scholarly journals Tissue Detection and Typisation of Human Papillomavirus in Women with Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions and Squamous Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Drage Dabeski ◽  
Dragan Danilovski ◽  
Vesna Antovska ◽  
Neli Basheska ◽  
Zora Popovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Invasive Carcinoma ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Oncogenic Potential ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Cervical Biopsy ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

AbstractIntroduction. The most common risk factor for intraepithelial lesions and cervical carcinoma is infection with human papillomavirus (HPV), especially with high-risk HPV genotypes. Only persistent, high-risk HPV infections represent a major risk factor for intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer. The aims of the study were: detection and typisation of HPV genotypes, which are the most common causes of intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer, determination of the correlation between HPV infection and histopathological diagnosis, and the correlation between the grade of lesion of the cervix and oncogenic potential of the virus as well as determination of the most affected age group of patients.Methods. This cross-sectional study included 100 sexually active patients with an abnormal Pap test at the age from 20 to 69 years (39±10.77), and was conducted at the University Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Skopje and University Clinic of Radiotherapy and Oncology in Skopje in the period from January 2014 to August 2014. In all patients colposcopic cervical biopsy was made with endocervical curettage for histopathological analysis and cervical biopsy for detection and HPV typisation. HPV detection and typisation were done using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse hybridization.Results. HPV DNA was detected in 81.0% (81/100) of the examined women. The relationship between the prevalence of high-risk and low-risk HPV DNA genotypes was 72.0%:9.0%. The frequency of high-risk HPV DNA genotypes ranged from: 54.5% (12/22) in productive HPV infection-mild dysplasia, 86.4% (19/22) with moderate dysplasia, 91.2% (21/23) in severe dysplasia to 100% of squamous cell carcinoma in situ (6/6) and invasive squamous cell carcinoma (5/5). Mixed HPV infection was detected in 19.0% (19/100) of all patients, in 23.5% (19/81) of HPV DNA positive patients. The most common HPV DNA genotypes, in descending order, were HPV 16 (43.2%), HPV 31 (28.4%), HPV 18 (14.8%), etc. The highest frequency of HPV infection was found in patients under 30 years of age.Conclusion. There was an association between HPV infection and squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous invasive carcinoma of the cervix. There was a correlation between the grade of cervical lesion and the oncogenic potential of the virus. The results of this study may be useful for building a national strategy in the fight against cervical cancer.

scholarly journals Prevalence of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) among Negative Visual Inspection of Acetic Acid (VIA)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tofan W Utami
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Dna Test ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hybridization Test ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Hpv Dna Test

Objective: Persistence of high-risk HPV infection is known to be the major cause of cervical cancer. It is important to differentiate the genotype of HPV infection, whether it is high, intermediate or low risk. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of high-risk HPV types among Indonesian women with negative VIA. Method: We analyzed cervical swabs from 1,214 patients with negative VIA. By using INNO-Lipa HPV DNA test, we detected the HPV DNA and its genotype. Result: From the 1,214 women with negative VIA, 48 (3.95%) samples were confirmed to have positive HPV DNA by using PCR and electrophoresis. However, hybridization test were not able to detect HPV genotypes in 9 samples. These 9 samples were tested again with PCR and electrophoresis and resulted in negative HPV DNA. Among the remaining 39 samples (3.21%), we detected 19 types of HPV, consisting of 13 types of high-risk HPV, 5 types of low-risk HPV, and 1 type of unknown HPV (type X). Conclusion: Among patients with negative VIA, 3.21% was found to be positive for HPV DNA. From this percentage, the prevalence of high-risk HPV is higher than the low-risk and unknown HPV. Therefore we cannot ignore results of negative VIA, particularly in highrisk group, because there is a slight possibility that presence of HPV can be identified, especially the high risk ones which have a tendency to be persistent. We support the importance of HPV DNA test as cervical cancer screening method. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 3: 153-156] Keywords: cervical cancer, high-risk HPV, negative VIA

The Role of Human Telomerase Catalytic Subunit mRNA Expression in Cervical Dysplasias

2005 ◽  
Vol 230 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tsezou ◽  
P. Oikonomou ◽  
P. Kollia ◽  
I. Mademtzis ◽  
E. Kostopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Htert Mrna ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Human Telomerase ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Htert Mrna Expression

Telomerase activity and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA expression were investigated in cervical specimens and were correlated with cytologic findings and the presence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Telomerase activity was evaluated by the telomeric repeat protocol assay and hTERT mRNA expression was evaluated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HPV DNA was detected by PCR, as well as restriction endonuclease digestion. HPV DNA was detected in all 82 specimens with abnormal cytologic findings and in 4 of 34 normal samples. Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSILs) were present in 74 of 82 specimens (90.2%) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSILs) were present in 8 of 82 (9.75%) specimens. Seven of the eight HGSIL (87.5%) and 26 of 74 LGSIL (35.1%) specimens were hTERT positive, whereas all normal specimens were hTERT mRNA negative. Telomerase activity was detected in 21 of 74 (28.4%) LGSIL/atypical squamous epithelial cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and in five of eight (62.5%) HGSIL samples. A correlation was observed among telomerase activity, hTERT mRNA expression, and high-risk HPV infection in HGSIL samples (P < 0.001). High-risk HPV infection assessment showed 75% sensitivity and 72.2% specificity for HGSILs. Telomerase activity assessment in cervical smears showed sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV) for HGSILs 62.5% and 96.7%, whereas specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) were 80.5% and 19.2%, respectively, hTERT mRNA expression assessment showed 87.5% sensitivity and 98.7% NPV for HGSILs, whereas specificity and PPV were 76% and 21.2%, respectively. Based on the above-described telomerase assessment values, it is suggested that the telomerase system might not be an appropriate diagnostic marker for cytology, given that the final evaluation must rely on a combination of all available test assessment data, clinical diagnosis, as well as the follow-up of all LGSIL samples that were positive for telomerase activation.

Human papillomavirus in cervical screening and vaccination

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma J. Crosbie ◽  
Henry C. Kitchener
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Hpv Testing ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Test ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Recent decades have witnessed a reduction in the incidence of cervical cancer in countries where screening programmes have achieved broad coverage. The recognized importance of high-risk HPV (human papillomavirus) infection in the aetiology of cervical cancer may introduce a role for HPV DNA testing in cervical screening programmes. Positive HPV DNA tests indicate women at risk of cervical cancer with greater sensitivity, but reduced specificity, compared with exfoliative cytology. Combining HPV testing with cytology may be useful in the triage of minor cytological abnormalities into those requiring referral to colposcopy (HPV positive) compared with those who can be safely managed by cytological surveillance (HPV negative). With its high sensitivity and high-negative-predictive value, HPV testing may also be useful for predicting treatment failure, since residual disease is very unlikely in the event of a negative HPV test. Ultimately, prevention is better than cure, and the advent of HPV prophylactic vaccines may obviate the need for population-based cervical screening programmes in the future. A multivalent vaccine administered to adolescents prior to the onset of sexual activity and boosted at regular intervals throughout their sexually active life may provide protection against type-specific HPV infection, malignant precursors and invasive cervical disease. Several large randomized placebo-controlled trials have been conducted with promising results. For those generations of women already exposed to high-risk HPV infection, therapeutic vaccines may offer advantages over conventional treatment, although much work still needs to be done.

scholarly journals Human papillomavirus status and cervical abnormalities in women from public and private health care in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ledy H.S. Oliveira ◽  
Maria L.G. Rosa ◽  
Claudia R.N. Pereira ◽  
Gentil A.L.B.M. Vasconcelos ◽  
Roberta A. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
In Series ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Janeiro State

This article reports the HPV status and cervical cytological abnormalities in patients attended at public and private gynecological services from Rio de Janeiro State. It also comments the performance of each HPV DNA tests used. A set of 454 women from private health clinics was tested by routine Capture Hybrid II HPV DNA assay. Among these, 58.4% presented HPV and nearly 90% of them were infected by high risk HPV types. However, this group presented few premalignant cervical lesions and no invasive cervical cancer was registered. We also studied 220 women from low income class attended at public health system. They were HPV tested by polymerase chain reaction using My09/11 primers followed by HPV typing with E6 specific primers. The overall HPV prevalence was 77.3%. They also showed a high percentage of high squamous intraepithelial lesion-HSIL (26.3%), and invasive cervical carcinoma (16.3%). HPV infection was found in 93.1% and 94.4% of them, respectively. The mean ages in both groups were 31.5 and 38 years, respectively. In series 1, HPV prevalence declined with age, data consistent with viral transient infection. In series 2, HPV prevalence did not decline, independent of age interval, supporting not only the idea of viral persistence into this group, but also regional epidemiological variations in the same geographic area. Significant cytological differences were seen between both groups. Normal and benign cases were the most prevalent cytological findings in series 1 while pre-malignant lesions were the most common diagnosis in the series 2. HPV prevalence in normal cases were statistically higher than those from series 1 (p < 0.001), indicating a higher exposure to HPV infection. Women from both samples were referred for previous abnormal cytology. However, socio-demographic evidence shows that women from series 1 have access to treatment more easily and faster than women from series 2 before the development of pre-malignant lesions. These data provides baseline support for the role of social inequalities linked to high risk HPV infection leading to cervical cancer. Broadly screening programs and the development of safe and effective vaccines against HPV would diminish the toll of this disease that affect mainly poor women.

scholarly journals High-risk human papilloma virus infection and cervical neoplasm in female inflammatory bowel disease patients: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-344
Author(s):  
Miao Li ◽  
Qing-Fan Yang ◽  
Qian Cao ◽  
Jian Tang ◽  
Yu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Abstract Background and aim This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, especially types 16 and 18, and cervical neoplasia in female Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Methods From July 2014 to January 2017, sexually active, female, Chinese IBD patients (21–60 years) and age-matched controls underwent cervical ThinPrep cytology testing (TCT) and high-risk HPV-DNA detection, and completed questionnaires about awareness of cervical cancer and HPV. Cervical dysplasia was categorized as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, 2 and 3. Results Of 124 IBD patients (30 ulcerative colitis and 94 Crohn’s disease), 17 (13.7%) had high-risk HPV among whom 9 (7.3%) had HPV 16/18 infection and 4 (3.2%) had cervical CIN (3 CIN 3, 1 CIN 1) by pathology. Among 372 controls, 33 (8.9%) had high-risk HPV and only 1 (0.3%) had HPV 16 infection. Cervical TCT detected atypical squamous cells of unknown significance in one control; no control had CIN. The HPV 16/18 infection rate and CIN prevalence were significantly higher in IBD patients than controls (both P < 0.001). The HPV-infection rate was higher in patients administered methotrexate [P = 0.005, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 4.76 (1.471–15.402)] or more than two immunosuppressants [P = 0.013, odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 3.64 (1.255–10.562)]. Thiopurine, steroid, infliximab and disease behavior/location were not associated with HPV infection. Only 29.3% of patients had undergone cervical-cancer screening. Awareness of HPV infection and HPV-related cervical cancer was poor (28.2%). Conclusions Female IBD patients are at increased risk of high-risk HPV infection and cervical neoplasia, which may be associated with immunosuppressants. Education and routine follow-up with HPV-DNA testing and TCT are recommended, especially in female Chinese IBD patients.

Association of human papillomavirus and bacterial vaginosis with increased risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamy Tiemi Suehiro ◽  
Natália Malaguti ◽  
Edilson Damke ◽  
Nelson Shozo Uchimura ◽  
Fabrícia Gimenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Risk Hpv ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

ObjectiveTo assess the rates of co-infections between human papillomavirus (HPV) and 13 key markers of bacterial vaginosis in cervical samples by multiplex polymerase chain reaction in a population with a high rate of abnormal cytology and a positive HPV test.MethodsThe study included a total of 213 women aged 18–72 years screened using Papanicolaou smears for determining cervical abnormalities and for HPV and bacterial vaginosis by single-target and multiplex polymerase chain reaction.ResultsA total of 83 (39%) women were negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy cytology and 130 (61%) had abnormal cytology. HPV-DNA prevalence was 69.9% and bacterial vaginosis was 72.7 %. Co-infections between bacterial vaginosis with HPV-DNA and high-risk HPV were associated with an increased risk for squamous intraepithelial lesions of low-grade cytology and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions plus cervical cancer. The most frequent bacterial vaginosis agent was Gardnerella vaginalis (33.8%), and co-infection with HPV-DNA and high-risk HPV increased the risk for squamous intraepithelial lesions of low grade cytology and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions plus cervical cancer. Co-infection between Megasphaera type I and high-risk HPV increased the risk for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions plus cervical cancer.ConclusionsOur results reinforce the hypothesis that some bacterial vaginosis agents may play a role as co-factors in HPV-mediated cervical carcinogenesis, at least in some populations.

scholarly journals HPV and Other Microbiota; Who’s Good and Who’s Bad: Effects of the Microbial Environment on the Development of Cervical Cancer—A Non-Systematic Review

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Matthias Läsche ◽  
Horst Urban ◽  
Julia Gallwas ◽  
Carsten Gründker
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Metabolic Signalling ◽  
Microbial Environment ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Cervical cancer is responsible for around 5% of all human cancers worldwide. It develops almost exclusively from an unsolved, persistent infection of the squamocolumnar transformation zone between the endo- and ecto-cervix with various high-risk (HR) human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The decisive turning point on the way to persistent HPV infection and malignant transformation is an immune system weakened by pathobionts and oxidative stress and an injury to the cervical mucosa, often caused by sexual activities. Through these injury and healing processes, HPV viruses, hijacking activated keratinocytes, move into the basal layers of the cervical epithelium and then continue their development towards the distal prickle cell layer (Stratum spinosum). The microbial microenvironment of the cervical tissue determines the tissue homeostasis and the integrity of the protective mucous layer through the maintenance of a healthy immune and metabolic signalling. Pathological microorganisms and the resulting dysbiosis disturb this signalling. Thus, pathological inflammatory reactions occur, which manifest the HPV infection. About 90% of all women contract an HPV infection in the course of their lives. In about 10% of cases, the virus persists and cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) develops. Approximately 1% of women with a high-risk HPV infection incur a cervical carcinoma after 10 to 20 years. In this non-systematic review article, we summarise how the sexually and microbial mediated pathogenesis of the cervix proceeds through aberrant immune and metabolism signalling via CIN to cervical carcinoma. We show how both the virus and the cancer benefit from the same changes in the immune and metabolic environment.

Early detection of cervical cancer based on high‐risk HPV DNA‐based genosensors: A systematic review

BioFactors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pegah Mahmoodi ◽  
Mona Fani ◽  
Majid Rezayi ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
Zahra Pasdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
High Risk Hpv

scholarly journals Prevalence of High Risk HPV in HIV-Infected Women From Belém, Pará, Amazon Region of Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Cortinhas Monteiro ◽  
Ricardo Roberto de Souza Fonseca ◽  
Tuane Carolina de Sousa Ferreira ◽  
Luana Lorena Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Andreza Reis Brasil da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Risk Hpv

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. Several studies have shown a higher prevalence of HPV infection in HIV-infected women. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the genotype diversity of HPV infection in HIV-infected women. From April 2010 to December 2012 cervical specimens were collected from 169 HIV-infected women who screening for cervical cancer at Reference Unit in Belém. The detection of HPV infection was performed by nested PCR and HPV type was performed using a commercial system. The prevalence of HPV infection was 63.3%. Of the 47 genotyped samples, 40.4% was found positive for high risk-HPV 16 and 12.8% for high risk-HPV 52. HPV infection was predominant in the group of women with no incidence of cytological abnormalities and more prevalent in women of reproductive age, unmarried, low education level, and who reported use condoms during sexual intercourse. It was observed an association between HPV infection and independent variables, such as condom use, multiple sexual partners, and history of sexually transmitted diseases. High-risk types of HPV infection were prevalent in our study. Infection with multiple high-risk HPV genotypes may potentiate the development of cervical cancer in HIV-infected women.

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