Age-related alterations of pituitary-thyroid function in normal female subjects and in female patients with simple goitre

1984 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Yamada ◽  
Motoji Naka ◽  
Ichiro Komiya ◽  
Kazuo Ichikawa ◽  
Toru Aizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Female Subjects

Abstract. Age-related alterations in pituitary-thyroid function were studied in 173 female patients with simple goitre and in 70 normal female subjects. They were divided into 4 groups according to age: A group, less than 19 years; B group, 20 to 29 years; C group, 30 to 39 years; D group, 40 to 59 years. Serum triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations decreased progressively but insignificantly with age in female patients with simple goitre and in normal female subjects, whereas serum thyroxine (T4) concentrations remained constant throughout the studied age range. Only in female patients with simple goitre, did basal serum TSH concentrations show a tendency to increase with age. However, thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated increase of serum TSH was progressively augmented with age both in female patients with simple goitre and in normal female subjects; the magnitude of change was greater in the former group. As reflected by acute increases of serum T3 and T4 concentrations, thyroidal responsiveness to endogenous TSH was progressively depressed with age in female patients with simple goitre and in normal female subjects. This age-related thyroidal refractoriness to TSH was more apparent when the changes were expressed as ΔT3(stimulated T3 – basal T3)/ΔTSH (maximum TSH after TRH – basal TSH), and ΔT4(stimulated T4 – basal T4)/ΔTSH. ΔT4/ΔTSH was lower in female patients with simple goitre than in normal female subjects in all age groups. However, the difference was significant only for ΔT4/ΔTSH in group A. Thyroidal responsiveness to exogenous TSH also gradually declined with age in female patients with simple goitre. Our data indicate 1) TRH-stimulated TSH secretion increases with age probably to overcome age-related thyroidal refractoriness to TSH and 2) although the thyroid of patients with simple goitre is slightly less responsive to TSH than that of normal subjects for all age groups, the difference was significant only for young patients.

Longitudinal force and stress of rat's esophagus: age-related changes.

1977 ◽  
Vol 232 (6) ◽  
pp. E580
Author(s):  
M P Zabinski ◽  
P Biancani
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Longitudinal Force ◽  
Active Stress ◽  
Length Relationship ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
The Difference

Longitudinal force-length relationship of the rat esophagus was studied in vitro in three age groups: 1 mo, 3 mo, and 12 mo. The length of maximum force development (MFD) occurs at 1.4-1.5 times the in vivo length for all age groups. The active force developed at MFD increases markedly with age. The difference in the active forces in the 3-mo and 12-mo age groups is due to differences in cross section because the active stress of the esophagus in the longitudinal direction is approximately equal for the two age groups. The active stress in the 1-mo-old rats is lower than in the 3-mo-old rats, suggesting an increased contractility of the esophagus with age in this period of development.

scholarly journals Differences in gait stability, trunk and foot accelerations between healthy young and older women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuge Zhang ◽  
Xinglong Zhou ◽  
Mirjam Pijnappels ◽  
Sjoerd M. Bruijn
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
Gait Stability ◽  
Exercise Habits ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Spatiotemporal Parameters ◽  
Lower Maximum ◽  
The Difference

AbstractBackgroundGait stability has been shown to be affected by age-related mobility problems, but exercise habits may reduce decline in gait stability. Our aim was to evaluate the variability and stability of feet and trunk between older healthy females and young females using inertial sensors.Method20 older females (OF; mean age 68.4, SD 4.1 years) and 18 young females (YF; mean age 22.3, SD 1.7 years) were asked to walk at their preferred speed, while kinematics were measured using inertial sensors on heels and lower back. Spatiotemporal parameters, acceleration characteristics and their variability, as well as trunk stability as assessed using the local divergence exponent (LDE), were calculated and compared between age groups with two-way ANOVA analyses.ResultsTrunk-foot vertical acceleration attenuation, foot vertical acceleration maximum and amplitude, as well as their variability were significantly smaller in OF than in YF. In contrast, for trunk mediolateral acceleration amplitude, vertical acceleration maximum and amplitude, as well as their variability were significantly larger in OF than in YF. Moreover, OF showed lower stability (i.e. higher LDE values) in ML acceleration, ML and VT angular velocity on the trunk.ConclusionThese findings suggest that healthy older females had a lower maximum toe clearance so that were more likely to trip. Moreover, the acceleration of trunk was sensitive to the difference between healthy older and young females, both in variability and stability. Combined, although older adults had exercise habits, our metrics indicate that they were less stable, which may increase the risk of tripping and balance loss.

scholarly journals Clinical case of a young patient with ischemic stroke and obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-357
Author(s):  
Fatima Kh. Dzgoeva ◽  
◽  
Evgenia V. Ekusheva ◽  
Evgenia V. Ekusheva ◽  
Diana S. Rafikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Stroke In Young Adults ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
History Of Obesity

Stroke in young adults is a serious medical and socio-economic problem. The relevance and complexity of the problem of ischemic stroke (IS) in young patients is due to insufficient knowledge of this issue, the complexity of medical and diagnostic aspects, as well as the difference in the causes of strokes from those in older age groups. Due to the variety of clinical manifestations, IS is of big interest for cardiologists, neurologists, obstetriciansgynecologists, hematologists, rheumatologists and is also relevant for endocrinologists and nutritionists. This article examines a clinical case of a patient with IS at a young age and a history of obesity and confirmed hemophilia.

Is Age Related Fibrinogen Affected by Warfarin?.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 4117-4117
Author(s):  
Roger C. Munro ◽  
Lisa J. Wakeman ◽  
Saad Al-Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Warfarin Group ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Gap ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Warfarin Treatment ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Introduction: There is published evidence which indicates that advancing age may be associated with higher plasma concentrations of fibrinogen. There is also evidence that derived fibrinogen values are significantly higher than Clauss measurements and that this discrepancy is greater in patients receiving warfarin. The purpose of this study was to determine whether age related derived fibrinogen levels are similar in both warfarin and non-warfarin groups. Methods: Venous samples were collected into siliconised glass B-D Vacutainers containing tri-sodium citrate (Ref: 367691) from 1000 patients receiving long term warfarin treatment and an equal number of age-matched patients not receiving warfarin. Genders were equally represented in both groups. Patients in both groups were categorized into 5 years age bands as follows: <40 n=23: 40–44 n=20: 45–49 n=43; 50–54 n=74: 55–59 n=113: 60–64 n=155: 65–69 n=178: 70–74 n=191: 75–79 n=124; 80–84 n=56: 85–89 n=23. Derived fibrinogen was measured in each patient on an ACL300R coagulometer (I L) within 1 hour of collection using IL PT-FIB HS Plus reagent and following the manufacturer’s protocol. Appropriate CLSI guidelines were followed throughout. A normal probability plot of the data was performed to confirm that it did not deviate too much from the normal distribution. Results: The T-test for independent samples using the separate variance estimate showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean fibrinogen between patients on warfarin and those not on warfarin (p<0.05) in each group except for the last (85–89 years). There was a statistically significant difference (ANOVA) in the fibrinogen levels of patients of different age in both warfarinised and non-warfarinised groups (p<0.05). The modified least significance procedure in the ANOVA test showed that in the non-warfarin group, most of significant difference in fibrinogen between the different age groups is contributed by the difference between patients under 50 years of age. In the non-warfarin group, it requires an age gap of at least 20 years for the difference in fibrinogen to be statistically significant but in the warfarin group, it only requires an age gap of ten years (p<0.05). Both Linear Regression and Cross Tabulation indicate that the relationship between fibrinogen and age does not vary whether or not the patient is on warfarin. These also show that the effect of age on fibrinogen is not affected by warfarin treatment. Conclusion: Differences or correlations detected in this analysis are of statistical significance but not necessarily clinically significant. Placing age and warfarin treatment in the same model shows that variations in fibrinogen have to be explained by other factors (e.g. technical) not included in the study as only 12% of the error in predicting fibrinogen levels can be reduced by knowing both the age and status of warfarin treatment in individual patients.

Estimation of Bone Matrix Apparent Stiffness Variation Caused by Osteocyte Lacunar Size and Density

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yener N. Yeni ◽  
Deepak Vashishth ◽  
David P. Fyhrie
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Apparent Stiffness ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Osteocyte Lacunar

The role of osteocyte lacunar size and density on the apparent stiffness of bone matrix was predicted using a mechanical model from the literature. Lacunar size and lacunar density for different bones from different gender and age groups were used to predict the range of matrix apparent stiffness values for human cortical and cancellous tissue. The results suggest that bone matrix apparent stiffness depends on tissue type (cortical versus cancellous), age, and gender, the magnitudes of the effects being significant but small in all cases. Males had a higher predicted matrix apparent stiffness than females for vertebral cancellous bone p<10−7)and the difference increased with age p=0.0007. In contrast, matrix apparent stiffness was not different between males and females for femoral cortical bone and increased with age in both males p<0.0001 and females p<0.0364. Osteocyte lacunar density and size may cause significant gender and age-related variations in bone matrix apparent stiffness. The magnitude of variations in matrix apparent stiffness was small within the physiological range of lacunar size and density for healthy bone, whereas the variations can be profound in certain pathological cases. It was proposed that the mechanical effects of osteocyte density be uncoupled from their biological effects by controlling lacunar size in normal bone.

Evidence for dopamine-related and TRH-related pituitary TSH and PRL pools in patients with prolactinoma

1991 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Hanew ◽  
Atsushi Utsumi ◽  
Akira Sugawara ◽  
Yasuyuki Shimizu ◽  
Kaoru Yoshinaga
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Single Administration ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Plasma Prl ◽  
Female Subjects

Abstract. The sources of TSH, which was excessively released by sulpiride (dopamine D2 receptor antagonist), were studied in 15 female patients with PRL-secreting adenoma (18-43 years). Sequential 3-day administration of sulpiride (100 mg, im) was given to 12 patients with prolactinoma and 6 normal female subjects (19-24 years). Patients with prolactinoma showed much greater TSH responses than normal subjects on the first day. However, TSH responses to sulpiride disappeared on the 2nd and 3rd day in both groups. In contrast, plasma PRL responses to the 1st sulpiride administration were smaller in patients with prolactinoma than in normal subjects, and the response disappeared following the 2nd administration in both groups. When TRH (500 μg, iv) was administered 120 min after the 3rd sulpiride injection, TSH and PRL increments were not different from those before the sulpiride injection in both patients with prolactinoma (N=6) and normal subjects (N=6) Further, combined administration of sulpiride and TRH in 5 patients with prolactinoma clearly enhanced the TSH and PRL responses compared with the single administration of each agent. These results suggest that there may be two readily releasable pituitary TSH and PRL pools, i.e. one dopamine-related and the other TRH-related, in patients with prolactinoma and normal female subjects.

scholarly journals Relationship of thyroid function with body fat, waist circumference, sub-cutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in eu-thyroid female subjects

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 822
Author(s):  
Sanhita Mukherjee ◽  
Debasis Deoghuria ◽  
Diptakanti Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Body Fat Percent ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Female Subjects

Background: The relationship between thyroid function, body weight and central obesity in euthyroid individuals has been given a great medical concern. Central abdominal adiposity can be divided into adipose tissue present in subcutaneous areas (SCAT) and visceral areas (VAT). The type of adiposity may be implicated in the associations of thyroid function parameters with obesity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate thyroid function and its possible relationship with BMI, body fat percent, waist circumference, SCAT and VAT in eu-thyroid female subjects.Methods: Randomly selected eu-thyroid female subjects were included in this study. Their BMI was estimated by metric method, body fat percent was measured by Harpenden skin fold caliper. Ultrasound (US) was used to assess regional adiposity. Serum TSH was measured from fasting serum sample by Enzyme-linked-immuno-sorbant (ELISA) Assay. Data was analysed by SPSS (version 18).Results: A positive linear association was found between serum TSH level and BMI, body fat percent, waist circumference and VAT. (r=0.342, p <0.002, r=0.628, p <0.00, r=0.289, p <0.009, r=0.375, p <0.000). No significant association was found with SCAT and TSH. There is gradual increase in serum TSH values among three BMI groups i.e. normal weight (BMI <23 kg/m2), over-weight (BMI 23.00-24.99 kg/m2), and obese (BMI >25 kg/m2) females. Body fat percentage, BMI and VAT were found to be significant independent predictors of TSH.Conclusions: Selective reduction of visceral fat may induce greater beneficial effects on the parameters of thyroid hormones than subcutaneous fat reduction. 

scholarly journals Morphological Study of Human Kidney – A Post Mortem Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
SM Nurul Hassan ◽  
Borhan Uddin Ahamed ◽  
Md Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Mansur Khalil ◽  
Mohsin Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Morphological Status ◽  
The Difference

Context: Retroperitoneal location of kidney implies much difficulties in management of renal diseases, specially for surgeons. Appropriate knowledge on three dimensional morphological status of kidney may be helpful for successful surgery of this region. So this study was performed to evaluate the age related changes in length, breadth and thickness of kidney collected from Bangladesh. Materials and methods: A cross sectional analytical type of study was conducted at the department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. A total of 70 (seventy) fresh human of right & left kidneys of both sexes were collected from the morgue of Mymensingh Medical College. The selected cases were between 5 to 60 years of age. The samples were divided into 3 different age groups (A: 05-15 years, B: 16-35 years, C: 36- 60 years) to observe the variations in length, breadth and thickness of kidney. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the values of length, breadth and thickness among these groups except the difference of values regarding breadth and thickness between group C & A which were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There were changes in the values of length, breadth and thickness of kidneys DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v11i1.20500 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy, January 2013, Vol. 11 No. 1 pp 3-6

Age-related changes in the biomechanics of left ventricular twist measured by speckle tracking echocardiography

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (4) ◽  
pp. H1705-H1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas M. van Dalen ◽  
Osama I. I. Soliman ◽  
Wim B. Vletter ◽  
Folkert J. ten Cate ◽  
Marcel L. Geleijnse
Keyword(s):  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Basal Rot ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Rotational Deformation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Age Related Changes

The increasing number and proportion of aged individuals in the population warrants knowledge of normal physiological changes of left ventricular (LV) biomechanics with advancing age. LV twist describes the instantaneous circumferential motion of the apex with respect to the base of the heart and has an important role in LV ejection and filling. This study sought to investigate the biomechanics behind age-related changes in LV twist by determining a broad spectrum of LV rotation parameters in different age groups, using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). The final study population consisted of 61 healthy volunteers (16–35 yr, n = 25; 36–55 yr, n = 23; 56–75 yr, n = 13; 31 men). LV peak systolic rotation during the isovolumic contraction phase (Rotearly), LV peak systolic rotation during ejection (Rotmax), instantaneous LV peak systolic twist (Twistmax), the time to Rotearly, Rotmax, and Twistmax, and rotational deformation delay (defined as the difference of time to basal Rotmax and apical Rotmax) were determined by STE using QLAB Advanced Quantification Software (version 6.0; Philips, Best, The Netherlands). With increasing age, apical Rotmax ( P < 0.05), time to apical Rotmax ( P < 0.01), and Twistmax ( P < 0.01) increased, whereas basal Rotearly ( P < 0.001), time to basal Rotearly ( P < 0.01), and rotational deformation delay ( P < 0.05) decreased. Rotational deformation delay was significantly correlated to Twistmax ( R2 = 0.20, P < 0.05). In conclusion, Twistmax increased with aging, resulting from both increased apical Rotmax and decreased rotational deformation delay between the apex and the base of the LV. This may explain the preservation of LV ejection fraction in the elderly.

Age-related changes in prolactin and growth hormone release from pituitary glands in vitro

1985 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Hall ◽  
S. Harvey ◽  
A. Chadwick
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Pituitary Glands

Abstract. The basal release of prolactin from cockerel anterior pituitary glands in vitro declined between 1 and 7 weeks of age, to a level less than that released by pituitary glands from 18 week old (adult) cockerels and hens. Basal growth hormone (GH) release increased between 1 and 7 weeks of age but had declined in adults to a level similar to that released from 4 weeks old cockerels. The responsiveness of the pituitary gland to hypothalamic stimulation, using hypothalami from 8 week old broiler fowl, was also age-related. Prolactin release was considerably higher from pituitaries of 1 week old cockerels compared to the other age groups. Stimulation of GH release by the hypothalamus was higher from pituitaries of both 1 and 7 week old cockerels compared to the other groups of birds. The increase in release of prolactin following incubation with thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) declined between 1 and 7 weeks, but increased slightly in adult birds, whereas the increase in release of GH following TRH was higher from pituitaries of both 1 and 7 week old cockerels. Hypothalamic prolactin (Prl) releasing activity, measured as the ability of the hypothalamus to stimulate hormone release from 8 week old broiler fowl anterior pituitary glands, declined with the age of the donor cockerels. The hypothalami from adult hens secreted significantly more Prl releasing activity than did adult cockerel hypothalami. The secretion of GH releasing activity decreased markedly with the age of the donor bird. These results suggest that maturational patterns of hormone secretion in fowl are partly due to changes in autonomous hormone release, to changing patterns of hypothalamic activity and to differences in pituitary responsiveness to provocative stimuli.

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