scholarly journals Disability and ““Late Style”” in Music

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH N. STRAUS
Keyword(s):  
External Factors ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Piano Concerto ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Late Style ◽  
The Arts ◽  
String Trio ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Requiem Canticles

““Late style”” is a longstanding aesthetic category in all the arts. Late-style music is presumed to have certain internal qualities (such as fragmentation, intimacy, nostalgia, or concision) and to be associated with certain external factors (such as the age of the composer, his or her proximity to and foreknowledge of death, lateness within a historical period, or a sense of authorial belatedness with respect to significant predecessors). Upon closer inspection, it appears that many of these external factors are unreliably correlated with a musical style that might be described as late. Late style is often better correlated with the bodily or mental condition of the composer: most composers who write in what is recognized as a late style have shared experiences of non-normative bodily or mental function, that is, of impairment and disability. Composers inscribe their disabilities in their music, and the result is often correlated with what is generally called late style. Close readings of four modernist works serve to illuminate the concept: Stravinsky, Requiem Canticles; Schoenberg, String Trio; Bartóók, Third Piano Concerto; and Copland, Night Thoughts. In each case, I contend that the features of these works generally understood as markers of lateness are better understood in relation to the disabled bodies of their composers.

scholarly journals REAKTUALISASI GARAP MUSIK KESENIAN PENTHUL MELIKAN DI DUSUN MELIKAN DESA TEMPURAN KABUPATEN NGAWI

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Wahyu Paramita Jati ◽  
Suyoto Suyoto
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Human Ability ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstrak “ Reaktualisasi Garap Musik Kesenian Penthul Melikan Di Dusun Melikan Desa Tempuran Kabupaten Ngawi” pada dasarnya membahas garap musik kesenian Penthul Melikan Kabupaten Ngawi setelah mengalami perubahan yang kemudian disebut Reaktualisasi.Inti permasalahan yang diungkap dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana bentuk garap musik pada kesenian Penthul Melikan di Dusun Melikan, Desa Tempuran, Kecamatan Paron Kabupaten Ngawi (2) Faktor penyebab perubahan musik pada kesenian Penthul Melikan di Dusun Melikan, Desa Tempuran, Kecamatan Paron Kabupaten Ngawi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif, meliputi observasi, pengumpulan data, dan analisis data.Penelitian ini menggunakan teori, konsep-konsep, dan pemikiran dari beberapa tokoh. Landasan konseptual Reaktualisasi menurut Geriya bahwa adanya proses transformasi dalam perubahan bentuk dan fungsi namun tetap dalam esensi spesiesnya. Teori kreativitas diungkapkan Munandar, bahwa manusia yang memiliki kreativitas sehingga mampu untuk menciptakan sesuatu dari tidak ada menjadi ada, dari yang sudah ada menjadi lebih baru lagi. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan teori perubahan yang ditawarkan Boskoff ketika mengupas tentang perubahan atau pembaharuan, yang pada dasarnya disebabkan oleh dua faktor, yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Teori garap Supanggah, bahwasanya Reaktualisasi musik pada kesenian Penthul Melikan terdapat beberapa unsur garap meliputi; (1) materi garap, (2) penggarap, (3) sarana garap, (4) perabot garap, (5) penentu garap, dan (6) pertimbangan garap.Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh positif terhadap kesenian Penthul Melikan setelah mengalami reaktualisasi, adanya perubahan garap dan bentuk baru pada kesenian Penthul Melikan yang kemudian dinamakan Ganongan Melikan, membuat kesenian Penthul Melikan dengan bentuk dan garap yang lama kembali dikenal masyarakat dan semakin berkembang.Kata kunci: Reaktualisasi, Garap, Kesenian Penthul Melikan.Abstract“A reactualisation of the musical style of Penthul Melikan in Dusun Melikan, Desa Tempuran, Ngawi Regency” is a discussion of the musical style found in the Penthul Melikan performance which has changed through a process Geriya terms “reactualisation”. This research explores the following issues: 1) What is the musical style of Penthul Melikan in Dusun Melikan, Desa Tempuran, located within the Paron sub-district of the Ngawi Regency, as well as 2) the factors that changed the music of this art form. This qualitative research uses qualitiative methods including observation, data collection and data analysis. This research employs the theories, concepts and ideas of several figures. Geriya’s Reactualisation involves, as its foundation, a transformation within the art form in formal and functional qualities while nonetheless retaining the essence of its species. Munandar’s theory of creativity explores the human ability to create something from nothing, and the new from the currently existing. Change and renewal are discussed through Boskoff’s theory of change which focuses on internal and external factors. Supanggah’s theory of garap, which discusses the musical materials and tools at the disposal of the musicians is also relevant to studying the reactualisation of Penthul Melikan.The findings suggest that reactualisation has had a positive effect on Penthul Melikan, which later became known as Ganongan Melikan. This has allowed the former style of Penthul Melikan to re-enter its community and develop further.Keywords: Reactualisation, Garap, Penthul Melikan

scholarly journals Quality of life of blind people’s carers

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Lewandowski ◽  
Iwona Smotryś ◽  
Angelika Puls ◽  
Anita Radziejewska ◽  
Magda Płocharczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Sight Loss

Introduction: Quality of life is a multidimensional concept and a subjective value that depends on many factors. Disability caused by sight loss induces changes for both patients and their carers. The function of a blind person’s carer is usually performed by family members, whose limited knowledge limits their ability to help effectively and satisfactorily. This, in turn, may lead to their reduced sense of the quality of life.The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life of blind people’s carers.Materials and methods: The study was conducted September–October 2016 and involved 130 blind peoples’ carers using a diagnostic poll. Short Form Survey SF-36 and a specially designed questionnaire were used. The majority of participants were women (69.23%), married couples (63.1%), with high school education (40.77%).Results: Wellbeing self-assessment indicated that 36.15% of carers considered their mental condition to have worsened, while 43.08% remained at the same level when compared to 1 year earlier. Analysis of quality of life showed that carers very highly rated their physical functioning 59.46 ±26.35; social functioning 57.4 ±26.12; vitality 55.48 ±23.27; and emotional functioning 54.81 ±29.24.Conclusions: Quality of life tends to gradually deteriorate as the carers grow older. The carer’s educational background and the professional activity of the disabled person influence the assessment of the carer’s quality of life.

scholarly journals Materiality and the urban: recent theses in archaeology and material culture and their importance for the study of urban history

Urban History ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHERINE FENNELLY
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Archaeological Material ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Material Environment ◽  
Material Turn ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
Archaeological Sciences ◽  
Structured Approach

Half a century on from Ivor Noel Hume's reference to archaeology as the ‘handmaiden to history’, historical-period archaeology has come quite a way. From disparate origins, in anthropological approaches to material and rescue archaeology in North America, and industrial and buildings archaeology in Britain and Europe, the sub-discipline has coalesced into a structured approach to the recent past. Hume's comment is often misinterpreted as a critique of archaeology's supposed inferiority to history, yet his comment actually refers to the potential for archaeological material to inform historical narratives, fill in gaps and populate the histories of non-literate peoples with a material culture. Unfortunately, overlap between the two disciplines is still in relatively short supply. In light of the recent material turn in the humanities, however, as well as an increased interest amongst historians and geographers in engaging with material culture, archaeological approaches to artifacts, sites and built heritage are in a strong position to inform methods for examining the historical material environment. Collaboration is now not only necessary, but timely, and this review of theses is an attempt to further that potential for co-operation amongst those who study the past. The doctoral theses reviewed here explore changes and developments in the modern city from a material perspective, evidencing both the breadth of approaches and the potential for research in the arts and archaeological sciences to stimulate new studies across different disciplines.

A Multidimensional Scaling Analysis of Musical Style

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce O. Eastlund
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Scaling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Tonal Music ◽  
Dimensional Solution ◽  
Advanced Degrees ◽  
Similarity Ratings

This study was designed to define the dominant perceptual dimensions used by listeners in classification of music excerpts by style. In addition, similarity ratings of novice listeners, defined as those with limited training and expert listeners, defined as those with advanced degrees in music and at least 5 years of teaching experience, were compared. Subjects (N = 30) rated all possible pairings of fifteen 15-second excerpts drawn from European tonal music composed between 1762 and 1896. Analysis of data from each subgroup solution yielded a three- dimensional solution. When stimulus coordinates were compared, they were found to be significantly correlated. Therefore, the data were pooled. Multidimensional scaling techniques generated a three-dimensional stimulus configuration for the pooled data. Dominant dimensions for novice and expert musicians were interpreted as historical period, complexity or amount of information, and tempo.

Queen’s Jubilee

2021 ◽  
pp. 232-243
Author(s):  
Nick Braae
Keyword(s):  
Health It ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Late Style

Queen’s final album before Mercury’s death was widely viewed as a return to Queen’s distinct style, and also includes a number of reflective lyrics that were likely written with knowledge of the singer’s ill health. It is demonstrated how the title track embodies the idiolect principles of Queen’s 1970s output in terms of exploring new stylistic ground, while staying rooted in the familiar textural and arrangement patterns. Drawing on Said and Straus, Innuendo can be viewed as reflecting a ‘late style’ for Queen, but one that is defined by a retreat to a past musical style of their own, in contrast to other conceptions of this aesthetic defined in relation to classical composers.

LUZZASCHI'S SETTING OF DANTE: ‘QUIVI SOSPIRI, PIANTI, ED ALTI GUAI’

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 97-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Newcomb
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Late Style

This article examines the Ferrarese cultural context surrounding the virtually unprecedented choice of a text from Dante's Commedia for setting in Luzzaschi's Second Book of Madrigals of 1576. A particular focus is the quarrel in literary criticism of the early years of the 1570s over the place of Dante in the Italian literary firmament, and the position of the influential Modenese critic and philologist Lodovico Castelvetro in this quarrel. I speculate that Castelvetro, a subject of the duke of Ferrara, may have had a role in the choice of text. I also speculate that the disastrous Ferrarese earthquakes of the early years of the decade may have resounded for Ferrarese culture in the particular lines from the Commedia. Finally, I propose that the musical style chosen by Luzzaschi for this setting was an extraordinary and retrospective homage to the late style of his teacher Cipriano de Rore, another artistic figure intimately connected with the Este court. Both Rore and Castelvetro may be seen as icons of Ferrarese cultural prestige in the ongoing battle for precedence between the Este and the Medici.

scholarly journals REHABILITATION ENVIRONMENT FOR THE DISABLED: CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT IN SOCIOLOGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 270-281
Author(s):  
Milana I. Grigoreva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
External Factors ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Rehabilitation Potential ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Different Levels

The article discusses the research approaches applied in sociology and the ideas of authors from other fields of scientific knowledge with regard to the problem of people with disabilities and understanding of the essence of the rehabilitation environment for them. The humanization of modern society, its orientation towards the development and activation of weakly protected social groups, traditionally considered discriminated, requires, in this regard, a rethinking of scientific approaches to the problem of the disabled and the creation of full-fledged living conditions for their functioning, including the possibility of timely reception of social services and rehabilitation technologies within the framework of rehabilitation environment. The practical absence of the concept of «rehabilitation environment for a disabled person» in modern sociological science enables us to conduct an appropriate analysis and substantiate the essence of this category based on the structural-functional, institutional, systemic, constructivist, phenomenological, and other approaches. Following the results of this analysis, we present the levels and structure of the rehabilitation environment for people with disabilities, formulate its main functions and principles, and also determine the internal and external factors that influence its functioning. We conclude that the rehabilitation environment for a disabled person is the interaction of various forms of social and rehabilitation relations based on the presence of special conditions and resources for the implementation of vital needs and rehabilitation requests focused on the actualization of the rehabilitation potential, on a decent quality of life. The main elements of the rehabilitation environment are rehabilitation institutions at different levels of management (macro-, meso-, microlevel) with clearly expressed functions of subject-object regulation, etc.

scholarly journals Report on Mental Disability in Canadian Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-836
Author(s):  
Luis Romero
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Involuntary Commitment ◽  
Mental Disability ◽  
Canadian Law ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Health Institutions ◽  
The Law ◽  
Mental Health Institutions

This is the Canadian Report on the law regulating mental disability in Canadian law, prepared for the XIIIth Congress of the International Academy of Comparative Law held in Montréal in August 1990. The Report has been brought up to date to take account of subsequent changes in the law of the Canadian common law provinces and in the new Civil Code of Québec. In accordance with the instructions given to the national reporters in the above mentioned Congress, the Report first describes at length the law dealing with the civil effects of mental disability, such as the appointment and powers of guardians or curators to administer the property and take important personal decisions for persons with mental disabilities. The Report then discusses the law regulating the involuntary commitment of the mentally disabled to mental health institutions. The Report discerns common trends in the law of Québec and of the Canadian common law provinces. With regard to the appointment of guardians or curators the trend is to move away from judicial declarations of total incapacity, to encourage the self-reliance and cure of the disabled and to grant to the person in charge only those powers absolutely necessary for the protection of the disabled. With regard to the involuntary commitment to mental health institutions, the legislators have been faced with the problem of regulating a decision to deprive a person of her liberty on the basis of a judgment about her mental condition and her future needs, and not on the basis of the commission of a crime or the violation of any law. The legislative solution has been to clarify the standards and criteria which have to be considered before committing a person and to provide more procedural safeguards in the reaching of that decision as well as more opportunities to review and to appeal that decision.

scholarly journals Ketika Stress Beraksi Islam Punya Solusi

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Zaenal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
External Factors ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
Internal And External Factors

Stress is a mental condition that may results in the destruction of personal life, both physically and mentally. Stress may be driven by internal and external factors. Since it can negatively affect an individual, Islam offers some solution to face such condition

The 1945 Stravinsky Debates: Nigg, Messiaen, and the Early Cold War in France

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie A. Sprout
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The Political ◽  
Piano Concerto ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Student Protests ◽  
Pierre Boulez ◽  
French Composers ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Cold War

Abstract In spring 1945, a small group of students, among them Serge Nigg and Pierre Boulez, protested during the first performances in liberated Paris of the neoclassical works Stravinsky had composed in America. Whereas Boulez's biographers have interpreted the student protests as a sign of Renéé Leibowitz's successful promotion of serialism in France, scholars of the Cold War have seen the 1945 concerts as a precursor to Stravinsky's participation in the 1952 L'ŒŒuvre du XXe sièècle, a festival in Paris indirectly funded by the CIA. These interpretations subsume the immediate postwar period in France within a synchronic view of the early Cold War era. But the 1945 protests against Stravinsky were not about the decisive embrace of a single musical style; rather, they were about the desire of young French composers to play an active role in shaping the postwar future of music in France. In 1945, Nigg——and not Boulez——represented the aesthetic opinions of a generation of French composers who had grown up during the German occupation of Paris and the political aspirations of those who, like Nigg, flocked to the French Communist Party at war's end. Nigg's participation in the 1945 Stravinsky debates gives us occasion to examine his earliest musical compositions and the political opinions he would express with increasing ideological fervor in the 1950s. Although in verbal pronouncements he supported socialist realism, Nigg's rare and complex use of a French folk tune in his 1954 Piano Concerto betrays his ambivalence about the Soviet demand for communist composers to reject "falsely cosmopolitan tendencies" in favor of their national cultural heritage. Having rejected in 1945 both Stravinsky's neoclassicism and French nationalism (the latter tainted by associations with Vichy during the occupation), Nigg had to choose in the early Cold War between his aesthetic and political loyalties.

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