Contemporary Transformations in the Global Pharmaceuticals Industry and Strategic Imperatives for Bangladesh Enterprises

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 799-814
Author(s):  
Md. Abu Zafor Sadek ◽  
◽  
Syed Ferhat Anwar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Price Competition ◽  
Drug Approval ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Regular Growth ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Global Player ◽  
Basic Transformation ◽  
Growth Projection

Global pharmaceuticals industry is expected to reach $1.5 trillion by 2021 with a moderate growth of 4%-7% although it was almost 9% in the recent past (IMS, 2016). This changes in the regular growth projection is due to some basic transformation in this sector among which gradual reduction of blockbuster era, innovation crisis, requirement of high R&D investment, reduced health budget by many governments, emergence of biosimilars and traditional medicines, uneven price competition, drug approval stagnation, institutional buying, strict regulatory guidelines are important. Nevertheless, Bangladesh pharmaceuticals industry is now a promising global player with a domestic market size of $2 billion (BAPI, 2017). This sector is exporting medicines to 127 countries including USA, UK and other regulated countries with a global market capitalization of almost $ 82.11 million after meeting 98% of the local demands. The average growth in domestic and export markets are 15% and 24% respectively (The Daily Star, 2017 & BAPI, 2017). Although this industry seems to be very flourishing both in domestic and global market but it is highly dependent on other countries considering researches and technologies that would be major setbacks in the upcoming days. Therefore, this study illustrates the contemporary transforming in global pharmaceuticals industry & suggests some strategic imperatives for Bangladesh enterprises.

scholarly journals Value-added analysis of the electric vehicle battery industry in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 (1) ◽  
pp. 012079
Author(s):  
I Suherman ◽  
S Rochani ◽  
D Cahyaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Battery Cell ◽  
A Value ◽  
Acid Leach ◽  
Global Player ◽  
Electric Vehicle Battery ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Battery Industry

Abstract The establishment of the Indonesian Battery Corporation is a step forward to make Indonesia a global player in the electric vehicle battery industry. This state-owned consortium is mandated to develop an integrated electric vehicle battery industry ecosystem from upstream to downstream. Indonesia has around six companies developing High-Pressure Acid Leach processing and refining projects. Battery production for Indonesian electric vehicles is estimated to contribute approximately 12.7% to the global market by 2035. A value-added analysis approach model is estimated to increase Gross Domestic Product by $21,434 billion. In addition, the impact on job creation is around 42,603 people. This estimation can be implemented with some supports, such as partners with proven technology and significant capital to build the precursor and cathode industries, battery cell and battery industries, and the electric vehicle industry and policies related to development.

Advanced Aero-Engines Technology Enablers: An Overview of the European Project E-BREAK

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Silva ◽  
Nicolas Tantot ◽  
Serge Selezneff ◽  
Mike Walsh ◽  
Rose Nyatando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Market ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Enabling Technologies ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
Aero Engines

This paper describes research carried out in the European Commission co-funded project E-BREAK (Engine BREAK through components and subsystems) focused on development of generic enabling technologies for new aero-engines. A global market forecast (2015–2034) from Airbus [1], depicts an average growth rate of 4.6% per year. Air traffic is forecasted to double in the next 15 years. It is expected, to triple in the next 20 years, according to the speech given by RRUK CEO during the Aerodays 2015 in London [2]. This high level of growth in demand for air travel represents huge opportunities as well as significant challenges for the aerospace industry. Research and Technology through collaborative European projects addresses the environmental penalties of air traffic. Europe’s aviation industry therefore faces a huge challenge to satisfy the demand whilst guaranteeing competitiveness, safety and more environmentally friendly air travel. Innovative engine configurations consequently need to be investigated in order to reduce significantly the pollutant emissions (15 to 20% for fuel consumption and CO2 and 80% reduction for NOx). Such reductions can only be achieved by considering innovative components that could be integrated and optimized in new engine configurations. In response to the above demands, aero-engine manufacturers are constantly aiming to improve gas turbine efficiency for two main reasons: to reduce environmental impact and to minimize operating costs. The E-BREAK project is aimed at the development of generic enabling technologies needed to address the challenges for future engines with higher overall pressure ratios (OPR) and bypass ratio (BPR). These technologies are developed at subsystem and component level and validated in test rigs which are equivalent to Technical Readiness Level (TRL) 5. The utility of the developed technologies are assessed using four standard study powerplants. These are turboshaft, regional turbofan, mid-size open rotor, and large turbofan, covering most of the expected future commercial aero-engine market. This article describes the technical approach followed in E-BREAK for the various technologies being investigated, these are: • Advanced sealing to reduce oil and air leakages • Variability control to ensure stability of thermodynamic cycle • High temperature resistant material and abradables to prevent fast degradation at high temperatures • Light material to prevent significant mass increase • Health monitoring system to anticipate sub-systems degradation The envisaged outcomes from E-BREAK are enablers to other EU-funded research projects focused on module maturation progress, such as LEMCOTEC dealing with high OPR modules and ENOVAL dealing with high BPR LP components.

scholarly journals The influence of traditional Iranian and Chinese medicine on western and islamic countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian ◽  
Wenli Sun ◽  
Qi Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Spiritual Healing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Religious Text

Traditional Chinese and Iranian medicine are ancient medical and health care systems that still forms an important part of diagnosis and treatment systems in Iran, China and other parts of the world. The integration of these two systems and modern biomedicine is also an important issue. Iranian and Chinese traditional medicines recommended for health promotion and well-being. Chinese herbal drugs have been described by medieval Muslim medical scholars such as Tabari, Rhazes, Haly Abbas, Avicenna and Jurjani (1137 CE). Traditional Chinese and Iranian medicine play an important role in sustainable agriculture and food systems, it also offers a holistic approach to prevent diseases while making appropriate use of organic and herbal products especially growth by small-scale family farmers. Both Iranian and Chinese traditional medicines may help to balance temperature, and both can be health prevention and preservation. Traditional healing practices consist of Islamic religious text based practices, Islamic worship practices and folk healing practices, Islamic religious text based practices are included spiritual healing, medicinal herbs, applied therapy and dietary prescriptions. At present, herbal medications or related products in the global market are derived from Chinese herbs, Indian herbs, Iranian herbs, Arabic herbs, and Western herbs. Herbal remedies may also be classified into three categories, namely, modern herbs, theoretical herbs, and empirical herbs, in accordance with their nature/characteristics and the nature of current usage. Traditional Chinese Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2019, 5(2): 94-99

The Missed and Missing Benefits to Africa in the Absence of Harmonized International Regulation of Traditional Medicinal Knowledge

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Senai W. Andemariam
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Global Market ◽  
African Continent ◽  
International Regulation ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
International Economic Law ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
International Instruments ◽  
Plant Sources

AbstractThe WHO estimates that traditional medicine(s) (TM) are used in every country around the world in some capacity and that in much of the developing world 70–95% of the population relies on these TM for primary care. It is estimated that at least 25% of all modern medicines are derived, either directly or indirectly, from medicinal plants and that in the case of certain classes of pharmaceuticals, this percentage may be as high as 60%. Some sources claim that that nearly a quarter of all pharmaceutical products worldwide are derived from plant sources. There is a global increase in interest in the use of TM and with it the global expenditure on TM. In 2005, for instance, the global market for traditional medicines was estimated at US$ 60 billion, reached US$ 83 billion in 2008 and is expected to reach US$ 114 billion by 2015.Africa prides itself as one of the most important pools for this globally important resource. Experience has, however, shown that both at national and at international levels, the continent has not yet been able to benefit from the international trade of TM. The regulation of TM is yet to become comprehensive at international and national levels. Yet, traditional medicinal knowledge has hitherto attracted only a fragmented regulatory attention by international organizations such as the WTO which focus on the various interests that TM represents. Although the harmonized regulation of the environmental, health, intellectual property, trade, cultural heritage, human rights, development and other interests on TM can be a complicated assignment, this article will attempt to show how the rules of international economic law, in tandem with other relevant international instruments, can bring benefit to the African continent by setting rules for sustainable exploitation of TM.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN THE INDUSTRY OF TEXTILE AND TEXTILE PRODUCTS IN INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Muhamad Nur Wafi ◽  
Dyah Wulan Sari, Ph.D
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Textile Products

This study aims to analyze the growth of TFP in the textile industry and textile product (TPT) in Indonesia. Productivity analysis is carried out to determine the extent of performance development and how efficient the textile industry in Indonesia. Calculation of the growth value of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) by decomposing the components of TFP namely TEC, TC, and SEC using the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA). This study uses the type of firm level TPT data in the years 2010-2014. The data used is secondary data which is the result of an annual survey of large and medium manufacturing industry companies conducted by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in the form of raw data. The data is in the form of unbalance raw data which is then selected and adjusted to balance data. With 2 industry groups namely the textile industry (ISIC 13) and the garment industry (ISIC 14). Based on the results of the study showed that the average value of TFP growth in 2010-2014 experienced negative growth or <1, this is due to the average growth value of TEC, SEC, and TC which decreased and tended to have negative values in the study period. This shows that the level of efficiency, use of technology, and scale of efficiency of the textile industry tends to be weak in the 2010-2014 period. The reduced level of industrial productivity can affect the decline in the competitiveness of textile products in the global market. Keywords: Textile Industry and Textile Products (TPT), Total Factor Productivity (TFP), Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA)Jel : L67, C23; O47

scholarly journals Analysis of the impact of the construction sector on Colombian economy

Tecnura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (66) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Jorge-Andrés Sarmiento-Rojas ◽  
Juan Sebastian Gonzalez-Sanabria ◽  
Carlos Gabriel Hernández Carrillo
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Construction is one of the fastest growing and most important economic sectors worldwide, mainly due to its impact on job creation, trade in materials and the creation of essential infrastructure for social development. However, the behavior of the global market has recently been immersed in an environment of economic and political uncertainty, causing trade and industrial production to show signs of vulnerability. Despite the unfortunate ones established in the global economy, there will be moderate growth in rankings of developing countries like Colombia in different sectors. Methodology: Consequently, this research focused on analyzing the construction sector starting from its historical impact on Colombian economic development and its relationship with external phenomena, to the evaluation of macroeconomic indicators, supply and demand for capital goods, infrastructure and job creation through the formulation of projects in this sector, which are differential for having a public investment effect in the construction of houses and civil works. Results and conclusions: Likewise, deduce a weak recovery in the general market in relation to the factors surrounding the construction sector, evaluate and focus trends and the impact on the formulation of construction projects in the Colombian economy.

scholarly journals Sri Lanka’s Tea Economy: Issues and Strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ismail Mujahid Hilal
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
Value Added ◽  
International Market ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Tea Industry ◽  
The Government

While the competitiveness of the Sri Lanka&rsquo;s tea is declining in the global market, it is very important for Sri Lankan tea to evidently identify the reasons for declining competitiveness and how Sri Lanka can face this challenge fulfilling the demand of global market. The Sri Lankan tea industry has lost its market leadership position in the global market. With declining production, increasing cost of production, low farm productivity and price competition in the international market, Sri Lankan tea industry has lost its competitive advantage. Secondary data and primary data have been used for this study. 53 interviews have been conducted for this study in Sri Lanka and in India. Despite the fact that Sri Lanka is one of the major producers of tea, the local tea industry does not earn enough to be viable. Global consumers are paying more than ten times the price received by the Sri Lankan producers. The value addition is taking place in the consuming countries and the economic benefits of higher price for value added tea products go to the consuming countries. In this context the viability of the Sri Lankan tea industry makes it imperative to adopt production of value-added tea products, promoting local brands in the global market and marketing the products in the international market. The government should also provide further supports to this tea industry to be uplifted in the country.

A Study of Indian Business Ventures Abroad

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Ritu Srivastava ◽  
Krishna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Joint Ventures ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Global Player ◽  
Wide Gap

India started opening its economy a decade ago to integrate with the global economy. Several economic reforms have been undertaken during this period with the hope that India will soon emerge as a global player. There is a need to review the developments and take necessary corrective action. It is necessary because globalisation and integration with the world economy is a double-edged sword. If necessary care is not taken, the country may become only a global market rather than emerging as a global player. This paper examines the patterns of Indian Business Ventures Abroad, both in the form of subsidiaries and joint ventures over a period of 50 years since independence. The analysis reveals that there has been a significant increase in the activity. The ventures, however, have been concentrated in only a few, about a dozen, countries. The study also shows that there is a noticeable preference towards subsidiary mode of operation. Further, there are country-wise patterns of preferences towards use of joint ventures and subsidiary modes. The study also reveals that there is a significant shift in the mix of activities, tilting from high risk manufacturing to low risk trading and software development. It is also observed that there is a wide gap between the number of ventures approved and actually implemented. A comparison has also been drawn between Indian Business Ventures Abroad and the Foreign Business Ventures in India during the pre and the post-liberalisation era. This is complemented with the patterns of export/import ratio in the respective periods. The two together indicate that the reforms in economic policies undertaken so far seem to be leading to India fast becoming a global market rather than emerging as a global player. The paper then suggests that there is a need for intensive studies for developing policy and strategic interventions to strengthen India's business ventures abroad and to help India emerge as a global player.

scholarly journals A review on scientific technologies in practice to innovate plant based molecules and to improve herbal drug quality to overcome health problems

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Gupta ◽  
G. Khandelwal ◽  
G. Prasad ◽  
A.K. Chopra ◽  
A. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Traditional Health ◽  
World Demand ◽  
Traditional Health Care ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Medicines obtained from drug plants and other sources are commonly called traditional medicines. They have played an important role in the treatment of several human diseases since ancient times. India possessed a great wealth of traditional health care system known as Ayurveda related to the use of plant species. The global market of herbal drugs has a great potential around the world. Demand of plant based medicines is also increasing among western countries because of a general consideration that most allopathic drugs are associated with more or less side effects. Many pharmaceutical companies are now manufacturing Ayurvedic phytopharmaceutical products. However, enough efforts have not been made to get suitable substitute of modern allopathic medicines from these traditionally used drug plants and herbal drugs. This traditional system of healthcare in India still needs extensive evidence-based scientific researches in promoting its therapies. This review paper deals with modern scientific approaches to find out new plant based molecules and to develop new technologies in a continuous process and should be applied in the practice to improve the quality of herbal drugs in Indian pharmaceutical industries. Critical assessment of quality assurance including researches on pharmacognosy, chemistry, pharmacology, antimicrobial activity and clinical studies carried out on various Ayurvedic medicinal plants are also being presented.

scholarly journals Ethical and human subject burdens of trials conducted to evaluate biosimilars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Ohn ◽  
Preston J. Atteberry ◽  
Mark R. Trusheim ◽  
Peter B. Bach
Keyword(s):  
Price Competition ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Drug Approval ◽  
Current Approach ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Biologic Drugs ◽  
The Us ◽  
Clinical Benefits

ABSTRACTBackground/AimsWith a policy goal of introducing price competition into the market for biologic drugs after their period of market monopoly is over (called ‘loss of exclusivity’), policymakers created a pathway for companies to make copies of those treatments and termed them ‘biosimilars’. But unlike generic drugs, biosimilar drug copies must be studied in human trials to assure they have the same clinical effect as the original biologic products. The burden that this places on human subject participants, and the opportunity cost on the clinical trial system generally, have not been considered in detail.MethodsFor all biosimilar drugs in development, approved, or that failed to obtain approval in the US, we abstracted from clinicaltrials.gov registry the number of subjects enrolled at each phase of development.ResultsWe identified 105 clinical trials for approved or withdrawn biosimilars and another 20 studies that are either planned, ongoing or completed for biosimilars in development. These studies collectively enrolled (or plan to enroll) 38,169 human subjects. Most (28,130) are enrolled in phase 3 studies. The mean number of human subject participants per approval is 1,045, about 25% of the number required for a new drug approval on average.ConclusionsA consequential number of human subjects are required for the testing of biosimilar drugs prior to approval. The explicit and sole purpose of biosimilars is to induce competition in order to lower prices of biologic drugs after loss of exclusivity. The burden the biosimilar approval trials place on human subjects with no direct clinical benefits but definite risks, and the possibility that they rob subjects from trials that are of more scientific importance, are ones policymakers might consider. Price regulation of biologic drugs after loss of exclusivity could achieve lower prices as well, without the burdens of the current approach.Funding SourceArnold Ventures (Grant to support Drug Pricing Lab at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)

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