Role of prolactin in age-related change in serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate concentrations

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tohru Yamaji ◽  
Miyuki Ishibashi ◽  
Fumimaro Takaku ◽  
Akira Teramoto ◽  
Kintomo Takakura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Normal Women

Abstract. Serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate concentrations were measured in 70 patients with prolactinoma and in 54 patients with acromegaly with normal adrenocortical function. Compared with values in normal subjects of corresponding age, serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels were increased in 22 patients with prolactinoma (31%) and in 5 patients with acromegaly (9%). The four acromegalic patients who had elevated serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels had hyperprolactinemia. The mean serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate concentrations in patients with prolactinoma in each decade decreased with advancing age. There was a significant negative correlation between serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate concentrations and ages of the patients with prolactinoma. In all 8 women with prolactinoma as in 6 normal women, serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels declined definitely during the 9 years of follow-up despite persistent hyperprolactinemia. These results indicate that serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels are increased in a substantial number of patients with hyperprolactinemia, however, PRL per se may not play a significant role in the age-related change in serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels.

Nanosensors for therapeutic drug monitoring: implications for transplantation

Nanomedicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 2735-2747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashkan Shafiee ◽  
Elham Ghadiri ◽  
Jareer Kassis ◽  
Anthony Atala
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Organ Rejection ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Deceased Donors ◽  
Transplanted Organs ◽  
Further Development

The number of patients requiring organ transplantations is exponentially increasing. New organs are either provided by healthy or deceased donors, or are grown in laboratories by tissue engineers. Post-surgical follow-up is vital for preventing any complications that can cause organ rejection. Physiological monitoring of a patient who receives newly transplanted organs is crucial. Many efforts are being made to enhance follow-up technologies for monitoring organ recipients, and point-of-care devices are beginning to emerge. Here, we describe the role of biosensors and nanosensors in improving organ transplantation efficiency, managing post-surgical follow-up and reducing overall costs. We provide an overview of the state-of-the-art biosensing technologies and offer some perspectives related to their further development.

The Role of the General Practitioner in Managing Age-Related Hearing Loss: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-289
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Bennett ◽  
Nicole Conway ◽  
Susan Fletcher ◽  
Caitlin Barr
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

Purpose The purpose of this review was to examine the research activity relating to the role of the general practitioner (GP) in managing age-related hearing loss in older adults. Method A literature search of peer-reviewed journal articles published in English was conducted in online bibliographic databases using multiple variations of the keywords “general practitioner” and “hearing.” Results The search strategy identified 3,255 articles. The abstracts of all articles were screened with 124 full-text records subsequently assessed for eligibility. Forty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Conclusions For people with hearing loss, the GP can play an instrumental role in guiding appropriate and timely choices for addressing hearing concerns. There are a range of quick, easy, and sensitive methods available to GPs to assist the objective evaluation of hearing. The evidence suggests that implementing hearing screening programs targeting older adults will increase rates of hearing loss detection and subsequently increase the number of patients receiving hearing loss intervention. Education and training appear key to improving GPs’ screening, management, and referral of patients with hearing loss in the primary health care setting.

Abstract TP71: Delayed Lesion on Diffusion-Weighted Image is Not Uncommon in Elderly and Severe Stroke-Suspected Patients

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Kida ◽  
Kenichiro Sakai ◽  
Hiroki Takatsu ◽  
Takeo Sato ◽  
Teppei Komatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Favorable Outcome ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Ischemic Lesion ◽  
Nihss Score ◽  
Suspected Stroke

Introduction: No lesion on admission DWI but delayed appearance in the follow-up DWI are not uncommon in acute stroke. Our aim is to investigate clinical features of patients with delayed-high intensity area (DHIA) on follow-up DWI. Methods: We enrolled 1) TIA patients and 2) clinically suspected stroke patients sustaining a neurological deficit over 24 hours without ischemic lesion on initial DWI. Follow-up DWI was performed in 7 days after admission. We divided into two groups as follows; DHIA group and no hyper-intense lesion on initial and second DWI (NHIA group). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted on backgrounds, clinical courses including time from onset to MRI, symptom duration, and favorable outcome (mRS 0-1) in 3 months in both groups. Results: One hundred seventy-two cases were identified (male 68%, median age 66 yo, median NIHSS score 1, delayed-HIA group; 48 patients) between October 2012 and March 2019. DHIA group was older (72 yo vs 64 yo, p<0.001), higher NIHSS score on admission (1 vs 0, p=0.001), elevated serum BNP (42.5 pg/dL vs 15.6 pg/dL, p<0.001), D-Dimer (0.8 μg/mL vs 0.6 μg/mL, p=0.023). Then, favorable outcome was frequently observed in NHIA group (72% vs 88%, p=0.019). Time from onset to initial DWI of DHIA group was similar with those of NHIA group (130 min vs 148 min, p=0.142). Age and NIHSS score on admission were independent factors for DHIA (Age: OR 1.03, 95%CI 1.01-1.06, p=0.021, NIHSS on admission: OR 1.21, 95%CI 1.04-1.40, p=0.011). Conclusion: Follow-up DWI may play an important role of outcome biomarker in TIA and initially suspected stroke. Repeated MRI should be performed for elder and severe neurological deficits.

scholarly journals Varicocele treatment: A 2-centers comparison between non microsurgical open correction, laparoscopic approach and retrograde percutaneous sclerotization on 463 cases

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giangiacomo Ollandini ◽  
Giovanni Liguori ◽  
Stanislav Ziaran ◽  
Tomáš Málek ◽  
Giorgio Mazzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bivariate Regression ◽  
Open Surgical Procedure ◽  
Bivariate Regression Analysis

Objectives: To determine whether there are differences in sperm parameters improvement after different varicocele correction techniques. To determine the role of age in sperm parameters improvement. Methods: 2 different European centers collected pre- and postoperative sperm parameters of patients undergoing varicocele correction. Among 463 evaluated patients, 367 were included. Patients were divided in procedure-related and age-related groups. Ivanissevich inguinal open surgical procedure (OS), lymphatic-sparing laparoscopic approach (LSL) and retrograde percutaneous transfemoral sclerotization (RPS) were performed. As outcome measurements sperm count (millions/mL, SC) and percentage of mobile sperms were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate regression between the defined groups; bivariate regression analysis between age and sperm count and motility. Results: Number of patients: OS 78; LSL 85; RPS 204. Mean age 30.2 (SD 6.83); postoperative SC increased from 18.2 to 30.1 (CI 95% 27.3-32.9; p &lt; 0,001); motility from 25.6 to 32.56% (30.9-34.2; p &lt; 0.001). OS: SC varied from 16.9 to 18.2 (p &lt; 0.001); sperm motility from 29% to 33% (p &lt; 0.001). LSL: SC from 15.5 to 17.2 (p &lt; 0.001); motility from 27 to 31% (p &lt; 0.001). RPS: SC from 18.9 to 36.2 (p &lt; 0.001); motility from 24% to 32% (p &lt; 0.001). Univariate and multivariate analysis confirmed the significant difference of SC variation in RPS, compared to the other groups (p &lt; 0.001). No significance between LSL and OS (p = 0.826). No significant differences regarding motility (p = 0.8). Conclusions: Varicocele correction is confirmed useful in improving sperm parameters; sclerotization technique leads to a better sperm improvement compared to other studied procedures; improvement in seminal parameters is not affected by age of the patients treated.

scholarly journals The Value of CA 125 and CA72-4 in Management of Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah T. Fayed ◽  
Samira M. Ahmad ◽  
Samar K. Kassim ◽  
Ali Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Residual Disease ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Pelvic Masses ◽  
Radiometric Assay ◽  
Normal Women

The role of the tumor markers CA125 and CA72-4 has been evaluated in the diagnosis and management of ovarian cancer. Both markers were measured in 30 patients with proven epithelial ovarian cancer, 30 patients with benign pelvic masses and 30 normal women. CA125 and CA72-4 were measured using the luminometric immunoassay and immuno-radiometric assay respectively. All patients with ovarian cancer were submitted to surgical staging and cytoreduction followed by adjuvant platinum based chemotherapy for 3–6 courses. Fixing the specificity at 95%, CA125 had a sensitivity of 76.7% at a cut-off 85u/ml while CA72-4 had a sensitivity of 70% at a cut-off 8.5 u/ml. The combination of CA72-4 with CA125 increased the sensitivity to 95% while fixing the specificity at 95%. Among seven cases with stage I and II ovarian cancer five cases had CA125 level below 85 U/ml, three patients out of them had CA72-4 above 8.5 U/ml. CA 72-4 could reflect the residual disease following cytoreduction and could improve the detection of relapse by CA125.Conclusion: CA72-4 could complement the standard tumor marker CA125 both in diagnosis and follow up of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals The Role of HE4 in Ovarian Cancer Follow-up: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1359-1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Piovano ◽  
Lorenza Attamante ◽  
Chiara Macchi ◽  
Camilla Cavallero ◽  
Cesare Romagnolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Independent Predictive Factor ◽  
Secondary Cytoreductive Surgery ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Predictive Role

ObjectiveThe aim of this review was to analyze the state of the art about HE4 and follow-up in patients treated for ovarian cancer.MethodsA literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE database using the key words “HE4” and “ovarian cancer” and “recurrence” or “relapse” or “follow up.”ResultsSeven of 28 clinical studies were selected. Four studies were prospective, and all of them were based on a small number of patients (8–73 women). A failure of HE4 levels to normalize at completion of standard therapy may indicate a poor prognosis, thus suggesting the need of a closer follow-up. Moreover, HE4 showed better sensibility and specificity in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer recurrence with respect to CA-125, being also an earlier indicator of the relapse with a lead time of 5 to 8 months. HE4 showed a better performance in this setting if performed in association with other markers (CA-125, CA-72.4). HE4 seems to be an independent predictive factor for the surgical outcome at secondary cytoreductive surgery and to maintain its prognostic role even after the recurrence.ConclusionsThese preliminary data start to suggest a superiority of HE4 over CA-125 in the detection of ovarian cancer recurrence. Moreover, the prognostic role of HE4 could help clinicians to personalize the follow-up program, whereas its predictive role could be useful to plan the treatment of the relapse. The role of HE4 in ovarian cancer follow-up deserves to be further investigated in prospective randomized multicentric studies.

scholarly journals Association between ADAMTS13 deficiency and cardiovascular events in chronic hemodialysis patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Yuan Hung ◽  
Tsun-Mei Lin ◽  
Hung-Hsiang Liou ◽  
Ching-Yang Chen ◽  
Wei-Ting Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Adamts13 Activity ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Adamts13 Deficiency

AbstractA mild decrease of ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospodin type 1 motif 13) could attribute to stroke and coronary heart disease in general population. However, the role of ADAMTS13 in hemodialysis (HD) patients remains to be explored. This cross-sectional and observational cohort study enrolled 98 chronic HD patients and 100 normal subjects with the aims to compare the ADAMTS13 activity between chronic HD patients and normal subjects, and to discover the role of ADAMTS13 on the newly developed cardiovascular events for HD patients in a 2-year follow-up. Our HD patients had a significantly lower ADAMTS13 activity than normal subjects, 41.0 ± 22.8% versus 102.3 ± 17.7%, p < 0.001. ADAMTS13 activity was positively correlated with diabetes, triglyceride and hemoglobin A1c, and negatively with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in HD patients. With a follow-up of 20.3 ± 7.3 months, the Cox proportional hazards model revealed that low ADAMTS13, comorbid diabetes, and coronary heart diseases have independent correlations with the development of cardiovascular events. Our study demonstrated that chronic HD patients have a markedly decreased ADAMTS13 activity than normal subjects. Although ADAMTS13 seems to correlate well with diabetes, high triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, ADAMTS13 deficiency still carries an independent risk for cardiovascular events in chronic HD patients.

Patterns of spontaneous LH release in normo- and hyperprolactinaemic women

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maire T. Buckman ◽  
Glenn T. Peake ◽  
Laxima Srivastava ◽  
Josephine Morris ◽  
Barry David ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Period ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Plasma Prolactin ◽  
Early Follicular Phase ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
Lh Secretion

Abstract. Hyperprolactinaemia may be associated with functional amenorrhoea. In order to evaluate the possible role of abnormal spontaneous LH secretion in hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoeic women, plasma LH was measured at 15 min intervals for 300 min in 12 normal women during the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and compared to that observed in 11 hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoeic subjects. Mean plasma prolactin was 9.1 ± 3.6 ng/ml (x̄ ± sem) in the euprolactinaemic and 168 ± 32 ng/ml in the hyperprolactinaemic group. Sex steroids including oestrone, oestradiol, progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone were similar in the 2 groups. Mean plasma LH levels over the 300 min sampling period were 9.4 ± 1.6 mIU/ml in the normal subjects and 7.5 ± 1.0 mIU/ml in the hyperprolactinaemic patients (P>0.10). Every normal woman exhibited at least one LH spike in excess of 10 mIU/ml. Five hyperprolactinaemic patients failed to exhibit any LH spikes above 10 mIU/ml (P < 0.02 compared to controls). Thus, hyperprolactinaemia was associated with an absence of LH spike activity in 45% of patients studied and this abnormality may play an aetiologic role in the hypogonadism observed in these subjects; in those hyperprolactinaemic subjects with pulsatile LH secretion, however, other explanations for their amenorrhoea should be considered.

Kidner Procedure for Symptomatic Accessory Navicular and Its Relation to Pes Planus

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 500-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somchai Prichasuk ◽  
Opas Sinphurmsukskul
Keyword(s):  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Tibialis Posterior ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Pes Planus ◽  
Tibialis Posterior Tendon ◽  
Accessory Navicular ◽  
Tendon Insertion

The role of relocation of tibialis posterior tendon insertion in the treatment of symptomatic accessory navicular and its relation to the pes planus was studied in 28 patients with symptomatic accessory navicular. Two hundred non-affected individuals were used as control. The calcaneal pitch angle measured radiographically, was used as an indicator of pes planus. All patients had had an excision of the accessory navicular and relocation of the tibialis posterior tendon insertion (Kidner procedure). The average follow-up was 3.2 years. The results were good in 27 patients, and fair in 1 patient, and there were no poor results. Most of the patients demonstrated that the pain and the fatigue signs of the foot and the leg have been improved. Only 3 of 25 patients clinically showed an improvement of the medial longitudinal arch. The calcaneal pitch angle in patients with symptomatic accessory navicular was significantly (14.8°) lower than that in normal subjects (21.4°). An association of pes planus and symptomatic accessory navicular was shown. The Kidner procedure gave good results in the relief of pain and fatigue in patients with symptomatic accessory navicular. The procedure did not significantly restore the height of the medial arch.

A large prospective trial of children with unilateral retinoblastoma with and without histopathologic high-risk features and the role of adjuvant chemotherapy: A Children’s Oncology Group (COG) study.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9515-9515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murali M. Chintagumpala ◽  
Bryan Langholz ◽  
Ralph Eagle ◽  
Daniel Albert ◽  
Mohammed Javed Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
International Study ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Definition Of

9515 Background: The definition of histopathologic high-risk features (HRF) in enucleated eyes of children with unilateral retinoblastoma and their contribution to metastases is controversial. The COG completed a large, prospective international study to determine the prevalence of strictly defined histopathologic HRF that are predictors of recurrence and the role of chemotherapy to prevent recurrences. Methods: All patients who underwent enucleation for unilateral retinoblastoma were eligible for the study. Pathology slides were submitted for central review within 21 days of enucleation. Patients with evidence of one or more high-risk features (posterior uveal invasion grades IIC and D, concurrent optic nerve and choroid involvement and post-lamina optic nerve involvement) as determined by central review, received 6 cycles of chemotherapy consisting of carboplatin, vincristine and etoposide. All others were observed. All patients were followed for extraocular recurrences. Results: Patients were enrolled from February of 2005 until May 2010. As of July 2011, the median follow-up from enrollment was 1.9 years (max=5.3 years). Of 312 patients with central histopathology review, 49 patients had their risk classification changed (13% with no HRF had HRF, 24% with HRF had no HRF). Two patients developed extraocular disease and one patient died of unknown cause. The death and one of the extraocular relapses occurred among the 93 (2/93=2.2%, upper 95% CI 3.4%) patients assigned by the central review to receive chemotherapy, while one patient experienced extraocular relapse among the 209 (1/209=0.5%, upper 95% CI 0.6%) assigned to observation only. There is no evidence of a difference in the EFS and OS in these two groups. Conclusions: Preliminary results strongly suggest that a central review of pathology can spare a significant number of patients from exposure to chemotherapy. Chemotherapy may have contributed to fewer relapses in patients with high-risk features as defined in this study. The preliminary results from this study indicate an excellent outcome with this approach.

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