What Drives Shopping Mall Attractiveness?

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Dębek
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Question ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Cognitive Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Positioning

Abstract My article investigated the drivers of shopping mall attractiveness. Which of various shopping mall qualities are key to building a mall’s attractiveness? This was the fundamental question in the cross-sectional, survey-based correlational study. The participants included 384 adult Poles (192 men and 192 women whose median age was 22). The survey included 58 items – nine to measure the shopping mall’s attractiveness (its emotional impact, cognitive effect and the customer’s visiting frequency), and 49 to measure its hypothetical predictors. The investigated objects were six urban shopping malls in Wroclaw, Poland. It turned out that shopping mall attractiveness was driven mainly by their atmosphere and social positioning. Surprisingly, the more subjectively noisy and crowded the shopping mall was, the more attractive it appeared to be; commerce-related features, on the other hand, while usually treated as vital to a shopping center, contributed relatively little to the mall’s attractiveness.

scholarly journals Effects of Consumer Purchasing Power on Buying Preferences in Shopping Malls in Kenya: A Case Study of Nakuru County

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Monicah Mugambi ◽  
Robert Obuba
Keyword(s):  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Purchasing Power ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Many internal and external factors influence consumer decision-making when it comes to the purchase and use of various products and services. The attributes of the product itself, the brand, and the container in which it is encased is the most important and critical external variables. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey involving hotels, beauty parlours, electronics dealers, boutiques as well as entertainment outlets. The researcher targeted 305 business premises operating in 30 shopping malls from which a sample of 62 premises and 310 customers were sampled using stratification, Simple Random Sampling (SRS) and convenient sampling. The data was collected through the use of questionnaires. Descriptive statistics was employed and results were presented in tables and charts with the help of Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) for analysis purposes. The influence of consumer purchasing power on the preference of shopping malls was tested using regression, correlation and Chi-square methods at 5% levels of effect. From the study findings, the researcher establish that purchasing power, personal preference has been found to play an important role in influencing consumer’s preferences and bias towards shopping malls. An overwhelming number of the consumers recognized the importance of group influence on their choice of the shopping mall. This helped the researcher draw a conclusion and formulate recommendations informing policies and marketing strategies that are essential to marketers in the shopping malls and other related business facilities in line with consumer purchasing power.

scholarly journals Hypermobility and sports injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Alexander Nathan ◽  
Kevin Davies ◽  
Ian Swaine
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anecdotal Evidence ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Joint Dislocation ◽  
Ligament Sprain

ObjectiveTo determine whether there is an association between hypermobility and sports injury.MethodsA quantitative observational approach using a cross-sectional survey was adopted. Individuals were identified as hypermobile or not. All participants were asked to complete two questionnaires: one asking demographic information and the other injury-specific. Fisher’s exact test was used for statistical analysis.Results114 individuals participated in the study, 62 women and 52 men. 26% of the participants were hypermobile. There was no significant association between hypermobility and sports injury (p=0.66). There was a significant increase in joint and ligament sprain among the non-hypermobile (NH) group covering all sports (p=0.03). Joint dislocation was found exclusively among hypermobile individuals. The duration of injury in hypermobile individuals was higher than NH. The use of oral painkillers or anti-inflammatories in the semiprofessional group was greater than the general population.ConclusionHypermobility is relatively common among individuals, and there is a lot of anecdotal evidence associating it with increased rates of injuries. This project finds that NH individuals are more likely to sustain a ligament or joint sprain in sports. This is due to increased joint laxity and flexibility preventing injury. There were important limitations to this study which will be addressed in further work. These include assessing for pauciarticular hypermobility and focusing on one sport to investigate its association with sports injury in those who are hypermobile or not. It would also be important to focus on one specific joint, assessing its flexibility and association with injury.

Digital signage as an opportunity to enhance the mall environment: a moderated mediation model

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1099-1119
Author(s):  
Thérèse Roux ◽  
Sfiso Mahlangu ◽  
Thembeka Manetje
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Digital Signage ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model

PurposeThere is ample evidence supporting the generalizability of the stimuli-organism-response framework in the retail field, with limited extensions to digital signage inside malls. This article postulates that favourable perceptions of the mall environment result in stronger approach behaviours than positive experienced emotions. This varying indirect effect is predicated to be moderated by shoppers' enjoyment of hedonic digital signage content.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted at two upmarket super-regional malls in South Africa with a wide variety of contemporary digital signage displaying hedonic content. Purposive quota sampling was used to intercept and survey 400 regular shoppers viewing dynamic hedonic digital signage content. Data was collected via an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Hayes macro conditional process analysis was used to determine the moderating role of hedonic content enjoyment and to estimate regression coefficients of the proposed model.FindingsIt was found that favourable perceptions of the mall environment is strongly associated with approach behaviours relative to the indirect effect of positive experienced emotions. When shoppers' enjoyment of hedonic content is factored in the model, low enjoyment of hedonic content shows an insignificant effect of digital signage on approach behaviours. However, for high enjoyment of hedonic content, this relationship is positive and significant.Research limitations/implicationsDigital signage was only studied as a design cue and the promising role as social cue or ambient factor were thus not take into account. It also applied a cross-sectional survey rather than an experiment and has modelled the effects of digital signage as a part of retail atmospherics rather than its presence or absence in malls. The results were generated based on a survey with shoppers from two upmarket super-regional malls in South Africa while viewing digital signage displaying hedonic content. Findings might differ for utilitarian content and other settings.Practical implicationsPractical recommendations on how shopping mall management could utilise digital signage to possibly increase approach behaviours are provided.Originality/valueThere is very limited research on the effects of digital signage on shoppers in the mall environment. This study is one of the first to consider enjoyment of digital signage content inside malls as moderating variable. Additionally, this study contributed to this growing field of shopper-oriented technologies in methodological and pragmatic manners.

scholarly journals Food at checkouts in non-food stores: a cross-sectional study of a large indoor shopping mall

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 2786-2793 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Wright ◽  
Erin Kamp ◽  
Martin White ◽  
Jean Adams ◽  
Sarah Sowden
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Price Promotions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Stores ◽  
Child Height ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the display of food at non-food store checkouts; and to classify foods by type and nutrient content, presence of price promotions and whether food was at child height.DesignCross-sectional survey of checkout displays at non-food stores. Foods were classified as ‘less healthy’ or healthier using the UK Food Standards Agency’s Nutrient Profile Model. Written price promotions were recorded. Child height was defined as the sight line of an 11-year-old approximated from UK growth charts.SettingA large indoor shopping mall, Gateshead, UK, February–March 2014.SubjectsTwo hundred and five out of 219 non-food stores in the shopping mall directory which were open for trading.ResultsThirty-two (15·6 %) of 205 non-food stores displayed food at the checkout. All displayed less healthy foods, and fourteen (43·8 %) had healthier foods. Overall, 5911 checkout foods were identified. Of these, 4763 (80·6 %) were ‘less healthy’. No fruits, vegetables, nuts or seeds were found. Of 4763 less healthy foods displayed, 195 (4·1 %) were subject to price promotions, compared with twelve of 1148 (1·0 %) healthier foods (χ2(df=1)=25·4, P<0·0001). There was no difference in the proportion of less healthy (95·1 %) and healthier (96·2 %) foods displayed at child height.ConclusionsAlmost one-sixth of non-food stores displayed checkout food, the majority of which was ‘less healthy’ and displayed at child height. Less healthy food was more likely to be subject to a written price promotion than healthier food. Further research into the drivers and consequences of checkout food in non-food stores is needed. Public health regulation may be warranted.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Agriculture in Response to Climate Change in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul Khayer ◽  
Fatiha Sultana Eti ◽  
Md. Mohibul Hasan ◽  
Md. Khairul Bashar Biplob ◽  
Rabiul Haq Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
The Other ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Lack Of Information

An opinion dependent cross sectional survey was conducted among charland peoples of Noakhali, Bangladesh with a view to identify the factors that affect green economy. Nijhumdwip Island and Tamaruddi union are highly affected by cyclone and soil salinity. Unpredictable rainfall is the most acute in Nijhumdwip. Lack of information the main problem in Nijhumdwip Island. Farmers are found less interest in integrated farming and crop diversification. Few farmers from Sonadia Union are involved in homestead gardening. Regression analysis have shown a negative relationship (p&lt;0.001) between education of stockholders and decrease of crop production. On the other hand education level of stockholders is to be found positively (p&lt;0.05) varied with decrease of food insecurity. So it can be said that educated farmers are more adaptive against climate change.

scholarly journals Consumer Buying Behavior at Shopping Malls: Does Gender Matter?

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Katrodia ◽  
M. J. Naude ◽  
S. Soni
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Shopping Mall ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Consumer Buying Behavior

 The development of shopping malls is a major social and global phenomenon that has unearthed a novel facet for customer satisfaction and their consequent or relative buying behavior. The aim of his paper was to explore the gender differences in consumer buying behavior at selected Durban shopping malls. It is an observational cross-sectional study carried out on 700 randomly selected respondents to study buying capacity, buying behavior and shopping experience of male and female consumers at shopping malls in the city of Durban, South Africa. Data was collected through pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire with closed ended questions. The study revealed that there are notable gender differences, which shape shopping behavior among men and women. Time and money spent at the mall was significantly high among female as compared to male consumers. Consequently, the results attributed that personal attributes and shopping mall attractiveness factors played a crucial role in influencing customer shopping behavior amongst the mall shoppers. The study concludes that gender differences are prevalent in the buying behavior of customers at the select shopping malls in Durban, South Africa. Average time spent by female is high as compared to male which also affect their average money spent at shopping mall. Psychological, Social and Cultural factors are highly influencing customers’ buying behavior at shopping malls. 

scholarly journals Mood state, motivation and impulsivity of students that participated in youth school games

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Medeiros Costa Costa ◽  
◽  
Eduardo Penna ◽  
Humberto Luís de Deus Inácio ◽  
Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mood State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Behavior Scale ◽  
Mood Scale ◽  
State Motivation

The present study aimed to compare the mood, motivation and impulsivity of student-students participating in Youth School games and their analysis between genders. A cross-sectional survey was conducted by 147 students aged 12 to 17 years (14.53 ± 1.51 years; 51,70% male). The following scales were used: 1) Brunel Mood Scale; 2) Motivation for Measured Physical Activity reviewed and 3) Impulsive Behavior Scale. For comparison between the groups, the Mann-Whitney U test was used and the effect size was calculated by means of Cohen d. The results showed that female schoolchildren had higher scores of anxiety, anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, lack of perseverance and premeditation. On the other hand, male schoolchildren presented higher scores in appearance and health, being more motivated by extrinsic factors in relation to the female sex. Therefore, it is suggested that training strategies be adapted according to gender, in view of their respective characteristics.

scholarly journals Pulmonary function changes in asymptomatic smokers - a community survey in Udupi, Karnataka, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Senthil Kumar Elumalai ◽  
Arun G. Maiya ◽  
Kalyan B. Chakravarthy
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background: Smoking has been labeled the most important preventable cause of a respiratory disease and its effects in a smoker are well established. A better understanding on the pulmonary function impairments in an asymptomatic smoker is the need of the hour. Objective: To study the pulmonary function changes in asymptomatic smokers and non- smokers and to establish the dose -effect relationship amongst asymptomatic smokers.Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in Udupi district of Karnataka, India. 140 men aged between 20 to 45 years with a BMI ranging from 18.5 to 29.9 Kg2 /m was enrolled in to the study. 70 subjects were asymptomatic smokers and the other 70 were non-smokers. Outcomes measured were standard spirometric measures for pulmonary function and symptoms like breathlessness, cough and sputum using a Breathlessness Cough Sputum scale.Results: The mean age (mean ± SD) of non-smokers and asymptomatic smokers enrolled was 34.7±5 and 33.8±5 years respectively. The mean smoking dose amongst the asymptomatic smokers was 15.74±5.5 pack years. FEV1 amongst the asymptomatic smokers showed a negative correlation with smoking dose (p<0.05) and there was a significant difference in FEV1, FVC, PEFR, MVV and FEF 25- 75 % (p<0.001) amongst the asymptomatic smokers and non-smokers.Conclusions: Asymptomatic smokers showed low values of pulmonary function parameters compared to those in non-smokers.

scholarly journals Who gets lost and why: A representative cross-sectional survey on sociodemographic and vestibular determinants of wayfinding strategies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Ulrich ◽  
Eva Grill ◽  
Virginia L. Flanagin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Vestibular Function ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractWhen we think of our family and friends, we probably know someone who is good at finding their way and someone else that easily get lost. We still know little about the biological and environmental factors that influence our navigational ability. Here, we investigated the frequency and sociodemographic determinants of wayfinding and their association with vestibular function in a representative cross-sectional sample (N = 783) of the adult German-speaking population. Wayfinding was assessed using the Wayfinding Strategy Scale, a self-report scale that produces two scores for each participant representing to what degree they rely on route-based or orientation (map-based) strategies. We were interested in the following research questions: (1) the frequency and determinants of wayfinding strategies in a population-based representative sample, (2) the relationship between vestibular function and strategy choice and (3) how sociodemographic factors influence general wayfinding ability as measured using a combined score from both strategy scores. Our linear regression models showed that being male, having a higher education, higher age and lower regional urbanization increased orientation strategy scores. Vertigo/dizziness reduced the scores of both the orientation and the route strategies. Using a novel approach, we grouped participants by their combined strategy scores in a multinomial regression model, to see whether individuals prefer one strategy over the other. The majority of individuals reported using either both or no strategy, instead of preferring one strategy over the other. Young age and reduced vestibular function were indicative of using no strategy. In summary, wayfinding ability depends on both biological and environmental factors; all sociodemographic factors except income. Over a third of the population, predominantly under the age of 35, does not successfully use either strategy. This represents a change in our wayfinding skills, which may result from the technological advances in navigational aids over the last few decades.

scholarly journals Is Racial Discrimination Associated with Number of Missing Teeth Among American Adults?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malini Muralikrishnan ◽  
Wael Sabbah
Keyword(s):  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Objective The objectives of this study are to assess the association of racial discrimination with tooth loss among American adults and whether this relationship, if existed, explains ethnic differences in tooth loss. Methods Data is from the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2014, a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of American adults. The survey included data on sociodemographic characteristics, behaviour, health insurance and number of missing teeth. The survey also included questions on whether a person was treated differently because of his/her race. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between tooth loss and indicators of discrimination. We also examined the relation between ethnicity and indicators of discrimination. Results The analysis included 4858 participants aged 18 to 44 years. Tooth loss (> one tooth) was reported by 26% of participants. Among those reporting discrimination at healthcare facility, there was 141% increase in tooth loss compared to those not reporting discrimination. Discrimination at work and emotional impact of discrimination were both significantly associated with tooth loss in the partially adjusted models. Accounting for discrimination slightly attenuated ethnic differences in too loss. Black Americans had significantly higher odds for reporting all types of discrimination used here. Conclusion This study demonstrated a potential role for discrimination in tooth loss among American adults. Discrimination could also explain part of ethnic inequalities in oral health.

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