scholarly journals Vanishing hypercalciuric kidney stones after treating underlying acromegaly

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eline van der Valk ◽  
Tom Tobe ◽  
Aline Stades ◽  
Alex Muller
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
List Type ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Short Overview ◽  
Learning Points

Summary A 53-year-old male presented with recurrent calcium oxalate kidney stones as a first sign of underlying acromegaly, which vanished when his acromegaly was controlled. The exact mechanism behind hypercalciuria and urolithiasis in acromegaly is not yet clear. By discussing this case, a short overview of the pathophysiology of hypercalciuria in acromegaly and practical insights are given. Learning points Hypercalciuria is a common finding in acromegaly. There are only few reports describing hypercalciuric kidney stones in acromegaly. We assume that in acromegaly there is a primary role of IGF1-mediated, PTH-independent increase in calcitriol synthesis resulting in hypercalciuric kidney stones.

scholarly journals Macroprolactinoma appearing after resolution of hydrocephalus

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar D Bruno ◽  
Ricardo Fernández Pisani ◽  
Gabriel Isaac ◽  
Armando Basso
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Adenoma ◽  
Pituitary Tumour ◽  
Empty Sella ◽  
List Type ◽  
Liquid Pressure ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
Pressure Resistance ◽  
Learning Points

Summary The role of mechanical forces influencing the growth of a pituitary adenoma is poorly understood. In this paper we report the case of a young man with hyperprolactinaemia and an empty sella secondary to hydrocephalia, who developed a macroprolactinoma following the relief of high intraventricular pressure. Learning points: The volume of a pituitary tumour may be influenced not only by molecular but also by local mechanical factors. Intratumoural pressure, resistance of the sellar diaphragm and intracranial liquid pressure may play a role in the final size of a pituitary adenoma. The presence of hydrocephalus may hide a pituitary macroadenoma.

scholarly journals Plasma exchange in the treatment of thyroid storm secondary to type II amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Zhu ◽  
Sueziani Binte Zainudin ◽  
Manish Kaushik ◽  
Li Yan Khor ◽  
Chiaw Ling Chng
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Exchange ◽  
Thyroid Storm ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Bridging Therapy ◽  
Session Type ◽  
Learning Points ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

Summary Type II amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT) is an uncommon cause of thyroid storm. Due to the rarity of the condition, little is known about the role of plasma exchange in the treatment of severe AIT. A 56-year-old male presented with thyroid storm 2months following cessation of amiodarone. Despite conventional treatment, his condition deteriorated. He underwent two cycles of plasma exchange, which successfully controlled the severe hyperthyroidism. The thyroid hormone levels continued to fall up to 10h following plasma exchange. He subsequently underwent emergency total thyroidectomy and the histology of thyroid gland confirmed type II AIT. Management of thyroid storm secondary to type II AIT can be challenging as patients may not respond to conventional treatments, and thyroid storm may be more harmful in AIT patients owing to the underlying cardiac disease. If used appropriately, plasma exchange can effectively reduce circulating hormones, to allow stabilisation of patients in preparation for emergency thyroidectomy. Learning points Type II AIT is an uncommon cause of thyroid storm and may not respond well to conventional thyroid storm treatment. Prompt diagnosis and therapy are important, as patients may deteriorate rapidly. Plasma exchange can be used as an effective bridging therapy to emergency thyroidectomy. This case shows that in type II AIT, each cycle of plasma exchange can potentially lower free triiodothyronine levels for 10h. Important factors to consider when planning plasma exchange as a treatment for thyroid storm include timing of each session, type of exchange fluid to be used and timing of surgery.

scholarly journals MP07-07 PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE ROLE OF SELECTIVE REGULATION OF CaSR-CLAUDIN-14 PATHWAY IN THE FORMATION OF CALCIUM OXALATE KIDNEY STONES IN RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 206 (Supplement 3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Qian ◽  
Zhiqiang Hao ◽  
Jingshen Wang ◽  
Xiaofeng Zou ◽  
Guoxi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Claudin 14

scholarly journals Acute obstruction of a mechanical aortic valve in a young woman: case report and review of the literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. K1-K5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Roshdy ◽  
Georgios T Karapanagiotidis ◽  
Mazin A I Sarsam ◽  
Simon N Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
List Type ◽  
Pannus Formation ◽  
Acute Obstruction ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Learning Points

SummaryAcute aortic valve obstruction is a medical and surgical emergency necessitating intensive care unit admission. The differential diagnosis includes thrombosis, pannus formation or vegetations. The diagnosis should be obtained as soon as possible, with possible orientation towards the cause. Different diagnostic modalities exist nowadays. Notably, the transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) offers a diagnosis and a guide for management. Surgical treatment remains of choice despite growing evidence about a benefit of combined thrombolytic and anticoagulation line of management.Learning pointsAcute management and resuscitation of acute valvular obstruction.Differential diagnosis and role of echo in the diagnosis.Management options.

scholarly journals Нефролітіаз у корів: діагностика забійних тварин

2019 ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
Н. С. Канівець
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Serous Fluid ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Ammonium Urate

Мета статті – висвітлити дані стосовно захворювання великої рогатої худоби на нефролітіаз у Полтавській області з урахуванням уже наявних літературних даних щодо поширення вказаної патології. Методика дослідження. У процесі виконання роботи проводили ветеринарно-санітарну експертизу внутрішніх органів (нирок) великої рогатої худоби при забої, виявляли органолептично нефроліти та визначали їх параметри. Результати дослідження. У роботі наведено результати досліджень щодо ураження нирок корів нефролітами. Нефролітіаз був встановлений у п’яти (2,1 %) із 243 голів. Виявлено локалізацію ниркових каменів,  величину, масу  та колір. Елементи наукової новизни. Невеликі камені (пісок) у корів виявлені  в  ниркових чашечках. Практична значущість. З’ясування ролі екологічних та аліментарних факторів у розвитку ниркових каменів у корів заслуговують на увагу. The purpose of the article is to highlight data on bovine nephrolithiasis disease in Poltava region, taking into account the available information on spreading of this pathology. Research methods. In the process of work we conducted veterinary-sanitary expert examination of the internal organs (kidneys) of cattle at slaughtering, organoleptically detected nephroliths and determined their parameters. Research results.  The results of the conducted veterinary-sanitary expert examination revealed stones in the kidneys in five animals, which was about 2.1 % of the total number of slaughtered animals. Uroliths were localized, mainly in the ureter, and less frequently in the calix renalis. Kidney stones were of different sizes from 1 to 14 mm, in some cases, very small stones in the form of sand grains, the so-called renal sand. At the same time, uroliths differed in shape. The some stones were large and solid, others were small and sandy. Externally, they had a smooth or rough (thorny) surface. The color varied from light gray to yellow-gray. The weight of uroliths varied from 2.1 mg (the smallest stones) to 0.98 g (the largest stones). Not rarely, during examining the kidneys, isolated cysts of different sizes were detected, which were filled with light-serous fluid. The analysis of calculus showed its mixed composition (calcium oxalate, magnesium phosphate, calcium phosphate and ammonium urate), which is similar to the results of other researchers and it is coordinated with the hypothesis of the diversity of uroliths’ composition in cattle. The elements of scientific novelty. Small stones (sand) are found in the calix renalis of cows. Practical significance. Clarifying the role of ecological and alimentary factors in the development of kidney stones in cows deserves attention.

scholarly journals Calcium Oxalate Nephrolithiasis and Gut Microbiota: Not just a Gut-Kidney Axis. A Nutritional Perspective

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ticinesi ◽  
Antonio Nouvenne ◽  
Giulia Chiussi ◽  
Giampiero Castaldo ◽  
Angela Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Oxalobacter Formigenes ◽  
Oxalate Secretion ◽  
Gut Mucosa ◽  
Urinary Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Oxalate

Recent studies have shown that patients with kidney stone disease, and particularly calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, exhibit dysbiosis in their fecal and urinary microbiota compared with controls. The alterations of microbiota go far beyond the simple presence and representation of Oxalobacter formigenes, a well-known symbiont exhibiting a marked capacity of degrading dietary oxalate and stimulating oxalate secretion by the gut mucosa. Thus, alterations of the intestinal microbiota may be involved in the pathophysiology of calcium kidney stones. However, the role of nutrition in this gut-kidney axis is still unknown, even if nutritional imbalances, such as poor hydration, high salt, and animal protein intake and reduced fruit and vegetable intake, are well-known risk factors for kidney stones. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the gut-kidney axis in nephrolithiasis from a nutritional perspective, summarizing the evidence supporting the role of nutrition in the modulation of microbiota composition, and their relevance for the modulation of lithogenic risk.

scholarly journals Mildew Locus O facilitates colonization by arbuscular mycorrhiza in angiosperms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine N. Jacott ◽  
Myriam Charpentier ◽  
Jeremy D. Murray ◽  
Christopher J. Ridout
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
List Type ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Symbiotic Associations

SummaryLoss of barley Mildew Resistance Locus O (MLO) is known to confer durable and robust resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis), a biotrophic fungal leaf pathogen. Based on the increased expression of MLO in mycorrhizal roots and its presence in a clade of the MLO family that is specific to mycorrhizal-host species, we investigated the potential role of MLO in arbuscular mycorrhizal interactions.Using mutants from barley, wheat, and Medicago truncatula, we demonstrate a role for MLO in colonization by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Rhizophagus irregularis.Early mycorrhizal colonization was reduced in mlo mutants of barley, wheat and Medicago truncatula, and this was accompanied by a pronounced decrease in the expression of many of the key genes required for intracellular accommodation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.These findings suggest that the primary role of MLO in angiosperms is in the establishment of symbiotic associations with beneficial fungi, which has been appropriated by powdery mildew.

scholarly journals A conserved role of the insulin-like signaling pathway in uric acid pathologies revealed in Drosophila melanogaster

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Lang ◽  
Neelanjan Bose ◽  
Kenneth A. Wilson ◽  
Deanna J. Brackman ◽  
Tyler Hilsabeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Urate Oxidase ◽  
List Type ◽  
Genetic Pathways ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Ros Formation ◽  
High Uric Acid

SummaryElevated uric acid (UA) is a key factor for disorders, including gout or kidney stones and result from abrogated expression of Urate Oxidase (Uro) and diet. To understand the genetic pathways influencing UA metabolism we established a Drosophila melanogaster model with elevated UA using Uro knockdown. Reduced Uro expression resulted in the accumulation of UA concretions and diet-dependent shortening of lifespan. Inhibition of insulin-like signaling (ILS) pathway genes reduced UA and concretion load. In humans, SNPs in the ILS genes AKT2 and FOXO3 were associated with UA levels or gout, supporting a conserved role for ILS in modulating UA metabolism. Downstream of the ILS pathway UA pathogenicity was mediated partly by NADPH Oxidase, whose inhibition attenuated the reduced lifespan and concretion accumulation. Thus, genes in the ILS pathway represent potential therapeutic targets for treating UA associated pathologies, including gout and kidney stones.HighlightsIn Drosophila high uric acid (UA) levels shorten lifespan and cause UA aggregationConserved in flies and humans, the ILS pathway associates with UA pathologiesFoxO dampens concretion formation by reducing UA levels and ROS formationInhibition of NOX alleviates the lifespan attenuation and UA aggregation

Sports Photography and Historical Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-115
Author(s):  
Miloš Stamenković
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Primary Role

SummarySports photography undoubtedly has a significant place in sports press and publicism. It’s main and primary role is to present sports to the readers as art, which it is. Sport is characterized by dynamic and varied movements, and the main role of sports photography is reflected in the fact that it is in this way that sport shows its essence. Having in mind that photography tells more than a thousand words it sends a clear message to the reader as well to people who are informed about events via sports portals. Sports photography is a multidimensional art for many reasons. When we say “multi”, it primarily refers to a wider range that sports photography has to offer, which means sports photography is not only directed at presenting athletes on the move and the main actors who contribute to achieving the results by their engagement – it also has the role of sports “psychophotography” which is an analysis and capture of the emotional reaction of an athlete after winning or losing from the opposing team.

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