scholarly journals Population aging is characteristic component of modern demographic processes

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
M. Ya. Podluzhnaya ◽  
E. A. Voronova ◽  
N. V. Isaeva ◽  
E. A. Rudakova

Aim. To analyze the demographic indices in connection with aging of the population in Perm Krai and the Russian Federation and as a result – to single out problems and ways of solution. Materials and methods. Calculation and dynamic analysis of reproduction of the population in Perm Krai and the Russian Federation over the period of 2005 – 2017 was performed using official statistic data in connection with gender-and-age-specific characterization of the population. Results. The processes of aging of the population were estimated from demographic positions. Socioeconomic problems, associated with them, were singled out, the ways of their solving were determined in accordance with national projects regarding health and health care. Conclusions. At the expense of growing index of expected average life, decrease in fertility and birth rate there is observed accumulation of older age groups of the population, i.e. process of aging. It, naturally, results in growth of chronic pathology, mortality not only in the older age periods but also in the able-bodied part of the population, thus, reducing working potential.

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
A A Olina ◽  
G K Sadykova ◽  
T A Meteleva

Aim. To estimate the dynamics of the main demographic indices (population, gender and age composition of population, number of born and dead, natural population increase (loss), migration growth of population) in Perm and Perm Krai (PK) over the period of 1990-2016. Materials and methods. The data, presented by the department of population census and demographic statistics of Territorial Board of the Federal Service for State Statistics in PK (Permstat) were analyzed. Results. In Perm Krai - in 2013 and in Perm - in 2012, there was registered increase in the population, confirming the end of depopulation period, observed since the nineties of the XX century. The analyzed period is characterized by growth in birth rate and fall in death rate in Perm and Perm Krai. However, the natural population increase remains insignificant. The detailed characteristic of gender and age structure is presented in the paper; it permits to assess the reproductive potential of the region. Conclusions. The detected tendencies make it possible to determine the strategic directions for improvement of medicodemographic situation in Perm Krai.


2018 ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
N. I. Burdaev ◽  
S. G. Sboeva ◽  
S. A. Krivosheev

Aim: to study the problems of the elderly population and the directions of optimization of the geriatric care system. Material and methods. The reports of the international study Global Age Watch Index for 2013 and 2015, the data of state statistics on demography for 2013-2017 are analyzed. The levels of demographic aging in federal districts werestudied. Using Microsoft Excel, SPSS, statistical data processing was performed. 210 respondents were interviewed in an equal gender ratio by the method of simple random sampling in Moscow and the Moscow region.Results. Based on the Global Age Watch Index global rating, an analysis was made of indicators of the quality of life and wellbeing of older people living in the Russian Federation. The factors influencing demographic aging are considered and their estimation is made on the basis of the correlation analysis on the example of four federal districts of the country. To study the motivation for the consumption of drugs by persons of older age groups, a sociological survey was conducted. A conceptual model of the geriatric service management system is proposed with the introduction of systemic unity and an integrated approach to solving organizational, financial, and scientific and methodological problems of providing geriatric care.Conclusion. As a result of the analysis, the reasons for the low position of the Russian Federation in the Global Rating of the Global Age Watch Index, including the incomplete medical personnel and the variation in per capita incomes of the population in the regions, are identified. In the course of the sociological survey, the main pharmacotherapeutic groups of drugs purchased by persons of older age groups as well as the level of expenses were identified. In addition, the respondents' opinion was revealed on optimizing the organizational and managerial structure of medical, social and pharmaceutical care, focused on active longevity, the use of the personal potential of the elderly in work activities.


2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
N. V. Minaeva ◽  
E. A. Devyatkova

Aim. To analyze the regularities of the prevalence of allergic diseases in patients of different age groups. Materials and methods. Epidemiological indices of allergic diseases were studied in children, adolescents, adults and elderly persons using official statistical data. Results. The general and primary morbidity, allergopathology structure and its dynamics were evaluated in patients of different age groups. The data, obtained in Perm Krai and the Russian Federation, were compared. Conclusions. The level of atopic dermatitis (AD) is the highest in children, allergic rhinitis (AR) – in adolescents, bronchial asthma (BA) – in adolescents and elderly persons. The cases of BA prevail in the structure of allergopathology in all age groups, besides children. Among children AD cases make 50.5 % of all allergic diseases. In dynamics, AD has a tendency to reduction of general morbidity in all age groups, BA – in children; a tendency to elevation is typical for AR in children and adolescents, BA – in adolescents, adults and elderly persons.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1750-1753

The number of divorces is steadily growing, both in the Russian Federation and abroad. According to various estimates, every second marriage in Russia falls apart. Divorce and the emotions that accompany it change one’s behavior: divorcees’ further personal lives are affected by the previous experience of family relationships. Thus, the personal life satisfaction of a divorcee entirely depends on the strategy he or she chooses on the basis of the experience obtained from the previous marriage. The present paper features some results of a longitude study in the strategies of personal life arrangement. The research involved former spouses of three age groups (25- 65) five years after divorce. The research revealed that strategies differed significantly according to gender and age. However, the strategy of escape from family lifestyle prevailed.


Author(s):  
Timur Minasov ◽  
Radik Nurlygayanov ◽  
Angela Vershinina ◽  
Yulia Soboleva ◽  
Damir Akhmeldinov ◽  
...  

The results of a study of the concentration of vitamin D in blood serum of 3455 residents of Ufa are presented. Physiological values of 25(OH)D were observed in 34.9 % (274) of men and 31.7 % (847) of women, which is 32.4 % (1121) of all examined. Vitamin D deficiency was detected in 67.1 % of the examined. The level of 25(OH)D in the blood serum of residents is on average 75 nmol/L, which is the upper limit of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is extremely common among residents of this region of the Russian Federation (67.1 %).


Author(s):  
В. М. Мерабишвили ◽  
В. К. Гуркало ◽  
Э. Н. Мерабишвили

Рак печени (РП) - тяжелейшая онкопатология. В России смертность превышает число первично-учтенных больных в среднем. Ежегодно в России регистрируют более 8 тыс. (8 810 - в 2018 г.) случаев рака печени и более 10 тыс. (10 018 - в 2018 г.) случаев смерти от этой причины. Использованы стандартные методы медицинской статистики, все зарегистрированные первичные случаи РП в России. Углубленная разработка материала проведена на основе базы данных Популяционного ракового регистра Северо-Западного Федерального округа РФ. Проанализированы данные всего комплекса доступной информации в целом по России. Установлен прирост заболеваемости РП населения России за 18 лет в «грубых» показателях и абсолютных числах на 20% и в стандартизованных - на 1,22%. У женщин отмечено снижение учтенных случаев РП на 4,55%. Смертность населения России в стандартизованных показателях снизилась за 18 лет практически на 3%. Превышение числа умерших над заболевшими от РП существенно возрастает в старших возрастных группах. Индекс достоверности учета (ИДУ) - это отношение абсолютных чисел или «грубых» показателей смертности населения к заболеваемости. Для всех злокачественных новообразований (ЗНО) величина в среднем по России составила 0,47, практически совпадающая со среднеевропейской. ИДУ у мужчин - 0,55, выше расчетных показателей для женщин - 0,40, что в первую очередь связано с более благоприятной структурой заболеваемости женщин ЗНО. Медиана выживаемости первичных больных РП составляет немногим более 3 мес. Пятилетняя выживаемость больных РП даже на ранних стадиях составляет у лиц моложе 60 лет с I стадией - 25,3%, старше 60 лет - только 17,2%, со II стадией - 17,9 и 11% соответственно. Liver cancer is a severe oncopathology. Mortality exceeds the number of primary-accounted patients in Russia on average. Every year in Russia more than eight thousand (8 810 in 2018) cases of liver cancer and more than 10 000 (10 018 in 2018) deaths from this cause are registered. Used Standard methods of medical statistics, all registered primary cases of liver cancer in Russia. In-depth development of the material was carried out on the basis of the database of the Population cancer register of the North-Western Federal district of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the data of the whole complex of available information in Russia as a whole is carried out. In-depth data development was carried out on the basis of the database of the Population cancer register of the North-Western Federal district of the Russian Federation. The increase in the incidence of liver cancer in Russia over 18 years in «rough» indicators and absolute numbers by 20 % and in standardized by 1,22 % was established. In women, there was a decrease in reported cases of liver cancer by 4,55 %. The mortality rate of the Russian population in standardized indicators has decreased by almost 3 % over 18 years. The excess of the number of deaths over those from liver cancer increases significantly in older age groups. The index of reliability of accounting is the ratio of absolute numbers or «rough» indicators of mortality to morbidity. For all malignant tumors, its value on average in Russia was 0,47, almost coinciding with the average European. The index of reliability of accounting for men is 0,55, higher than the calculated indicators for women - 0,40, which is primarily due to a more favorable structure of the incidence of malignant tumors in women. The median survival of primary liver cancer patients is a little more than three months. The fi ve-year survival rate of patients with liver cancer even in the early stages is in the first among persons younger than 60 years - 25,3 %, over 60 years - only 17,2 %, in the second, respectively, 17,9 and 11%.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-589
Author(s):  
V. A. Shorokhova

The article offers a socio-psychological analysis of religious identity structure of Muslim youths who live in the Russian Federation. The research was conducted in the Chechen Republic (city of Grozny). The two groups of respondents were selected, the high school pupils (9–10th grades) and students (1–2 year). In order to study their religious identity was applied a “Religious identity components” questionnaire. The original version of this tool was developed by D. Van Camp, it was adapted to the Russian circumstances by V. A. Shorokhova and subsequently developed by O. S. Pavlova. The results of the study prove that religious identity of the two age groups in both cases remains the same, i.e. the four-factor model, regardless the respondents’ age. However, there are still some specific features as applied to each group.


2020 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 01063
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Neminuschaya ◽  
Natalia K. Eremets ◽  
Tatyana A. Skotnikova ◽  
Igor V. Pavlenko ◽  
Vladimir I. Eremets ◽  
...  

The paper deals with the results of assessing the intensity of PCV2 (porcine circovirus type 2) circulation in pigs of different age groups on pig farms in the Russian Federation. Serum samples of 128 pigs of different age groups from two pig farms in the Russian Federation were studied. As a result, specific antibodies to PCV2 were detected that proves virus circulation. Average titer of serum antibodies was 1:2020 for weaning piglets, 40 d.a. (days of age), in prenursery piglets of the age of 20 days - 1:3120; in replacement gilts of the age of 175 days - 1: 5124; in feeding pigs of the age of 180 days - 1:5300. In female pigs, the percentage of seroprevalence was 95 %. With advancing ageing of pigs, the level of antibody titer to PCV2 was increasing that proves the animals were infected after the decrease of colostral antibody level below protective one.


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