Greener approach to substitute chemical reduction clearing process for fabric dyed with Foron Blue E-BL 150, Foron Rubine RD-GFL and Foron Brilliant Yellow S-6GL using indigenous resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Khalique ◽  
Shaukat Ali ◽  
Rasheed Ahmad Khera ◽  
Muhammad Asgher
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Disperse Dyes ◽  
Brilliant Yellow ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Fabric dyed with disperse dyes followed a reduction clearing process (RCP)/chemical clearing process (CCP) to remove the unfixed dye from the fabric. In the clearing process, unfixed dyes and chemicals are discharged into streams. To combat this issue, an environment friendly approaches is explored that is a biological clearing using indigenous fungal strains of white-rot fungi (Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum). In this context, fabrics dyed with three disperse dyes (Foron Blue E-BL 150, Foron Rubine RD-GFL and Foron Brilliant Yellow S-6GL) were considered. The fabric cleared with biological clearing process improved the quality of fabric versus chemically cleared fabric and among the tested strains, G. lucidum showed higher efficiency for color strength improvement. However, no significant difference in tensile and tear strength of all fabric samples was observed. The quality of effluents in clearing reduction process for three dyes was assessed and it was observed that water quality parameters including chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and total dissolved solids (TDS) improved significantly and results revealed that the biological clearing approach can substitute chemical reduction clearing process for fabric dyed with dyes, which is greener and eco-friendly versus conventional processes to avoid unfixed dyes discharge in to water bodies.

Bioremediation of a wine distillery wastewater using white rot fungi and the subsequent production of laccase

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Strong ◽  
J.E. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Pycnoporus Cinnabarinus ◽  
Distillery Wastewater

The aim of this work was to ascertain whether a submerged culture of a white rot fungus could be used to treat distillery wastewater, and whether the compounds present in the wastewater would stimulate laccase production. Trametes pubescens MB 89, Ceriporiopsissubvermispora, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and UD4 were screened for their ability for the bioremediation of a raw, untreated distillery wastewater as well as distillery wastewater that had been pretreated by polyvinylpolypyrrolidone. Suitability of each strain was measured as a function of decreasing the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phenolic compounds concentration and the colour of the wastewater, while simultaneously producing laccase in high titres. After screening, T. pubescens MB 89 was used further in flask cultures and attained 79±1.1% COD removal, 80±4.6% total phenols removal, 71±1.6% decrease in colour at an absorbance of 500 nm and increased the pH from 5.3 to near-neutral. Laccase activity in flask cultures peaked at 4,644±228 units/l, while the activity in a 50 l bubble lift reactor peaked at 12,966±71 units/l. Trametes pubescens MB 89 greatly improved the quality of a wastewater known for toxicity towards biological treatment systems, while simultaneously producing an industrially relevant enzyme.

Improving the yield and quality of DNA isolated from white-rot fungi

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Kuhad ◽  
R. K. Kapoor ◽  
R. Lal
Keyword(s):  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Yield And Quality

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Indigosol Blue 04B Batik Effluent by Indigenous Fungal Isolates, Aspergillus spp.

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Stia Dewi ◽  
Rina Sri Kasiamdari ◽  
Erni Martani ◽  
Yekti Asih Purwestri
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Effluent from the local batik home industry is a serious problem, because the effluent discharge generated is spread in different places. Untreated effluent can cause environmental pollution, such as in groundwater reservoirs,because most is discharged into rivers. The aim of this research was to evaluate the bioremediation potential of indigenous fungi in liquid culture media with Indigosol Blue 04B (IB) batik effluent. The fungi isolates tested were Aspergillus sp. 1, Aspergillus sp. 2 and Aspergillus sp. 3, isolated from dye effluent soil and batik effluent, and compared to white rot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) as a positive control.   The physiochemical properties of IB batik effluent before and after fungal treatment were investigated. All of these parameters before the fungal treatment were above the recommended standard values based on the Governor regulation of Yogyakarta Special Region No. 7/2010. The level of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), and electrical conductance (EC) was reduce by Aspergillus spp. The highest percentage reduction was achieved by Aspergillus sp. 3, namely 88.34% BOD, 89.11% COD, 75.77% TSS, 85.85% TDS and 71.21% EC, after 3 days of incubation. These results show that the positive control isolate had the lowest value. The study confirms the ability of indigenous fungi isolates in the remediation of IB batik effluent and their potential for future analysis in the treatment of all types of batik effluent.

scholarly journals Performance of Ceriporiopsis sp. in the Treatment of Black Liquor Wastewater

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeng Arum Sari
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Different Strains

High amounts of black liquor wastewater are generated from bioethanol production by using oil palm empty fruit bunches. It contains an alkaline solution (NaOH), so it is quite toxic for aquatic ecosystems if discharged directly into waters. Black liquor has been treated by coagulation method, and it still needs additional treatment. This study aimed to determine degradation of black liquor wastewater by selected white-rot fungi (WRF). Five different strains of WRF have been tested for their ability to decolorize black liquor on agar and liquid media. Out of five fungi studied, two fungi, Ceriporiopsis sp. and Phanerochaete chrysosporium, showed the capacity to grow more than 50% on agar medium. In liquid medium, the percentage of decolorization of 15,000 ppm coagulated and diluted black liquor ranged from 70 to 89% at 30 days depending on the fungal strain. Ceriporiopsis sp. showed the better ability to decolorize black liquor than P. chrysosporium. The performance of Ceriporiopsis sp was evaluated regarding decolorization of black liquor, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and mycelial dry weight both in coagulated black liquor and original black liquor. The color of original and coagulated black liquor can be decolorized up to 90.13 and 86.85%, respectively. COD in original and coagulated black liquor was reduced up to 70.17 and 40.09%, respectively. The presence of coagulant Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) inhibited degradation of black liquor by fungus. The result demonstrated that Ceriporiopsis sp has a potential alternative to treat black liquor wastewater. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of laccase production by two white-rot fungi using solid-state fermentation with different agricultural and forestry residues

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 5287-5300
Author(s):  
Qi An ◽  
Cong-Sheng Li ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Si-Yu Chen ◽  
Kai-Yue Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Sophora Japonica ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cottonseed Hull ◽  
Forestry Residues

Pleurotus ostreatus and a newly isolated Ganoderma lingzhi strain were evaluated for their laccase secretion capacity by solid-state fermentation with different agricultural and forestry residues. There was a significant difference among fungi for biosynthetic potential. In principle, the laccase secretion capacity of P. ostreatus CY 568 was stronger than that from G. lingzhi Han 500. Different species of fungi had a preference for agricultural and forestry residues. The presence of cottonseed hull and Populus beijingensis were helpful for accelerating the rate of laccase enzyme production of P. ostreatus CY 568. Cottonseed hull and corncob were useful for improving the production of laccase from G. lingzhi Han 500. Continuous and stable laccase production was found on cottonseed hull by P. ostreatus CY 568 and G. lingzhi Han 500. Maximum laccase activity obtained from P. ostreatus CY 568 on Toona sinensis, Sophora japonica, Salix babylonica, Populus beijingensis, corncob, cottonseed hull, and straw of Oryza sativa was higher than that from G. lingzhi Han 500, and was nearly 1.16-fold, 1.59-fold, 3.32-fold, 1.39-fold, 1.08-fold, 1.08-fold, and 1.36-fold, respectively. These findings will be helpful for developing new productive strains and expanding more species for industrial application to obtain efficient and low-cost laccase.

Effect of Culture Technique of Ganoderma Australe Mycelia on Percentage Removal of Leachate Organics

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Wan Razarinah Wan Abdul Razak ◽  
Noor Zalina Mahmood ◽  
Noorlidah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Percentage Removal ◽  
Ganoderma Australe ◽  
Biological Methods

Leachate (liquid pollutant), which is highly contaminated with organic matter and toxic substances is a major problem that arised from landfill. Biological methods have proven to be effective to remove organic matters that are abundant in leachate. This study is intended to compare the used of free mycelia and immobilized mycelia of the white-rot fungi, Ganoderma australe for the  removal of landfill leachate organics. The organics fraction of landfill leachate was measured by biological oxygen demand (BOD5), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The experiment revealed that free mycelia of G. australe showed capability in removing leachate BOD5  but not COD. However, the use of immobilized G. australe displayed the best result in the removal of BOD5 and COD leachate after 4 weeks of treatment in flasks with 93.09% and 17.84% percentage removal of BOD5 and COD, respectively. Therefore, G. australe can be considered potentially useful in the treatment of landfill leachate as they can help in removing BOD and COD due to their biodegradative abilities.

scholarly journals Pleurotus Ostreatus and Volvariella Volvacea Can Enhance the Quality of Purple Field Corn Stover and Modulate Ruminal Fermentation and Feed Utilization in Tropical Beef Cattle

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1084
Author(s):  
Benjamad Khonkhaeng ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Field Corn

This objective is to elucidate the effect of purple field corn stover treated with Pleurotus ostreatus and Volvarialla volvacea on feed utilization, ruminal ecology, and CH4 synthesis in tropical beef cattle. Four male Thai native beef cattle (100 ± 30 kg of body weight (BW) were assigned randomly as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Factor A (roughage sources) was rice straw and purple field corn stover and factor B was species of white-rot fungi (P. ostreatus and V. volvacea). After fermentation, crude protein (CP) was increased in rice straw and purple field corn stover fermented with P. ostreatus and V. volvacea. The unfermented purple field corn stover contained 11.8% dry matter (DM) of monomeric anthocyanin (MAC), whereas the MAC concentration decreased when purple field corn stover was fermented with white rot fungi. There were no changes (p > 0.05) in DM intake of body weight (BW) kg/d and g/kg BW0.75 among the four treatments. The organic matter (OM), CP, and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake were different between rice straw and purple field corn stover and were the greatest in the purple field corn stover group. Moreover, the current study showed that neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and ADF digestion was higher in purple field corn stover than in rice straw, but there were no significant differences between P. ostreatus and V. volvacea. There were significant effects of roughage sources on ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) at 4 h after feeding. Bacterial population was changed by feeding with purple field corn stover fermented with P. ostreatus and V. volvacea. On the other hand, the number of protozoa was reduced by approximately 33% at 4 h after feeding with purple field corn stover (p < 0.01). Propionic acid concentration was different between roughage sources (p < 0.01) enhanced with purple field corn stover fermented with P. ostreatus and V. volvacea. In addition, methane production decreased by 15% with purple field corn stover fermented with P. ostreatus and V. volvacea compared to rice straw. There were significant differences on all nitrogen balances parameters (p < 0.05), except the fecal N excretion (p > 0.05) were not changed. Furthermore, microbial crude protein and efficiency of microbial N synthesis were enhanced when purple field corn stover fermented with P. ostreatus and V. volvacea was fed compared to rice straw group. Base on this study, it could be summarized that P. ostreatus or V. volvacea can enhance the quality of purple field corn stover and modulate rumen fermentation and feed digestion in Thai native beef cattle.

scholarly journals Degradation of carbofuran in contaminated soil by plant-microorganism combined technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Zhaoxing Li ◽  
Mengqin Yao ◽  
Jia Bao ◽  
Huiwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
The Impact

With the development of modern agriculture, the pollution caused by the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has become a serious problem, posing a threat to human health and the living environment. Bioremediation technology is receiving more and more attention due to the safety of contaminated soil, non-secondary pollution, and low cost. In this study, white rot fungi were immobilized by the adsorption method, and the functional plants suitable for reducing carbofuran were screened by pot experiment. Based on a previous study, a combined remediation technique was established. The results showed that after 30 days, compared to the single bioremediation of carbofuran-contaminated soil, the degradation rate increased by 19 % through the corn?white rot fungi combined remediation, and by 17 % using the sorghum?white rot fungi combined remediation. The effect of the pesticide content in soil on the combined remediation is mainly reflected in the significant difference in the number of microorganisms (p < 0.05). Combined bioremediation may be a better alternative to mitigate the impact of high pollution on microorganisms at different pollutant concentrations compared to single microbial bioremediation or phytoremediation.

scholarly journals Effect of Substrates on Nutritional Composition and Functional Properties of Pleurotus Ostreatus

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Mbassi Josiane E. G ◽  
Mobou Estelle Y ◽  
Ngome Francis A ◽  
Sado Kamdem S. L
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
White Rot ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Edible Fungi ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Pleurotus Species ◽  
Published Research

Pleurotus species, commonly known as oyster mushrooms, are edible fungi cultivated worldwide. Pleurotus genus is one of most extensively studied white-rot fungi due to its exceptional ligninolytic properties. These mushrooms have the ability to colonize and degrade a wide variety of lingo-cellulosic wastes with relatively short cycle. The objective of this study was to review published research works on the effect of substrates on nutritional composition and functional property of Pleurotus ostreatus. A literature search was done on the internet and university libraries in this area. It was found that different substrates used in cultivating mushrooms do have effect on the functional, organoleptic and nutritional properties of mushrooms. This review presents a practical checklist of effect of substrates on quality of Pleurotus ostreatus that may help different users.

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