scholarly journals Economic Evaluation of Cookie made from blend of Brewers′ Spent Grain (BSG), Groundnut cake and Sorghum Flour

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Olawoye ◽  
Damilola Mercy Adeniyi ◽  
Abimbola Olamide Oyekunle ◽  
Oseni Kadiri ◽  
Samson Olumide Fawale
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Constant Mass ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Engineering Economics ◽  
Sorghum Flour ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Plant Life ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Key Variables

AbstractBakery and pastry products such as cookies are usually produced from wheat flour and as such contribute to high foreign exchange for tropical countries where such cereal is not cultivated. In view of this, we evaluated the engineering economics for the utilization of dried brewers′ spent grain, groundnut cake and sorghum flour in the industrial production of cookies. The production was based on the assumption that the cash flow was uniform over the plant life (i.e. 10 years) with no salvage value. The equipment required for the production process was identified and estimates obtained from equipment manufactures. The production of the cookies was based on constant mass flow rate of 90 packets/min. The effects of uncertainties on cookie production were evaluated by varying the operation days (330, 300 and 250 days) and also by varying the price of some key variables required for the production processes. The results indicate that the capital cost (fixed and working capital) and the annual production cost (APC) were US$1.39×10

scholarly journals PENGARUH PRODUCTION COST, SALES VOLUME, DAN WORKING CAPITAL TERHADAP NET PROFITS PERUSAHAAN ( STUDI KASUS PADA PERUSAHAAN FOOD AND BEVERAGE YANG TERCATAT DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA ( BEI) PERIODE 2014 - 2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
Indah Ayu Rachmawati ◽  
Alean Kistiani Hegy Suryana ◽  
Yunita Niqrisah Dwi Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRAK   Dalam penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari Production Cost ( Biaya Produksi) , dampak Sales Volume ( Volume Penjualan) dan dampak Working Capital (Modal Kerja) terhadap Net Pr0fits (Laba bersih) pada perusahaan Food and Beverage yang tercatat di (BEI) Bursa Efek Indonesia dari 2014 sampai 2018 . Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah Produstion Cost, Sales Volume, Working Capital, and Net Profits. Hasil penelitian ini antara lain yaitu secara parsial Production Cost (X1) terhadap Net Profits (Y) menunjukkan thitung sebesar 0.502 dan p-value (Sig) 0.618 lebih besar dari alpha 5%. Artinya terdapat dampak positif dan juga tidak signifikan antara Production Cost (X1) dan Net Profits (Y). Pengaruh Sales Volume (X2) terhadap Net Profits (Y) menunjukkan nilai thitung 6.352 dan p value (sig) sebesar 0.000 yang lebih kecil dari alpha 5%. Artinya ada dampak positif dan juga signifikan antara Sales Volume (X2) terhadap Net Profits(Y). Pengaruh Working Capital (X3) terhadap Net Profits(Y). menunjukkan nilai thitung 8.920 dan p value (sig) sebesar 0.000 yang lebih kecil dari alpha 5%. Artinya ada dampak positif dan juga signifikan antara Working Capital (X3) terhadap Net Profits (Y). Secara bersama – sama atau secara simultan bahwa Pengaruh Production Costs (X1), Sales Volume (X2), Working (X3) terhadap Net Profits (Y) menunjukkan Fhitung 144.507 dan p value (sig) sebesar 0.000 yang lebih kecil dari alpha 5%. Artinya ada pengaruh positif dan juga signifikan antara Production Cost (X1), Sales Volume (X2), Working Capital (X3) terhadap Net Profits (Y) secara bersama – sama.     ABSTRACT This analysis has the aim of being able to determine the impact or break-even of production costs, sales volume, and working capital on Food and Beverage companies that have net profits and these companies are listed on the Indonesia Stock ExchangeThe independent variables in this study are Production Cost, Sales Volume, Working Capital, and Net Profits. The results of this study, among others, were partially Production Cost (X1) to Net Profits (Y), which showed that the tcount was 0.502 and the p-value (Sig) 0.618 was greater than 5% alpha. This means that there is a positive and insignificant impact between Production Cost (X1) and Net Profits (Y). The effect of Sales Volume (X2) on Net Profits (Y) shows a tcount of 6,352 and a p value (sig) of 0.000 which is smaller than 5% alpha. This means that there is a positive and significant impact between Sales Volume (X2) on Net Profits (Y). Effect of Working Capital (X3) on Net Profits (Y). shows the value of t count 8.920 and p value (sig) of 0.000 which is smaller than alpha 5%. This means that there   is a positive and significant impact between Working Capital (X3) and Net Profits (Y). Together or simultaneously, the effect of Production Costs (X1), Sales Volume (X2), Working (X3) on Net Profits (Y) shows Fcount of 144.507 and p value (sig) of 0.000 which is smaller than alpha 5%. This means that there is a positive and significant influence between Production Cost (X1), Sales Volume (X2), Working Capital (X3) on Net Profits (Y) together.  

Effect of Processing Parameters on Properties and Microstructures of Warm-Rolled Interstitial-Free (IF) Steel Sheets

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 477-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuo Cheng Wang ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
Fu Tao Han
Keyword(s):  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Precipitate Morphology ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Lower Production

In order to simplify production processes and to lower production cost of thicker coldrolled IF steel sheets for deep drawing applications, a new warm-rolled IF steel sheet was developed in our lab through hot-rolling in high-temperature ferrite range. In this paper, effect of processing parameters on properties, microstructures and precipitate morphology of warm-rolled IF steel sheets was investigated. It is found that firstly, good deep drawing properties and favorable textures were achieved as steels were warm-rolled in good lubricant condition. Secondly, most precipitates in steels were TiS, TiC, TiN and Ti4C2S2.

scholarly journals Defects Analysis and Root Cause Robustness of Product Labels of an Acaricide Product in East Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Ogal Ogodo ◽  
Zita Ekeocha ◽  
Stephen Robert Byrn ◽  
Kari L Clase
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Market Returns ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Defects Analysis

This project aimed at investigating online damages of packaging materials generated during production because of imperfectness of production processes. These online damages may lead to upsurge in production cost and/or market returns, causing the company to experience losses and even damage its reputation. Data on online damages were collected for 20ml, 40ml and 100ml labels of an acaricide product for the period between July 2018 and June 2019 and statistically analyzed. Investigation was done on the causes of online damages, then corrective and preventive actions carried out. Analysis of online damages of labels of the three pack sizes revealed a loss of 1.01% on labels alone during the year under analysis. After implementing corrective and preventive actions, there was a reduction of online damages of labels.

scholarly journals Product redesign to align with production processes

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pedro Agustín Ojeda-Escoto
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Engineering ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Geometry Optimization ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Operational Analysis ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Architecture Optimization

The development of products destined to cover specific needs plays an important role when it is possible to have feedback, in terms of functionality, on the part of the final user for the consolidation of the product. Seeking such consolidation and identifying opportunities for improvement, in this paper a redesign was made based on specific criteria to align the manufacturing to mass production. The following premises were raised: 1) validation of the de-sign proposal; 2) comparative and operational analysis; 3) geometry optimization for weight and production cost reduction. This paper proposes a new design of the drawbar body of a tractor (case study) and the theoretical framework is established taking the bases of the concurrent engineering to define and characterize the final architecture configuration. Is reported the methodology used for the development of this research and the results obtained by finite element analysis for architecture optimization. Finally, are presented the defined strategies for aligning manufacturing to production.

scholarly journals Analisis Modal Kerja untuk Peningkatkan Produktivitas pada PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk. Periode 2006-2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 749
Author(s):  
Engelwati Gani
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Working Capital Management ◽  
Financial Ratio ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Financial Ratio Analysis ◽  
Productivity Ratio

The study was conducted at PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk, which aims to determine the level of working capital management and corporate productivity. Quantitative analysis methods used and data analysis techniques used are the working capital analysis, financial ratio analysis and the analysis of the productivity ratio. Research results obtained from the results that a decrease in working capital at PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk. from the year 2006-2010 which decreases the amount of current assets while current liabilities increased. PT levels of liquidity. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk. is also quite low and has decreased every year. Expected PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk. able to increase the amount of current assets to cash and cash equivalents productivity is not compromised. Productivity ratio of PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk in 2010 has increased due to production cost savings and increased sales obtained. This suggests a tight working capital management is carried out by PT. Unilever Indonesia, Tbk. can increase company productivity.

scholarly journals CERTAIN ASPECTS OF WORKING CAPITAL IN A CONSTRUCTION COMPANY

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiesław Meszek ◽  
Marcin Polewski
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Working Capital Management ◽  
Construction Company ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Operational Factors

The article analyses the profiles of selected construction companies from the viewpoint of working capital formation and their management strategies applied to working capital. The analysis was performed on the basis of financial ratios. The conclusion is that complex working capital management requires controlling methodology to be developed. A specific character of the construction industry, including operational factors and market requirements, make working capital management a task exceeding the financial sphere, as it embraces the issues of organisation of investment processes, the organisation of production processes and logistics.

The Need for a Broad-Based Model of Phonological Disorders

1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan G. Kamhi
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Phonological Disorders ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Speech Delays ◽  
Explanatory Adequacy ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Treatment Procedures

My response to Fey’s article (1985; reprinted 1992, this issue) focuses on the confusion caused by the application of simplistic phonological definitions and models to the assessment and treatment of children with speech delays. In addition to having no explanatory adequacy, such definitions/models lead either to assessment and treatment procedures that are similarly focused or to procedures that have no clear logical ties to the models with which they supposedly are linked. Narrowly focused models and definitions also usually include no mention of speech production processes. Bemoaning this state of affairs, I attempt to show why it is important for clinicians to embrace broad-based models of phonological disorders that have some explanatory value. Such models are consistent with assessment procedures that are comprehensive in nature and treatment procedures that focus on linguistic, as well as motoric, aspects of speech.

Referral Patterns for Youths Identified at Risk for Suicide by Trained Gatekeepers

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Rodi ◽  
Lucas Godoy Garraza ◽  
Christine Walrath ◽  
Robert L. Stephens ◽  
D. Susanne Condron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Referral Patterns ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Key Variables ◽  
And Gender ◽  
To Receive

Background: In order to better understand the posttraining suicide prevention behavior of gatekeeper trainees, the present article examines the referral and service receipt patterns among gatekeeper-identified youths. Methods: Data for this study were drawn from 26 Garrett Lee Smith grantees funded between October 2005 and October 2009 who submitted data about the number, characteristics, and service access of identified youths. Results: The demographic characteristics of identified youths are not related to referral type or receipt. Furthermore, referral setting does not seem to be predictive of the type of referral. Demographic as well as other (nonrisk) characteristics of the youths are not key variables in determining identification or service receipt. Limitations: These data are not necessarily representative of all youths identified by gatekeepers represented in the dataset. The prevalence of risk among all members of the communities from which these data are drawn is unknown. Furthermore, these data likely disproportionately represent gatekeepers associated with systems that effectively track gatekeepers and youths. Conclusions: Gatekeepers appear to be identifying youth across settings, and those youths are being referred for services without regard for race and gender or the settings in which they are identified. Furthermore, youths that may be at highest risk may be more likely to receive those services.

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