scholarly journals Electron beam treatment of simulated marine diesel exhaust gases

Nukleonika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Licki ◽  
Andrzej Pawelec ◽  
Zbigniew Zimek ◽  
Sylwia Witman-Zając
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Abstract The exhaust gases from marine diesel engines contain high SO2 and NOx concentration. The applicability of the electron beam flue gas treatment technology for purification of marine diesel exhaust gases containing high SO2 and NOx concentration gases was the main goal of this paper. The study was performed in the laboratory plant with NOx concentration up to 1700 ppmv and SO2 concentration up to 1000 ppmv. Such high NOx and SO2 concentrations were observed in the exhaust gases from marine high-power diesel engines fuelled with different heavy fuel oils. In the first part of study the simulated exhaust gases were irradiated by the electron beam from accelerator. The simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx were obtained and their removal efficiencies strongly depend on irradiation dose and inlet NOx concentration. For NOx concentrations above 800 ppmv low removal efficiencies were obtained even if applied high doses. In the second part of study the irradiated gases were directed to the seawater scrubber for further purification. The scrubbing process enhances removal efficiencies of both pollutants. The SO2 removal efficiencies above 98.5% were obtained with irradiation dose greater than 5.3 kGy. For inlet NOx concentrations of 1700 ppmv the NOx removal efficiency about 51% was obtained with dose greater than 8.8 kGy. Methods for further increase of NOx removal efficiency are presented in the paper.

scholarly journals The Computing Methods for CO2 Emissions in Maritime Transports

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-627
Author(s):  
Doru Coşofreţ ◽  
Marian Bunea ◽  
Cătălin Popa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Computing Methods ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Global Climate Changes ◽  
Marine Diesel

Abstract Nowadays the global climate changes have determined the international bodies to take measures in order to reduce emissions that contribute to the greenhouse effect. The main component of the exhausting gases produced by diesel engines is the CO2 emissions, considered responsible for the greenhouse effect appearance. The CO2 occurrence is largely dependent on the fuel carbon content as used in the diesel engines and further on the fuel consumption. In this context, it is worthwhile considering the maritime transportation activities taking place since 2011 when IMO took steps to reduce the emissions of CO2 from the exhaust gases of marine diesel engines on ships, enforcing their energy efficiency standards. This paper presents a summary of the main methods for determining the CO2 masses from the exhaust gases of marine diesel engines. These computation methods highlight usage opportunities from the sustainable management principles point of view, promoting the concept of energy efficiency onboard the ships. The undertaken researches open new perspectives in regulation framework, offering new tools for GHG ship emissions’ monitoring and evidence.

Treatment of synthetic wastewater and hog waste with reduced sludge generation by the multi-environment BioCAST technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Yerushalmi ◽  
M. Alimahmoodi ◽  
C. N. Mulligan
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Biological Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Cod Removal Rate

Simultaneous removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus was examined along with reduced generation of biological sludge during the treatment of synthetic wastewater and hog waste by the BioCAST technology. This new multi-environment wastewater treatment technology contains both suspended and immobilized microorganisms, and benefits from the presence of aerobic, microaerophilic, anoxic and anaerobic conditions for the biological treatment of wastewater. The influent concentrations during the treatment of synthetic wastewater were 1,300–4,000 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L, 42–115 mg total nitrogen (TN)/L, and 19–40 mg total phosphorus (TP)/L. The removal efficiencies reached 98.9, 98.3 and 94.1%, respectively, for carbon, TN and TP during 225 days of operation. The removal efficiencies of carbon and nitrogen showed a minimal dependence on the nitrogen-to-phosphorus (N/P) ratio, while the phosphorus removal efficiency showed a remarkable dependence on this parameter, increasing from 45 to 94.1% upon the increase of N/P ratio from 3 to 4.5. The increase of TN loading rate had a minimal impact on COD removal rate which remained around 1.7 kg/m3 d, while it contributed to increased TP removal efficiency. The treatment of hog waste with influent COD, TN and TP concentrations of 960–2,400, 143–235 and 25–57 mg/L, respectively, produced removal efficiencies up to 89.2, 69.2 and 47.6% for the three contaminants, despite the inhibitory effects of this waste towards biological activity. The treatment system produced low biomass yields with average values of 3.7 and 8.2% during the treatment of synthetic wastewater and hog waste, respectively.

scholarly journals Plasma technology to remove NOx from off-gases

Nukleonika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
Andrzej Pawelec ◽  
Andrzej G. Chmielewski ◽  
Yongxia Sun ◽  
Sylwester Bułka ◽  
Toms Torims ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
First Case ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Wet Scrubbing ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Ship Emission

Abstract Operation of marine diesel engines causes significant emission of sulphur and nitrogen oxides. It was noticed worldwide and the regulations concerning harmful emissions were introduced. There were several solutions elaborated; however, emission control for both SOx and NOx requires two distinctive processes realized in separated devices, which is problematic due to limited space on ship board and high overall costs. Therefore, the electron beam flue gas treatment (EBFGT) process was adopted to ensure the abatement of the problem of marine diesel off-gases. This novel solution combines two main processes: first the flue gas is irradiated with electron beam where NO and SO2 are oxidized; the second stage is wet scrubbing to remove both pollutants with high efficiency. Laboratory tests showed that this process could be effectively applied to remove SO2 and NOx from diesel engine off-gases. Different compositions of absorbing solution with three different oxidants (NaClO, NaClO2 and NaClO3) were tested. The highest NOx removal efficiency (>96%) was obtained when seawater-NaClO2-NaOH was used as scrubber solution at 10.9 kGy dose. The process was further tested in real maritime conditions at Riga shipyard, Latvia. More than 45% NOx was removed at a 5.5 kGy dose, corresponding to 4800 Nm3/h off-gases arising from ship emission. The operation of the plant was the first case of examination of the hybrid electron beam technology in real conditions. Taking into account the experiment conditions, good agreement was obtained with laboratory tests. The results obtained in Riga shipyard provided valuable information for the application of this technology for control of large cargo ship emission.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Combustibility of Fuels for Marine Diesel Engines

2021 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
D. V. Nelyubov ◽  
◽  
L. P. Semihina ◽  
M. I. Fahrutdinov ◽  
A. N. Komersan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Calculating Method ◽  
Marine Diesel ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Quality Indexes

There were studied the influence of composition of foreign marine fuels on its quality indexes which estimate the combustibility and combustion efficiency of this fuels in the marine reciprocators. It was found that using the high-density fuels in the engines of marine technique, which specified for exploitation on the automotive diesel fuels, can be the cause of decreasing the combustion efficiency, increasing of smokiness of exhaust gases and facility of technique’s failure. Using of methyl esters of fatty acids in the marine fuel’s composition in concentrations until 1 mass percent influents positively on combustibility and combustion efficiency. This result in the aggregate of results of other researches of influence these concentrations of FAME on the emulsification and lubricity of marine fuels follows to possibility of its short-time using marine technique. Experimentally proved the necessity of offered calculating method which estimates the combustion efficiency and combustibility of marine fuels. It was found that this method is more adequate and sensitive for estimation of those properties of heavy marine diesel fuels and petroleum diesel fuels with the FAME contention then the method of estimation of Cetane Index (GOST 27768).

scholarly journals Environmental Performance of Diesel Engines Running on Motor Fuel With Microalgae Bio-additives

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
S.A. Nagornov ◽  
◽  
A.N. Zazulya ◽  
Yu.V. Meshcheryakov ◽  
I.G. Golubev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Diesel Exhaust ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Gases

The prospects of using blended motor fuel with bioadditives from microalgae in diesel engines are shown. It has been proven that the composition of microalgae lipids is similar to that of vegetable oils. It was revealed that the density, viscosity and cetane number of the dietary supplements are higher and the sulfur content is lower in comparison with diesel fuel. It has been experimentally established that with an increase in the content of bioadditives in mixed motor fuel the smoke and toxicity of diesel exhaust gases decrease.

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