scholarly journals Espectroscopia Raman e a Ciência do Patrimônio: aspectos gerais e panorama atual na América do Sul

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (30) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Dalva Lucia Araujo Faria
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
South American ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Inelastic Light Scattering ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
American Research ◽  
Non Destructive

As últimas décadas tem presenciado um crescente aumento no uso de métodos físico-químicos de análise de bens culturais. Algumas dessas técnicas tem se mostrado particularmente úteis pelo caráter não invasivo e não destrutivo que apresentam e, dentre elas, a espectroscopia Raman apresenta posição de destaque. Neste artigo, essas características da técnica são detalhadas, bem como são apresentados os fundamentos teóricos do espalhamento inelástico de luz e discutidos alguns aspectos práticos de sua utilização. Finalmente, é apresentado um levantamento detalhado dos grupos de pesquisa da América do Sul, voltados ao estudo de bens culturais, que tem se utilizado dessa ferramenta analítica e em qual tipo de questionamentos vem sendo aplicada. Abstract: The last decades have witnessed an ever growing increase in the usage of physico-chemical methods to investigate cultural heritage problems. Some of these techniques are proving to be particularly useful in such a context, due to their non-invasive and non-destructive nature; among them, Raman spectroscopy occupies a prominent position. In this paper, such characteristics of the technique are detailed and the physical basis of inelastic light scattering are presented, together with some practical aspects of its applications. Finally, it is here offered a detailed survey in the literature on the South American research groups devoted to the investigation of cultural heritage issues who are using Raman spectroscopy, and the type of interrogation carried on. 

Beyond Death: Forensic Investigations of pre-Columbian Mummies from the Tarapacá Valley, Chile, Using Variable Pressure SEM and Raman Spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Prikhodko ◽  
C. Fischer ◽  
R. Boytner ◽  
M. C. Lozada ◽  
M. Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Mortuary Practices ◽  
Variable Pressure ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Non Destructive

Variable pressure scanning electron microscopy (VPSEM) coupled with other non-destructive analytical methods, such as energy dispersive (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy (RS) offers new capabilities for non-invasive imaging and chemical characterization of archaeological materials. This article underlines the application of VPSEM-EDS-RS on bioarchaeological specimens of pre-Columbian mummies from the Tarapacá Valley in northern Chile. The aim of the scientific investigations is to identify nonanatomical features and to provide qualitative and quantitative information at molecular levels, complementing the morphological record from studies in physical anthropology, in an effort to understand mortuary practices in the Tarapacá Valley and the effects of the burial environment in the preservation of mummified human remains.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Moisture Detection for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage

Heritage ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pier Barone ◽  
Carlotta Ferrara
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Established Method ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Moisture Detection ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Non Destructive

Moisture damage is the most critical issue regarding the preservation and integrity of cultural heritage sites. The electromagnetic (EM) sensitivity to the presence of moisture, in both soils and structural materials, is a well-known phenomenon. Thereby, studying the EM response to the presence of moisture, in order to prevent the damages done to sites of cultural heritage, is a well-established method. This paper will discuss the ability of a geophysical non-destructive technique (NDT), present in a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) system, to investigate a very precious building in Rome that is affected by a moisture problem (the Turkish Room at Villa Medici). This geophysical instrument is able to locate and estimate the extent of water ingression, which can aid in the development of restoration plans before permanent damage occurs. The main objective of this paper is to help restorers understand the related hazards, due to the presence of moisture in the wall structures, in real-time and to rapidly and non-invasively develop strategies for the preservation of cultural heritage sites.

scholarly journals Smart Portable Devices Suitable for Cultural Heritage: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Valentini ◽  
Andrea Calcaterra ◽  
Simonetta Antonaroli ◽  
Maurizio Talamo
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Wireless Transmission ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Portable Sensor ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Contact Sensors

This article reviews recent portable sensor technologies to apply in the Cultural Heritage (CH) fields. The review has been prepared in the form of a retrospective description of the sensor’s history and technological evolution, having: new nanomaterials for transducers, miniaturized, portable and integrated sensors, the wireless transmission of the analytical signals, ICT_Information Communication Technology and IoT_Internet of Things to apply to the cultural heritage field. In addition, a new trend of movable tattoo sensors devices is discussed, referred to in situ analysis, which is especially important when scientists are in the presence of un-movable and un-tangible Cultural Heritage and Art Work objects. The new proposed portable contact sensors (directly applied to art work objects and surfaces) are non-invasive and non-destructive to the different materials and surfaces of which cultural heritage is composed.

scholarly journals High-Throughput Phenotyping Approach for Screening Major Carotenoids of Tomato by Handheld Raman Spectroscopy Using Chemometric Methods

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (13) ◽  
pp. 3723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacer Akpolat ◽  
Mark Barineau ◽  
Keith A. Jackson ◽  
Mehmet Z. Akpolat ◽  
David M. Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
The Ohio State University ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Β Carotene

Our objective was to develop a rapid technique for the non-invasive profiling and quantification of major tomato carotenoids using handheld Raman spectroscopy combined with pattern recognition techniques. A total of 106 samples with varying carotenoid profiles were provided by the Ohio State University Tomato Breeding and Genetics program and Lipman Family Farms (Naples, FL, USA). Non-destructive measurement from the surface of tomatoes was performed by a handheld Raman spectrometer equipped with a 1064 nm excitation laser, and data analysis was performed using soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA)), artificial neural network (ANN), and partial least squares regression (PLSR) for classification and quantification purposes. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV/visible spectrophotometry were used for profiling and quantification of major carotenoids. Seven groups were identified based on their carotenoid profile, and supervised classification by SIMCA and ANN clustered samples with 93% and 100% accuracy based on a validation test data, respectively. All-trans-lycopene and β-carotene levels were measured with a UV-visible spectrophotometer, and prediction models were developed using PLSR and ANN. Regression models developed with Raman spectra provided excellent prediction performance by ANN (rpre = 0.9, SEP = 1.1 mg/100 g) and PLSR (rpre = 0.87, SEP = 2.4 mg/100 g) for non-invasive determination of all-trans-lycopene in fruits. Although the number of samples were limited for β-carotene quantification, PLSR modeling showed promising results (rcv = 0.99, SECV = 0.28 mg/100 g). Non-destructive evaluation of tomato carotenoids can be useful for tomato breeders as a simple and rapid tool for developing new varieties with novel profiles and for separating orange varieties with distinct carotenoids (high in β-carotene and high in cis-lycopene).

Archaeological investigations (archaeometry)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Rousaki ◽  
Luc Moens ◽  
Peter Vandenabeele
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Fundamental Interest ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Speed Of Analysis ◽  
Straightforward Interpretation

Abstract Archaeometry is the research area on the edge between humanities and natural sciences: it uses and optimises methods from chemistry, spectroscopy, physics, biology, etc. to help answering research questions from humanities. In general, these objects are investigated for several reasons. Besides the fundamental interest to know about the materials that were used in the past, the study of artefacts can support their preservation, either by helping to select optimal storage or display conditions, either by investigating decay pathways and suggesting solutions. Other reasons for art analysis include provenance studies, dating the artefact or identifying forgeries. Since several years, Raman spectroscopy is increasingly applied for the investigation of objects of art or archaeology. The technique is well-appreciated for the limited (or even absent) sample preparation, the relative straightforward interpretation of the spectra (by fingerprinting - comparing them against a database of reference pigments) and its speed of analysis. Moreover, the small spectral footprint – allowing to record a molecular spectrum of particles down to 1 µm, the typical size of pigment grains – is certainly a positive property of the technique. Raman spectroscopy can be considered as rather versatile, as inorganic as well as organic materials can be studied, and as the technique can gather information on crystalline as well as on non-crystalline phases. As a consequence, Raman spectroscopy can be used to study antique objects and twentieth-century synthetic (organic) materials – illustrating the wide range of applications. Finally, the technique is as non-destructive, provided the laser power is kept sufficiently low not to damage the artwork. In literature, the terms “non-invasive” and “non-destructive” are used, where the first term means that no sampling is involved, and the latter term indicates that no sample is taken or that during analysis the sample is not consumed (destroyed) and remains available for further analysis.

scholarly journals Raman Spectroscopy Enables Non-Invasive Identification of Mycotoxins p. Fusarium of Winter Wheat Seeds

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
Maksim N. Moskovskiy ◽  
Aleksey V. Sibirev ◽  
Anatoly A. Gulyaev ◽  
Stanislav A. Gerasimenko ◽  
Sergey I. Borzenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Seed Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopic Signatures ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Identification of specific mycotoxins p. Fusarium contained in infected winter wheat seeds can be achieved by visually recognizing their distinctive phenotypic species. The visual identification (ID) of species is subjective and usually requires significant taxonomic knowledge. Methods for the determination of various types of mycotoxins of the p. Fusarium are laborious and require the use of chemical invasive research methods. In this research, we investigate the possibility of using Raman spectroscopy (RS) as a tag-free, non-invasive and non-destructive analytical method for the rapid and accurate identification of p. Fusarium. Varieties of the r. Fusarium can produce mycotoxins that directly affect the DNA, RNA and chemical structure of infected seeds. Analysis of spectra by RS methods and chemometric analysis allows the identification of healthy, infected and contaminated seeds of winter wheat with varieties of mycotoxins p. Fusarium. Raman seed analysis provides accurate identification of p. Fusarium in 96% of samples. In addition, we present data on the identification of carbohydrates, proteins, fiber and other nutrients contaminated with p. Fusarium seeds obtained using spectroscopic signatures. These results demonstrate that RS enables rapid, accurate and non-invasive screening of seed phytosanitary status.

scholarly journals Moroccan Cedar softwood study: Application of FT-Raman spectroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 00014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somia Fellak ◽  
Abdellatif Boukir
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Ft Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Natural Degradation ◽  
Wood Surfaces ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Study Application ◽  
Ft Raman

As non-destructive technique, FT-Raman spectroscopy has been used to study the molecular structure and monitor changes in the composition of carbohydrates and lignin components containing wood materials. For this purpose, four samples originated from Moroccan cedar wood were analyzed. Following the FT-Raman spectra, it was found that carbohydrates were identified by the bands at 898, 1098, 1123 and 1456 cm-1, while lignin matrix was evaluated by the bands at 1657, 1598 and 1267 cm-1. The decrease of the intensities related to these feature bands reflects the effects of natural degradation phenomenon and shows the evidence of chemical changes and quick deterioration of these contents upon exposure time to natural degradation process. Thus, the FT-Raman tool has the potential to be one of crucial sources to characterize composite materials and to evaluate the chemical changes occurred on their structures under the influence of physico-chemical or biological attacks without causing any damage of the wood surfaces or their supports.

scholarly journals Raman spectroscopy enables phenotyping and assessment of nutrition values of plants: a review

Plant Methods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Z. Payne ◽  
Dmitry Kurouski
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Nutrition Value ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractOur civilization has to enhance food production to feed world’s expected population of 9.7 billion by 2050. These food demands can be met by implementation of innovative technologies in agriculture. This transformative agricultural concept, also known as digital farming, aims to maximize the crop yield without an increase in the field footprint while simultaneously minimizing environmental impact of farming. There is a growing body of evidence that Raman spectroscopy, a non-invasive, non-destructive, and laser-based analytical approach, can be used to: (i) detect plant diseases, (ii) abiotic stresses, and (iii) enable label-free phenotyping and digital selection of plants in breeding programs. In this review, we critically discuss the most recent reports on the use of Raman spectroscopy for confirmatory identification of plant species and their varieties, as well as Raman-based analysis of the nutrition value of seeds. We show that high selectivity and specificity of Raman makes this technique ideal for optical surveillance of fields, which can be used to improve agriculture around the world. We also discuss potential advances in synergetic use of RS and already established imaging and molecular techniques. This combinatorial approach can be used to reduce associated time and cost, as well as enhance the accuracy of diagnostics of biotic and abiotic stresses.

scholarly journals Research for the conservation of cultural heritage in the context of the circular economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (01) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
DORINA CAMELIA ILIEȘ ◽  
MIHAELA-CRISTINA LITE ◽  
LILIANA INDRIE ◽  
FLORIN MARCU ◽  
CĂLIN MOȘ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Material Defects ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
World Cultural Heritage ◽  
Fiber Breaks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Non Destructive

The heritage woven objects could be analyzed for defects hidden to the naked eye using non-invasive and non-destructive ultrasonography techniques. Ultrasonography is able to offer information about altered areas, such as gasps, interruptions, discontinuances, narrowed areas, fiber breaks, different densities of the material, defects caused by natural or anthropic factors: improper storage and exposure conditions, the presence of microorganisms and traces of their activity, mechanical causes etc. By recycling of the cotton fibers from other decrepit materials, which are not directly usable, the recondition and rendition of the national and world cultural heritage of these refurbished objects would be accomplished. The impact on the environment is diminished compared to the case when new cotton fibers are created.

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