scholarly journals Bioremediation of Indigosol Blue 04B Batik Effluent by Indigenous Fungal Isolates, Aspergillus spp.

Omni-Akuatika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Stia Dewi ◽  
Rina Sri Kasiamdari ◽  
Erni Martani ◽  
Yekti Asih Purwestri
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Effluent from the local batik home industry is a serious problem, because the effluent discharge generated is spread in different places. Untreated effluent can cause environmental pollution, such as in groundwater reservoirs,because most is discharged into rivers. The aim of this research was to evaluate the bioremediation potential of indigenous fungi in liquid culture media with Indigosol Blue 04B (IB) batik effluent. The fungi isolates tested were Aspergillus sp. 1, Aspergillus sp. 2 and Aspergillus sp. 3, isolated from dye effluent soil and batik effluent, and compared to white rot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) as a positive control.   The physiochemical properties of IB batik effluent before and after fungal treatment were investigated. All of these parameters before the fungal treatment were above the recommended standard values based on the Governor regulation of Yogyakarta Special Region No. 7/2010. The level of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), and electrical conductance (EC) was reduce by Aspergillus spp. The highest percentage reduction was achieved by Aspergillus sp. 3, namely 88.34% BOD, 89.11% COD, 75.77% TSS, 85.85% TDS and 71.21% EC, after 3 days of incubation. These results show that the positive control isolate had the lowest value. The study confirms the ability of indigenous fungi isolates in the remediation of IB batik effluent and their potential for future analysis in the treatment of all types of batik effluent.

Nutritive value index of treated wheat straw with Pleurotus fungi fed to cow

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 197-197
Author(s):  
Hassan Fazaeli ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Mirhadi
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Biological de-lignification of straw by white-rot fungi seems a promising way of improving its nutritive value. The bio-conversion of lignocellulosic materials is circumscribed to the group of white-rot fungi, of which some species of Pleurotus are capable of producing upgraded spent-straws as ruminant feed (Fazaeli et al., 2004). Treating of cereal straw with white-rot fungi as animal feed was studied by several workers (Gupta et al., 1993; Zadrazil, 1997). However, most of the trials were conducted at in vitro stage and used cell wall degradation and in vitro digestibility as an index to evaluate the biological treatments. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of fungal treatment on the voluntary intake, in vivo digestibility and nutritive value index of wheat straw obtained from short-term and long-term solid state fermentation (SSF).

scholarly journals Improving Ruminal Degradibility Of Oil Palm Fronds Using Enzyme Extracts From White Rot Fungi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fariz - Nicholas ◽  
H.A. - Hassim ◽  
A.F. - Nicholas ◽  
Marta - Lourenço ◽  
A.A - Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lentinula Edodes ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Oil Palm Fronds ◽  
Palm Fronds

Abstract Background: Oil palm fronds (OPF) when pretreated with white rot fungi (WRF) shows increased rumen degradability but with significant biomass loss. Thus, effects of pre-treated OPF with enzyme extracts from WRF on rumen degradability were studied in vitro. The enzyme extracts were prepared by inoculating OPF with three WRF, i.e Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Lentinula edodes and Ganoderma lucidum, for 15, 30 and 45 days with either ammonium sulphate, (NH4)2SO4 and sodium nitrate, NaNO3 added to the culture media for each inoculation period. After preparation of enzyme extracts, the enzyme activities were determined. OPF was then pre-treated with enzyme extracts in a citrate buffer (pH 5.0) in a forced air oven at 40 oC during 5 days. Further, the in vitro rumen degradation of OPF pre-treated with enzyme extracts, with respect to the short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, was determined after 24 h incubation. Activity of lignolytic (laccase and MnP), cellulolytic (CMCase and avicelase) and hemicellulolytic (xylanase) enzymes were measured in all of the extracts irrespective on the inoculation period. Results: Treatment of OPF with enzyme extracts from G. lucidum after 45 days of inoculation showed a numerical increase (13%) in total SCFA and apparently rumen degradable carbohydrates (ARDC) after 24 h in vitro incubation, without any loss of biomass. However, this increase was not clearly correlated to results of the enzyme assays. Conclusion: This study indicates pre-treatment of OPF with enzyme extracts from specific WRF to be promising to enhance the ruminal degradability of OPF without simultaneous loss of biomass.

Synergistic effect of mixed fungal pretreatment on thermogravimetric characteristics of rice straw

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3978-3990
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Zhinan Wang ◽  
Jin Sun ◽  
Wanjuan Chen ◽  
Xianfeng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Brown Rot Fungi ◽  
Fungal Pretreatment ◽  
Before And After

The thermogravimetric properties and chemical characterization of rice straw (RS) pretreated by mixed culture of white-rot fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium (P. chrysosporium) and brown-rot fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum (G. trabeum) were investigated. The mixed fungal pretreatment showed a synergistic effect, which resulted in an energy-efficient pyrolysis of pretreated rice straw. The differences in thermochemical conversion of rice straw before and after fungal pretreatment were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) method. Furthermore, the pretreated samples were also analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to illuminate the changes in chemical composition and pyrolysis behavior. Compared to single fungal pretreatment, the mixed fungal pretreatment worked better and exhibited great potential in biomass pyrolysis.

Bioremediation of a wine distillery wastewater using white rot fungi and the subsequent production of laccase

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Strong ◽  
J.E. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Laccase Production ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Pycnoporus Cinnabarinus ◽  
Distillery Wastewater

The aim of this work was to ascertain whether a submerged culture of a white rot fungus could be used to treat distillery wastewater, and whether the compounds present in the wastewater would stimulate laccase production. Trametes pubescens MB 89, Ceriporiopsissubvermispora, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and UD4 were screened for their ability for the bioremediation of a raw, untreated distillery wastewater as well as distillery wastewater that had been pretreated by polyvinylpolypyrrolidone. Suitability of each strain was measured as a function of decreasing the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phenolic compounds concentration and the colour of the wastewater, while simultaneously producing laccase in high titres. After screening, T. pubescens MB 89 was used further in flask cultures and attained 79±1.1% COD removal, 80±4.6% total phenols removal, 71±1.6% decrease in colour at an absorbance of 500 nm and increased the pH from 5.3 to near-neutral. Laccase activity in flask cultures peaked at 4,644±228 units/l, while the activity in a 50 l bubble lift reactor peaked at 12,966±71 units/l. Trametes pubescens MB 89 greatly improved the quality of a wastewater known for toxicity towards biological treatment systems, while simultaneously producing an industrially relevant enzyme.

Effect of fungal treatment on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 166-166
Author(s):  
H. Fazaeli ◽  
A. Azizi ◽  
Z. A. M. Jelan ◽  
S. A. Mirhadi
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Fungal Treatment ◽  
In Sacco Degradability ◽  
In Sacco

Fungal treatment has been recently considered as a promising method for improving the nutritive value of straw (Zadrazil et al., 1997). Several studies have been conducted to identify species of white-rot fungi for assessing their ability to improve the nutritive value of straw (Yamakamwa et al., 1992). Since there are many species of fungi in nature, there is an interest in characterising of some species. The objectives of this experiment were to study the effect of five Pleurotus fungi on the chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and in sacco degradability of wheat straw and evaluate their effect in upgrading the nutritive value of lignicellulosic materials.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERLAKUAN PENDAHULUAN DENGAN KULTUR CAMPURAN JAMUR PELAPUK PUTIH Phanerochaete crysosporium, Pleurotus ostreatus DAN Trametes versicolor TERHADAP KADAR LIGNIN DAN SELULOSA BAGAS

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sita Heris Anita ◽  
Euis Hermiati ◽  
Raden Permana Budi Laksana
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Trametes Versicolor ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Biological Pretreatment ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After

Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass requires pretreatment in order to separate lignin from cellulose. Several methods have been introduced for pretreatment process of lignocellulosic biomass. These are physical, physico-chemical, chemical, as well as biological pretreatment. The following investigation aimed at a biological pretreatment of bagasse using mix-culture of white-rot fungi with the objective to investigate pretreatment effect on the lignin degradation of bagasse with minimum loss of cellulose content. The white-rot fungi involved Phanerochaete crysosporium (Pc), Pleurotus ostreatus (Po), and Trametes versicolor (Tv) on degrading lignin of bagasse with minimal losses of cellulose content 5% (w/v). The culture variation are as follows Po dan Tv (1:1), Po dan Pc (1:1), Pc dan Tv (1:1) and Po, Pc dan Tv (1:1:1) they were inoculated into steamed bagasse and incubated for 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks respectively. Chemical analysis was done to determine the weight loss, lignin, and alphacellulose content before and after pretreatment. Optimum lignin degradation was achieved after two weeks incubation for each mix-culture. The most effective lignin degradation of mix-culture Po, Pc and Tv (25,26±1,57%) with minimum cellulose loss (17,27±3,76%).Key words : pretreatment, white-rot fungi, mix-culture, baggaseINTISARIKonversi biomassa lignoselulosa membutuhkan proses perlakuan pendahuluan yang bertujuan untuk memisahkan lignin dari selulosa. Beberapa metode telah banyak diketahui untuk proses perlakuan pendahuluan biomassa lignoselulosa, diantaranya perlakuan pendahuluan secara fisika, fisika-kimia, kimia dan biologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan kultur campur jamur pelapuk putih Phanerochaete crysosporium (Pc), Pleurotus ostreatus (Po), dan Trametes versicolor (Tv) terhadap penurunan kadar lignin bagas dengan kehilangan minimal α-selulosa. Inokulum yang digunakan sebesar 5% (w/v) dengan variasi kultur Po dan Tv (1:1), Po dan Pc (1:1), Pc dan Tv (1:1) dan Po, Pc dan Tv (1:1:1). Kultur campur jamur diinokulasikan ke dalam bagas dan diinkubasi masing-masing selama 1, 2, 3, dan 4 minggu. Analisa kimia dilakukan untuk mengetahui kehilangan berat, kadar lignin serta selulosa bagas sebelum dan setelah perlakuan pendahuluan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan optimal kadar lignin bagas dengan kehilangan minimal α-selulosa terjadi pada waktu inkubasi dua minggu untuk setiap variasi kultur campur. Dari empat variasi kultur campur pada waktu inkubasi dua minggu menunjukkan bahwa kehilangan rata-rata lignin bagas tertinggi (325,26±1,57%) dengan kehilangan minimal α-selulosa (17,27±3,76%) terjadi pada kultur campur Pc dan Tv.Kata kunci : perlakuan pendahuluan, jamur pelapuk putih, kultur campur, bagas  

scholarly journals Antifungal Activities of Methanol Extract from Syzygium chlorantha and Hopea spp. against Pycnoporus Sanguineus

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Menti Saysa Harmen ◽  
Sitti Fatimah Mhd. Ramle
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Glycyrrhizic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Pycnoporus Sanguineus ◽  
Antifungal Activities

Antifungal activities of 6 methanol extract obtain from bark, sapwood and heartwood of Syzygium chlorantha and Hopea spp. were evaluated against the white rot fungi Pycnoporus sanguineus using a medium in which homogenised hyphae were dispersed. It is observed that Hopea spp. has antifungal activity against Pycnoporus sanguineus compared to Syzygium chlorantha. Hopea spp. bark showed the highest antifungal activity against Pycnoporus sanguineus with reaction showed very clear inhibition zone. Meanwhile, Hopea spp. sapwood showed partially clear inhibition zone. On the other hand, there are no antifungal activities occurring at heartwood of Hopea spp. and all parts of Syzygium chlorantha. The positive control glycyrrhizic acid dipotassium salt (GADS) showed clear inhibition zone from 50 ?g to 1000 ?g. The results of the sapwood and bark of Hopea spp. suggest that these extract have great potential as a source of fungi stats.

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