergent thinking may be assumed, although further research is needed to elucidate the sources that negatively affect measurement invariance.

The past, present and future of food consumption databases

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (43) ◽  
pp. 1692-1700
Author(s):  
Viktória Szűcs ◽  
Erzsébet Szabó ◽  
Diána Bánáti
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
International Projects ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
The Eu

Results of the food consumption surveys are utilized in many areas, such as for example risk assessment, cognition of consumer trends, health education and planning of prevention projects. Standardization of national consumption data for international comparison is an important task. The intention work began in the 1970s. Because of the widespread utilization of food consumption data, many international projects have been done with the aim of their harmonization. The present study shows data collection methods for groups of the food consumption data, their utilization, furthermore, the stations of the international harmonization works in details. The authors underline that for the application of the food consumption data on the international level, it is crucial to harmonize the surveys’ parameters (e.g. time of data collection, method, number of participants, number of the analysed days and the age groups). For this purpose the efforts of the EU menu project, started in 2012, are promising. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1692–1700.

Fortuna

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Miano
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Good Fortune ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
And Gender

This book focuses on the Latin goddess Fortuna, one of the better known deities in ancient Italy. The earliest forms of her worship can be traced back to archaic Latium, and she was still a widely recognized allegorical figure during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The main reason for her longevity is that she was a conceptual deity, and had strong associations with chance and good fortune. When they were interacting with the goddess, communities, individuals, and gender and age groups were inevitably also interacting with the concept. These relations were not neutral: they allowed people to renegotiate the concept, enriching it with new meanings and challenging established ones. The geographical and chronological scope of this book is Italy from the archaic age to the late Republic. In this period Italy was a fragmented, multicultural and multilinguistic environment, characterized by a wide circulation of people, customs, and ideas, in which Rome played an increasingly dominant role. All available sources on Fortuna have been used: literary, epigraphic, and archaeological. The study of the goddess based on conceptual analysis will serve to construct a radically new picture of the historical development of this deity in the context of the cultural interactions taking place in ancient Italy. The book also aims at experimenting with a new approach to polytheism, based on the connection between gods and goddesses and concepts.

scholarly journals Different patterns of behavioural and emotional difficulties through adolescence: The influence of prosocial skills

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Ortuño-Sierra ◽  
Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero ◽  
Sylvia Sastre i Riba ◽  
José Muñiz
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cluster Solution ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Prosocial Skills ◽  
School Based ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Behavioural Patterns ◽  
Cluster Composition ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
Internalizing Difficulties

<p>The main purpose of the study was to examine the cluster composition of the analysis on the effect of gender and age of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in a large school-based sample of high school adolescents ranging from 14 to 18 years old (<em>N</em> =  1474). In order to do this, a K-means iterative cluster analysis was performed. A five-cluster solution turned out to be the most parsimonious in the differentiation of emotional and behavioural patterns. A five-cluster solution yielded the following patterns: “No difficulties and high prosocial scores” (<em>n </em>= 418; 28.36%), “high difficulties and low prosocial scores” (<em>n</em> = 239; 16.21%), “high on hyperactivity, low on the rest of the difficulties subscales, and high in prosocial capabilities” (<em>n</em> = 302; 20.49%), “high on emotional and peer problems, relatively low on conduct and hyperactivity, and high in prosocial capabilities” (<em>n</em> = 275; 18.66%), and finally “hyperactivity problems and average in the others difficulties subscales, and in prosocial capabilities” (<em>n</em> = 239; 16.21%). This cluster solution was replicated attending to the same gender and age groups. Nevertheless, differences in the distribution of the cluster composition suggest that difficulties differ by gender and age. The results allow for the conclusion that men reveal a greater number of problems of an externalizing nature whereas women indicate a greater degree of problems with internalizing difficulties and prosocial skills.</p>

scholarly journals The pediatric patient at a maxillofacial service: eye prosthesis

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Silva Câmara Mattos ◽  
Maria Cecília Montagna ◽  
Clemente da Silva Fernandes ◽  
Antonio Carlos Lorenz Sabóia
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Child Patient ◽  
Eye Prosthesis ◽  
School Of Dentistry ◽  
Prosthetic Eye ◽  
Orbital Region

Congenital absence or loss of the ocular globe during childhood causes psycho-social and cosmetic disorders and compromise the normal development of the orbital region. The literature relating to congenital or acquired etiology, due to trauma or disease, demonstrates the necessity of prevention and early detection in order to minimize the sequelae and disturbances in orbital growth. Installation of an eye prosthesis is essential to the rehabilitation process, so as to produce satisfactory development of the region. In order to characterize a profile of the child patient with this condition, a survey was carried out at the Prosthetic Eye sector, Out-patient Clinic, Discipline of Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FOUSP), during the period from 1988 to 2003. The 124 (14.02%) patients within the age group of 0-13 years registered for ocular prosthesis were divided into a first group of 64 patients (51.62%) with 0-7 years, and a second group of 60 patients (48.38%) with 8-13 years. Fifty nine were girls and 65 were boys. No statistical significance was observed regarding the distribution of genders in the two analyzed age groups (p = 0.069). However, there was statistical significance at the level of 0.01 in relation to etiology, with higher prevalence of congenital and pathological disturbances in the younger group and traumatic occurrences in the older group. The etiology also presented variation according to the gender, at the significance level of 0.05, where girls presented three times less trauma than boys in the older age group. The necessity of prosthetic ocular repair was evenly distributed along the childhood period and the eye losses that required prosthetic treatment equally affected both genders. However, the etiology of eye loss varied according to the considered gender and age bracket.

scholarly journals Use and traditional knowledge of Byrsonima crassifolia and B. coccolobifolia (Malpighiaceae) in a Makuxi community of the Roraima savanna, northern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Leonardo Costa de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Veridiana Vizoni SCUDELLER ◽  
Reinaldo Imbrozio BARBOSA
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Byrsonima Crassifolia ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Indigenous Land

ABSTRACT Byrsonima crassifolia and B. coccolobifolia, popularly known as mirixis, muricis, mantecos or nances, are common fruit species in the Amazonian savannas. Their fruits are used in the preparation of juices and other beverages, while the other parts of the plants are used for different purposes in some indigenous communities. The aim of the present ethnobotanical study was to investigate the knowledge and traditional uses of mirixis in the Darora Indigenous Community, of the Makuxi ethnicity, in the São Marcos Indigenous Land, state of Roraima, northern Brazil. The knowledge on these species among the residents was analyzed considering their gender and age. A survey was carried out by means of semi-structured interviews with 60 respondents (36 men and 24 women), between 18 and 84 years of age. Data from the interviewees was compared between genders and two age groups (< 40 and ≥ 40 years of age). Ethnobotanical indices (Informant diversity value; Informant equability value) were calculated, and no significant differences were found in the diversity of uses between genders (U = 283.0000, p > 0.05) and age groups (U = 359.5000, p > 0.05), indicating that the knowledge on the species is evenly distributed among residents. Results show that both species are used for different purposes in the food, fuelwood and medicinal categories in the Darora Community, and this knowledge is widely shared among adult men and women of all ages.

scholarly journals Validity, reliability, and measurement invariance of an adapted short version of the HIV stigma scale among perinatally HIV infected adolescents at the Kenyan coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley W. Wanjala ◽  
Derrick Ssewanyana ◽  
Patrick N. Mwangala ◽  
Carophine Nasambu ◽  
Esther Chongwo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Stigma Scale ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Kenyan Coast

Abstract Background There is a dearth of instruments that have been developed and validated for use with children living with HIV under the age of 17 years in the Kenyan context. We examined the psychometric properties and measurement invariance of a short version of the Berger HIV stigma scale administered to perinatally HIV-infected adolescents in a rural setting on the Kenyan coast. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 201 perinatally HIV-infected adolescents aged 12–17 years between November 2017 and October 2018. A short version of the Berger HIV stigma scale (HSS-40) containing twelve items (HSS-12) covering the four dimensions of stigma was evaluated. The psychometric assessment included exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and multi-group CFA. Additionally, scale reliability was evaluated as internal consistency by calculating Cronbach’s alpha. Results Evaluation of the reliability and construct validity of the HSS-12 indicated insufficient reliability on three of the four subscales. Consequently, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify problematic items and determine ways to enhance the scale’s reliability. Based on the EFA results, two items were dropped. The Swahili version of this new 10-item HIV stigma scale (HSS-10) demonstrated excellent internal consistency with a Cronbach alpha of 0.86 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84–0.89). Confirmatory Factor Analysis indicated that a unidimensional model best fitted the data. The HSS-10 presented a good fit (overall Comparative Fit Index = 0.976, Tucker Lewis Index = 0.969, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.040, Standardised Root Mean Residual = 0.045). Additionally, multi-group CFA indicated measurement invariance across gender and age groups at the strict invariance level as ΔCFI was ≤ 0.01. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the HSS-10 has good psychometric properties and is appropriate for evaluating HIV stigma among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents on the Kenyan coast. Further, study results support the unidimensional model and measurement invariance across gender and age groups of the HSS-10 measure.

scholarly journals Population aging is characteristic component of modern demographic processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
M. Ya. Podluzhnaya ◽  
E. A. Voronova ◽  
N. V. Isaeva ◽  
E. A. Rudakova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Demographic Indices ◽  
Perm Krai ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Russian Federation

Aim. To analyze the demographic indices in connection with aging of the population in Perm Krai and the Russian Federation and as a result – to single out problems and ways of solution. Materials and methods. Calculation and dynamic analysis of reproduction of the population in Perm Krai and the Russian Federation over the period of 2005 – 2017 was performed using official statistic data in connection with gender-and-age-specific characterization of the population. Results. The processes of aging of the population were estimated from demographic positions. Socioeconomic problems, associated with them, were singled out, the ways of their solving were determined in accordance with national projects regarding health and health care. Conclusions. At the expense of growing index of expected average life, decrease in fertility and birth rate there is observed accumulation of older age groups of the population, i.e. process of aging. It, naturally, results in growth of chronic pathology, mortality not only in the older age periods but also in the able-bodied part of the population, thus, reducing working potential.

scholarly journals Особенности национальной одежды алтайцев

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Emma V. Ekeyeva ◽  
◽  
Nikolay V. Ekeyev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Married Woman ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Age And Sex

Introduction. With reference to works by Russian ethnographers and collected field materials, the paper presents the first insight into specific features of Altaian traditional clothes and changes the latter undergo in the modern period. Goals. The work primarily seeks to reveal transformations of Altaian national garments in the late 20th – early 21st centuries. Materials. The study examines data from field expeditions to Ust-Kansky, Shebalinsky and other districts of the Altai Republic in 2017-2019. The research data collection methods included those of questionnaires and interviews among local communities of the mentioned districts of the region. Results. The paper highlights various aspects of men’s and women’s clothes represented mainly by outer garments, such as sheepskin coats, e.g., nekey ton (a sheepskin coat a with long thick fur), akar ton (a coat sheepskin with short thick fur), kyptu ton (a coat with fabric-trimmed upper elements), tortok ton (a short sheepskin coat), and also sleeveless jackets (kögÿspek) and national gowns (chekpen). The work describes caps worn both by men and women (tÿlkÿ bychkak börÿk, talbañ börÿk, kish börÿk, bolchok börÿk), shoes made of fur (skin) from animals’ lower legs (bychkak ödÿk) or leather ones (katu/ köm ödÿk, charyk ödÿk, shiri ödÿk) usually decorated with upright pointed toes. Special attention is paid to women’s wedding and festal clothes, namely: dresses with wide sleeves and long cuffs that were to completely cover hands, the former decorated with buttons, beads, and ornaments to be worn under a full-length silk sleeveless jacket. The research explains differences between the classical and contemporary conventionalized chegedek full-length sleeveless jackets worn by women over a special dress during wedding ceremonies. Chegedek communicates a symbolic message that a girl acquires the new status of a married woman. Some attention is given to men’s undergarments, such as regular shirts (chamcha) mostly worn untucked with woolen trousers (shtan). Conclusions. The Altaian clothes have underwent certain changes but some centuries-old traditions survive till nowadays, e.g., women’s dresses are distinguished by special sleeves (ushtuktar) and ‘wings’ (kanattar). However, it is noteworthy that the tradition of selecting colors for garments with due regard of age and sex is lost, and layout of decorative elements has also changed. The loss of ethnic features in national clothes results from the wide use of commercial cloths and services of tailor shops.

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