Wissenschaftsrhetorik: Johann Christoph GottschedsAusführliche Redekunst(1759) als Lehre vom Wissenstransfer

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 329-344
Author(s):  
Kersten Sven Roth
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Critical Age ◽  
Johann Christoph Gottsched ◽  
The One

This paper assumes that the key to the understanding of the works of the early Enlightenment philosopher Johann Christoph Gottsched (1700–1766) does not lie in his poetological works, which were preferably read and criticized by his contemporaries, but rather, besides his grammatological works, in his writings on oratory, in particular in theAusführliche Redekunstof 1759. This paper interprets these works as an attempt to save the art of rhetoric which was on the verge of extinction and to bring it forth into the ‘Critical Age’ (‘kritisches Zeitalter’), and, furthermore, to establish a concept of rational scientific oratory which would stand in strict contrast to the ancient topica on the one hand and to the contemporary courtly ‘Complimentierkunst’ on the other. Therefore, the main point of focus becomes the paradox of a claim for truth and effectiveness, problematized by the timeless quandary of knowledge transfer. Accordingly, the paper attempts to demonstrate this problem’s actuality and thus the value of Gottsched’s concepts of rhetoric for the modern production of (rather popular) scientific texts.

Ein wortnetzbasierter Ansatz für die korpusgestützte Modellierung von Fachterminologie. Ein Beitrag zur digitalen Fachlexikographie

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Beisswenger
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
German Language ◽  
Online Information ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
The One ◽  
Princeton Wordnet ◽  
Technical Terms ◽  
Modelling Approach

AbstractThis article describes an approach for modelling domain-specific terminology in a wordnet-style representation. It uses the fundamental entities and relations introduced for the Princeton WordNet (Fellbaum 1998) and expands upon these in a way that fits for the representation of technical terms that are given in a corpus with scientific texts.The article starts with an overview on some essential semantic and lexical features of technical terms and terminological systems from the perspective of LSP research and formulates a set of requirements that derive from these characteristics for a modelling of domain-specific terminology which also aims to include terminological diversity (i.e. the existence of several terminological systems competing within the same special-field domain).Subsequently, the modelling approach with its fundamental modelling units will be introduced and the essential modelling decisions made with regard to the previously formulated requirements will be illuminated.In closing, two applications based on the modelling approach will be introduced: on the one hand a hypertext glossary of the domains “hypermedia research and text technology” which has been built in the context of the DFG-funded project “Text-grammatical foundations of text-to-hypertext conversion” at TU Dortmund University, and on the other hand the component “Grammatische Ontologie” of the grammatical online information system “Grammis” at the Institute for German Language (IDS), Mannheim.

scholarly journals Friend or foe? Co-opetition and entrepreneurial networking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter-J. Jost
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
External Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Transfers ◽  
The One ◽  
Entrepreneurial Networking

AbstractWe study the formation of an entrepreneurial network in an environment, in which entrepreneurs who are contesting with each other for the development of a new venture have the possibility to collaborate. On the one hand, such bilateral knowledge collaborations are beneficial because they allow the integration of external knowledge. On the other hand, external knowledge collaborations reduce an entrepreneur’s incentive to invest in her internal knowledge. We analyze this trade-off and show that if the knowledge transfer between collaborating partners is complete, the only stable entrepreneurial network is one with exactly one collaboration of each entrepreneur. If, however, knowledge transfers are only partial, entrepreneurial networking becomes more important and entrepreneurs form more knowledge collaborations. Moreover, internal or external knowledge spillovers reduce the incentives to form knowledge collaboration. These results have several practical implication for entrepreneurs and managers of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in their pursuit to better understand factors that influence knowledge collaborations with competitors and to devise their co-opetition strategy.

scholarly journals ESTUDIO DE LAS ESTRATEGIAS DE ESCRITURA CIENTÍFICA UTILIZADAS POR INVESTIGADORES NOVELES

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
María Jesús Fernández Sánchez ◽  
María Teresa Becerra Traver
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Writing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Scientific Text ◽  
The One

The writing is an essential skill to share with the scientific community the findings obtained by the researchers; however, it requires the implementation of a series of strategies whose domain has not yet been acquired by researchers with less experience. This research has a double objective; on the one hand, it tries to know the opinion of the PhD students about their own process of scientific writing and, on the other, it analyzes the scientific texts produced by the novice researchers. For this, two instruments have been created: a brief questionnaire and a system of categories to analyze the 397 errors that have been detected in the scientific texts written by 11 PhD students from different areas chosen for convenience. The results show that approximately 40% of researchers with little experience previously plan the texts they write and, for the most part, use a scheme for this. In addition, more than 90% believe that the most complicated thing is to provide coherence and cohesion to the scientific text. In relation to errors, the most common occur in the introduction (43.6%) and the method (18.4%) of the text and are grammatical (39%) and APA regulations (24.9 %). Finally, some limitations of the study are discussed.

scholarly journals Interdyscyplinarność w przekładzie tekstu naukowego. Francuski i włoski język akademicki w tłumaczeniu na język polski

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXII) ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
Ewelina Berek ◽  
Lucyna Maria Marcol Cacoń
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Scientific Text ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Interdisciplinary Nature ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
The One

The aim of this article is to demonstrate the differences appearing in French and Italian scientific texts and their translations into Polish. The specificity of the scientific text causes enormous difficulties faced by novice translators. On the one hand, one must faithfully reflect the merits of work, and, on the other hand, take care of the appropriate style of the target text. As Stanisław Gajda [1982] states, each discipline produces a completely separate language termed “scientific sublanguage”, and the basic difficulty in the case of translation by people not familiar with the scientific language seems to be the recreation of the specific nature of the scientific language of the source text in the target text. The multidimensionality and interdisciplinary nature of scientific translation should also be considered because only on the basis of interdisciplinary knowledge can the translator choose the appropriate translation strategy.

scholarly journals Imagination in Scientific Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven French
Keyword(s):  
Special Relativity ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scientific Imagination

Abstract What is the role of the imagination in scientific practice? Here I focus on the nature and role of invitations to imagine in certain scientific texts as represented by the example of Einstein’s Special Relativity paper from 1905. Drawing on related discussions in aesthetics, I argue, on the one hand, that this role cannot be simply subsumed under ‘supposition’ but that, on the other, concerns about the impact of genre and symbolism can be dealt with, and hence present no obstacle to regarding imagination as appropriately belief-like. By applying the framework of ‘semi- propositional representations’ and ‘quasi-truth’ to this case I thereby offer a new unitary framework for understanding the epistemology of scientific imagination.

Note on Selection of Coordinate Systems for Geodynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 395-407
Author(s):  
S. Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Static Systems ◽  
Selection Of

The first question to be answered, in seeking coordinate systems for geodynamics, is: what is geodynamics? The answer is, of course, that geodynamics is that part of geophysics which is concerned with movements of the Earth, as opposed to geostatics which is the physics of the stationary Earth. But as far as we know, there is no stationary Earth – epur sic monere. So geodynamics is actually coextensive with geophysics, and coordinate systems suitable for the one should be suitable for the other. At the present time, there are not many coordinate systems, if any, that can be identified with a static Earth. Certainly the only coordinate of aeronomic (atmospheric) interest is the height, and this is usually either as geodynamic height or as pressure. In oceanology, the most important coordinate is depth, and this, like heights in the atmosphere, is expressed as metric depth from mean sea level, as geodynamic depth, or as pressure. Only for the earth do we find “static” systems in use, ana even here there is real question as to whether the systems are dynamic or static. So it would seem that our answer to the question, of what kind, of coordinate systems are we seeking, must be that we are looking for the same systems as are used in geophysics, and these systems are dynamic in nature already – that is, their definition involvestime.

Stories and the Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Krause ◽  
Markus Appel
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Degree ◽  
Contrast Effects ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

Abstract. Two experiments examined the influence of stories on recipients’ self-perceptions. Extending prior theory and research, our focus was on assimilation effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in line with a protagonist’s traits) as well as on contrast effects (i.e., changes in self-perception in contrast to a protagonist’s traits). In Experiment 1 ( N = 113), implicit and explicit conscientiousness were assessed after participants read a story about either a diligent or a negligent student. Moderation analyses showed that highly transported participants and participants with lower counterarguing scores assimilate the depicted traits of a story protagonist, as indicated by explicit, self-reported conscientiousness ratings. Participants, who were more critical toward a story (i.e., higher counterarguing) and with a lower degree of transportation, showed contrast effects. In Experiment 2 ( N = 103), we manipulated transportation and counterarguing, but we could not identify an effect on participants’ self-ascribed level of conscientiousness. A mini meta-analysis across both experiments revealed significant positive overall associations between transportation and counterarguing on the one hand and story-consistent self-reported conscientiousness on the other hand.

Radioimmunotherapy for treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (03) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
R. G. Meyer ◽  
W. Herr ◽  
A. Helisch ◽  
P. Bartenstein ◽  
I. Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Primary Reduction ◽  
The One ◽  
Acute Myeloid

SummaryThe prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has improved considerably by introduction of aggressive consolidation chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Nevertheless, only 20-30% of patients with AML achieve long-term diseasefree survival after SCT. The most common cause of treatment failure is relapse. Additionally, mortality rates are significantly increased by therapy-related causes such as toxicity of chemotherapy and complications of SCT. Including radioimmunotherapies in the treatment of AML and myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) allows for the achievement of a pronounced antileukaemic effect for the reduction of relapse rates on the one hand. On the other hand, no increase of acute toxicity and later complications should be induced. These effects are important for the primary reduction of tumour cells as well as for the myeloablative conditioning before SCT.This paper provides a systematic and critical review of the currently used radionuclides and immunoconjugates for the treatment of AML and MDS and summarizes the literature on primary tumour cell reductive radioimmunotherapies on the one hand and conditioning radioimmunotherapies before SCT on the other hand.

Das Ende der Postdemokratie, den Pessimismus überwinden.

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (188) ◽  
pp. 487-494
Author(s):  
Daniel Mullis
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Decline ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
The One

In recent years, political and social conditions have changed dramatically. Many analyses help to capture these dynamics. However, they produce political pessimism: on the one hand there is the image of regression and on the other, a direct link is made between socio-economic decline and the rise of the far-right. To counter these aspects, this article argues that current political events are to be understood less as ‘regression’ but rather as a moment of movement and the return of deep political struggles. Referring to Jacques Ranciere’s political thought, the current conditions can be captured as the ‘end of post-democracy’. This approach changes the perspective on current social dynamics in a productive way. It allows for an emphasis on movement and the recognition of the windows of opportunity for emancipatory struggles.

Tolerance is theoretical and practical principles

1996 ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Babiy
Keyword(s):  
Religious Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nodal Points ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The One ◽  
Ukrainian Society

Political ideological pluralism, religious diversity are characteristic features of modern Ukrainian society. On the one hand, multiculturalism, socio-political, religious differentiation of the latter appear as important characteristics of its democracy, as a practical expression of freedom, on the other - as a factor that led to the deconsocialization of society, gave rise to "nodal points" of tension, confrontational processes, in particular, in political and religious spheres.

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