scholarly journals The adaptation and implementation of guidelines for responsible media reporting on suicide in Slovenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saška Roškar ◽  
Alenka Tančič Grum ◽  
Vita Poštuvan ◽  
Anja Podlesek ◽  
Diego De Leo
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Media Reporting ◽  
Contact Information ◽  
The Media ◽  
Newspaper Articles

Abstract Introduction The existing literature provides evidence of the link between media reporting and suicide in terms of either preventive or provocative effects. Hence, working with media representatives on responsible reporting on suicide is of great importance. Until recently in Slovenia, there has been an obvious lack of communication between media representatives and suicidologists. The aims of the present study were twofold; firstly, to introduce the adaptation and dissemination of intervention on responsible media reporting, and secondly, to evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented intervention on suicide reporting. Methods We used a pre-post research design. Newspaper articles were retrieved over two 12-month periods: the baseline period and the follow-up period. In between, we had a year of implementation of our intervention program (launching and disseminating the Guidelines via workshops). Each retrieved article was rated qualitatively with respect to its adherence to the Guidelines. Results The comparison of baseline and follow-up periods revealed some significant differences. Reporting in the follow-up period was less sensationalistic, there was less reporting about specific cases of suicides and more about causes of suicide and pathways out of mental distress. Furthermore, in the follow-up period, there was a significant improvement related to headlines of media articles. Contact information about where to seek help was more often included in the articles. Conclusion The findings are promising, but working with the media needs to be continuous and ongoing if sustainable results are to be achieved.

Naturalistic Observation in Assessment of Behavioral Marital Therapy

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane R. Follingstad ◽  
Stephen N. Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Marital Therapy ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Naturalistic Observation ◽  
Positive Behaviors ◽  
Marital Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Marital Therapy

The purpose of the present study was to gather preliminary naturalistic observations on the effects of behavioral marital therapy. A second purpose was to gather preliminary data on the importance of the sequence of components of a behavioral marital treatment involving communication training and training in negotiation and contracting. Marital satisfaction of seven couples participating in a marital intervention program was assessed with questionnaires and home observations during a baseline period, after a didactic education phase, after training in communication, and after training in negotiation and contracting. Four couples received communication skills training prior to training in negotiation and contracting; three couples received these components in the reverse order. A 1-yr. follow-up of marital satisfaction was also conducted. Significant increases were noted in self-reported marital satisfaction throughout the program although there was no significant relationship between outcome and the sequence of the two main treatment components. Data from naturalistic observation showed decreases in the rate of both negative and positive behaviors in marital interaction over the course of therapy.

scholarly journals Persistent level of mental distress in PTSD patients is not reflected in cytokine levels one year after treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Helge Toft ◽  
Jørgen Bramness ◽  
Terje Tilden ◽  
Ingeborg Bolstad ◽  
Lars Lien
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Global Severity Index ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
One Year ◽  
Circulating Inflammatory Markers

Abstract Objective Cross-sectional data show that Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) patients often have increased levels of circulating inflammatory markers. There is, however, still a paucity of longitudinal studies with long follow-up times on levels of cytokines in such patients. The current study assesses patients with and without PTSD diagnosis one year after discharge from inpatient treatment. Methods Patients in treatment for serious non-psychotic mental disorders were recruited at the beginning of their treatment stay at a psychiatric center in Norway. Ninety patients submitted serum samples and filled out the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-90 Revised Global Severity Index (HSCL-90R GSI) questionnaire during their main stay and at a follow-up stay one year after discharge. Of these patients, 33 were diagnosed with PTSD, 48 with anxiety, depression or eating disorder, while nine patients had missing data. The patients were diagnosed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.). Results At the follow-up stay (T3), PTSD patients had higher levels of GSI scores than non-PTSD patients (p = 0.048). These levels were unchanged from the year before (T2) in both groups. The levels of circulating cytokines/chemokine did not differ between the PTSD and non-PTSD patients at T3. At T2, however, the PTSD and non-PTSD groups exhibited different levels of IL-1β (p = 0.053), IL-1RA (p = 0.042) and TNF-α (p = 0.037), with the PTSD patients having the higher levels. Conclusion Despite exhibiting different mental distress scores, the PTSD and non-PTSD patients did not differ regarding levels of circulating inflammatory markers at one-year follow-up. Significant outcome PTSD and non-PTSD patients show persistently different scores of mental distress one year after psychiatric treatment. In contrast, their cytokine levels do not differ one year after discharge from a psychiatric treatment inpatient stay. Limitations The patients with higher scores of mental distress were those who attended the follow-up stay, introducing a selection bias to the study. Further, it was not assessed whether the patients were fasting or smoking cigarettes prior to blood collection, or their sleeping or physical exercise status.

Surgical Site Infection as a Surrogate Marker of Physician Impairment

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1120-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Sherertz ◽  
Tobi B. Karchmer
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Physician Impairment

Our report details an implant-associated outbreak of surgical site infections related to the adverse effects of treatment for hepatitis C virus infection administered to surgeon X. During the 12-month period of this outbreak, 14 (9.5%) of 148 of surgeon X's patients developed a surgical site infection, a rate of SSI that was 8-fold higher than the rate during the 14-month baseline period or the 14-month follow-up period (P = .001), and higher than the rate among peer surgeons (P = .02).

scholarly journals Assessing post-radiotherapy handover notes from a family physician perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
A. Dang ◽  
S. Miller ◽  
D. Horvat ◽  
T. Klassen-Ross ◽  
M. Graveline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Treatment Side Effects ◽  
Counselling Services ◽  
Contact Information ◽  
Score Improvement ◽  
Information Treatment ◽  
Treatment Intent

Background Across our province, post-radiotherapy (rt) handover notes are sent to family physicians (fps) after rt. Based on previous fp feedback, we created a revised post-radiotherapy handover note with more information requested by fps. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the revised handover note improved the note as a communication aid.Methods Potential common and rare treatment side effects, oncologist contact information, and treatment intent were added to the revised handover note. Both versions were sent alongside a questionnaire to fps. Paired t-tests were carried out to compare satisfaction differences.Results There was a response rate of 37% for the questionnaires. Significantly greater clarity in the following categories was observed: responsibility for patient follow-up (mean score improvement of 1.2 on a 7-point Likert scale, p < 0.001), follow-up schedule (1.1, p < 0.001) as well as how and when to contact the oncologist (1.4, p = 0.001). Family physicians were also more content with how the institute transitioned care back to them (1.5, p = 0.012). Overall, fps were generally satisfied with the content of the revised post-rt handover note and noted improvement over the previous version. The frequency of investigations and institute supports initiated such as counselling services were suggested further additions.Conclusions The inclusion of potential treatment side effects, oncologist contact information, treatment intent and a well-laid out follow-up schedule were essential information needed by fps for an effective post-rt completion note. With these additions, the revised post-rt handover note showed significant improvement.

scholarly journals Mɔfɔ-sentatek ne sohyiɔ-pragmatek mpɛnsɛmpɛnsɛnmu fa radio ne TV so mmɛ bi ho: “akɔmfo bɔne sɛ kuro mmɔ a,..”

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-87
Author(s):  
Kwasi Adomako
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
The Media ◽  
Lexical Content ◽  
Greater Accra Region

Nhwehwɛmu da no adi sɛ, ɛnnɛ yi nso, wɔde mmɛ di dwuma pa ara wɔ Akan radio ne TV so dwumadie ahodoɔ no mu, titire ne anɔpa dawubɔ nkrataa mpɛnsɛmpɛnsɛnmu ne kaseɛbɔ. Ɛso akasafoɔ dodoɔ no taa yɛ amanyɔfoɔ ne amanyɔkuo akyitaafoɔ. Dwumadie yi mu nsɛm nso taa fa asetena-amanyɔ ho. Nsɛm no bi ka yɛ den; ɛtumi dane abufuo anaa ɛde ɔtan ba. Ɛno na ama yɛahwɛ sɛdeɛ wɔde mmɛ di dwuma wɔ dwumadie no mu. Yɛhwɛɛ mmɛ pɔtee a wɔtaa fa no mu nsɛm ne botaeɛ nti a wɔfa saa mmɛ no. Yɛahwɛ mmɛ no nhyehyɛeɛ ne ne sohyiɔ-pragmatek dwumadie. Yɛgyee mmɛ no ne ɛho nsɛm kakra firii Peace F.M.; Kookrokoo ne Adom F.M.; Edwaso Nsɛm, UTV ne Adom TV. Yɛhwɛɛ berɛ ne nnipa pɔtee a nsɛm no fa wɔn ho. Anɔpa dawubɔ nkrataa mpɛnsɛmpɛnsɛnmu taa wɔ anɔpa firi nnɔnsia kɔpem nnɔndu. Wei nso boa maa yɛhunuu botaeɛ pɔtee a ɛma akasafoɔ no de saa mmɛ pɔtee no di dwuma. Yɛgyinaa Fairclough (1995 ne 2012) ne Fairclough ne Wodak (1997) adwenemusɛm CDA so na ɛyɛɛ mpɛnsɛmpɛnsɛnmu no. Ɛdaa adi sɛ, mmɛ a amanyɔfoɔ taa de di dwuma no gu mmusuakuo mmeɛnsa; mmɛ dada, nsesamu anaa mframu ne abɛɛfo mmɛ. Nsesamu no nso nhyehyɛeɛ gu; nsɛmfua nsiananmu ne nyifirimu. Yɛhunuu sɛ, sɛdeɛ kaseɛbɔfoɔ nwene wɔn ankasa mmɛ no, amanyɔfoɔ ntaa nnwene mmɛ foforɔ. Sohyiɔ-pragmateks dwumadiemu nso, ɛbɛdaa adi sɛ, wɔmfa mmɛ no nni dwuma sɛ kwatikwan turodoo nko, wɔde bi yɛ sabuakwan (anidaho). The morpho-syntactic and socio-pragmatic analysis of proverbs use on radio and T.V.: “Traditional priests of doom, if you wish for the destruction of a town, …” Agyekum (2000) and Wiafe-Akenten (2015) have observed an extensive use of proverbs in the media since the establishment of Ghana Broadcasting Corporation (GBC) in 1954. This paper therefore examines how these proverbs are used in radio and television programmes, especially in the Morning Shows and News broadcast in Akan. These programmes are socio-political, in which some of the issues discussed are very sensitive, delicate and inflammatory. The paper focuses on investigating how participants of these programmes employ proverbs in handling such difficult issues in their interactions, especially within this highly formal setting. Data for this study was sourced from Peace F.M., Adom F.M, GTV, UTV, (all in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana) Kessben F.M. (in the Ashanti Region of Ghana) and Ɔboɔba F.M. (in the Eastern Region of Ghana). Recordings of 6:00a.m, 12 noon and 6:00p.m. News from the radio stations and Television stations, and those of the Morning Shows from 6am-10am constituted the data for the study. Also, follow-up interviews were conducted after the recordings were transcribed for further analysis. The text and their context were discussed using Fairclough’s (1995 and 2012) and Fairclough & Wodak’s (1997) approach to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The study specifically looked at the structural and lexical content of the proverbs, the motivation behind choice of certain proverbs and socio-pragmatic functions of the selected proverbs. Findings from the study showed that, some presenters and hosts of the programmes utilized proverbs as facesaving, mitigating and softening strategies. It was also concluded that majority of the politicians also employed the proverbs as indirectional strategies, escape routes, and evasive tools. They either removed or added their own words to strategically manipulate the proverbs to carry out and/or suit their intended message.

Abstract P199: Keep Moving, Your Health Depends On It: Impact Of Improved Physical Activity And Weight Loss In A Wellness Program

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebenezer T Oni ◽  
Ehimen Aneni ◽  
Maribeth Rouseff ◽  
Thinh Tran ◽  
Henry Guzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Baseline Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Negative impact of CVD as the leading cause of death in the US is worsened by the significant burden of obesity and associated morbidity and concerns about the growing population inactivity. The American Heart Association has emphasized worksite-based interventions to improve CV health. We evaluated the benefits of improved physical activity(PA) and weight loss(WL) among employees of the Baptist Health South Florida enrolled in a wellness intervention program. Methods: Employees with two or more Cardio-metabolic risk factors , such as total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl, systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, hemoglobin A1C ≥ 6.5%, and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 were enrolled in an intervention program themed “My unlimited potential”. Interventions were focused on diet and PA modifications. We defined improved physical activity as the difference in the metabolic equivalents (METs) at 12 weeks follow-up and at baseline. WL (lbs) was the difference in weight at follow-up. The relationship between WL and changes in METs was explored in an ordered logistic regression. Results: Overall 203 (48±10 years, 78% females) employees were enrolled with a retention rate of 89% (n=181) at 12 weeks follow-up. At baseline the median weights was 211 lbs., and mean METs- 8.6, while at follow-up the median weight was 200 lbs, and the mean METs 11. At 12 weeks follow up 38% had significant WL (lost >5% of baseline weight). The median WL was 8.4 (IQR 4.8-13.0) lbs and the mean change in METs was 2.4±1.8. Median WL increased with increasing tertiles of METs change; tertile1- 6.5(4-11) lbs., tertile2- 9(6-13)lbs. tertile3- 11(7-15)lbs. Increased PA was related to increased WL across BMI categories adjusting for age, gender and baseline weight. Conclusion: This study points strongly toward the benefit of increasing PA among other lifestyle modification interventions in controlling weight. Although further follow-up of this population to evaluate sustainability of change is needed, our results clearly relate improved PA and health.

“Do-It-Yourself Justice”

Crowdsourcing ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1282-1301
Author(s):  
Caroline Rizza ◽  
Ângela Guimarães Pereira ◽  
Paula Curvelo
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Police Department ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Media Reporting ◽  
The Media ◽  
Do It Yourself

In June 2011, during the ice hockey Stanley Cup, as the Vancouver Canucks were losing, riots started in downtown Vancouver. Social media were used to communicate between authorities and citizens, including the rioters. The media reporting on these events framed these communications within different narratives, which in turn raised ethical considerations. The authors identify and reflect upon ideas of justice, fairness, responsibility, accountability and integrity that arise in the media stories. In addition they investigate (1) the “institutional unpreparedness” of the Vancouver police department when receiving such quantity of material and dealing with new processes of inquiry such material requires; (2) the “unintended do-it-yourself-justice”: the shift from supporting crisis responders to social media vigilantes: citizens overruling authorities and enforcing justice on their own terms and by their own means through social media and; (3) the “unintended do-it-yourself-society” supported by the potential-of social media's use for prompting people to act.

Controlling compassion: the media, refugees, and asylum seekers

2019 ◽  
pp. 275-294
Author(s):  
Pascale Allotey ◽  
Peter Mares ◽  
Daniel D. Reidpath
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Media Reporting ◽  
The Media ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

This chapter explains the influence of the media in controlling the discourse about humanitarianism, refugees, migrants and asylum seekers. Changing responses to the arrival of several waves of refugees in Australia are used as an example. Media reporting has great power to shape public perceptions of these populations, and the result is often a populist policy response that also ultimately has an impact on access to care and services. In recent years the advent of social media such as Facebook and Twitter has also had a great impact, as exemplified by the almost instantaneous worldwide response to the image of a drowned Syrian child refugee in 2015.

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