scholarly journals Nesting of arboreal ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in artificial substrates in coffee plantations in the Colombian Andes

Uniciencia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Andrés Jireh López-Dávila ◽  
Selene Escobar-Ramírez ◽  
Inge Armbrecht
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Artificial Substrates ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Arboreal Ants ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nesting Resources ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Nesting Activity ◽  
Colonization Rates

Ants can provide pest biocontrol for coffee crops; however, this ecosystem service may decline in intensively managed plantations due to the loss of nesting resources. Considering how to increase the number of ants, we studied if they nest in different types of artificial substrates attached to coffee bushes both in shade-grown and sun-grown coffee plantations. Three independent tests were conducted at some coffee plantations in southwestern Colombia with the purpose of answering the following questions: 1) Do ants nest in artificial substrates made from recyclable materials? 2) Do the types of substrate (materials and configuration) and coffee management (shade-grown vs. sun-grown coffee) affect colonization rates, richness, and identity of colonizing ants? 3) Does time affect substrate colonization rates? Each experiment independently compared different substrate materials and designs, in both shade and sun-grown coffee. Results showed preference of one of the substrates offered and higher nesting rates in shade-grown plantations. Eight ant species were found nesting in artificial substrates, most of them being arboreal generalists. A higher number of ant species colonized substrates in shade-grown plantations; however, the effect was not statistically significant. Nesomyrmex asper and Crematogaster spp. were always found nesting in both types of plantation. There was a trend to increase nesting activity with time in shade-grown coffee but not in sun-grown coffee. Evidence supports that offering artificial substrates enhances arboreal ant nesting in coffee plantations.

scholarly journals Research on Mediating Mechanisms and the Impact on Food Provision Services in Poor Areas from the Perspective of Stakeholders

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10510
Author(s):  
Tianwei Geng ◽  
Hai Chen ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
Qinqin Shi ◽  
Hang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
The Common ◽  
Food Provision ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Exploring and analyzing the common demands and behavioral responses of different stakeholders is important for revealing the mediating mechanisms of ecosystem service (ES) and realizing the management and sustainable supply of ES. This study took Mizhi County, a poverty-stricken area on the Loess Plateau in China, as an example. First, the main stakeholders, common demands, and behavioral responses in the food provision services were identified. Second, the relationship among stakeholders was analyzed. Finally, this study summarized three types of mediating mechanisms of food provision services and analyzed the influence of the different types of mediating mechanisms. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Five main stakeholders in the study area were identified: government, farmers, enterprises, cooperatives, and middlemen. (2) Increasing farmers’ income is the common demand of most stakeholders in the study area, and this common demand has different effects on the behavioral responses of different stakeholders. (3) There are three types of mediating mechanisms in the study area: government + farmers mediating corn and mutton, government + enterprises mediating millet, and government + cooperatives mediating apples. On this basis, the effects of the different types of mediating mechanisms on variations in food yield, and trade-offs and synergies in typical townships, were analyzed.

Factors affecting the bacterial colonization of various surfaces in a river

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Surface Charge ◽  
Current Velocity ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Temperate River ◽  
Colonization Rates

The colonization rates of substrates, differing in their surface charge and asperity, have been determined in a temperate river. Glass, which has a high surface charge, was colonized by the natural bacterial population just as fast as polystyrene with a low surface charge. However, roughening the surface of either substrate greatly increased the rate of bacterial colonization. On the roughened surfaces bacteria did not selectively colonize cavities or grooves and current velocity was not an important factor. It is suggested that different sections of the naturally occurring bacterial population are the initial colonizers of different types of surface.

Activity and energy expenditure in laying hens

1976 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Van Kampen
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nesting Activity

SummaryThe energy cost of nesting activity and oviposition of hens in different environments has been determined.The oxygen consumption of hens on a wire floor reached a peak during the last 15 min before oviposition. However, the oxygen uptake of hens accustomed to a litter floor had fallen to a minimum at this time.The energy cost of expelling the egg is minimal. There is a good correlation between the locomotor activity and the heat production.The variations in heat production and body temperature on different types of floors are explicable by the differences in nesting activity.

Analysis of a supra-annual cycle: reproductive phenology of the palm Oenocarpus bataua in a forest of the Colombian Andes

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Rojas-Robles ◽  
F. Gary Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Phenology ◽  
Tropical Plants ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Extrinsic Cues ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Degree

Abstract:During a 4-y study of the palm Oenocarpus bataua, 368 reproductive structures on 102 palms were monitored. A reproductive structure required nearly 2 y for successful completion, from bud to ripe fruit. We found correlations with summed rainfall and averaged relative humidity and/or solar radiation for initiation of bud appearance, flowering and fruit maturation over 0–4 mo prior to the events, and another set of correlations over longer periods up to 11–12 mo before. Climatic variables showing short-term correlations (apparently triggering an event) often differed from those showing long-term correlations (which presumably initiated developmental processes culminating in the event itself). A high degree of asynchrony occurred in production of reproductive structures both within and between individual palms even within major reproductive peaks, and there were pronounced differences between individuals in total reproductive effort. Nearly all palms passed 1–3 y with little or no reproduction despite similar environmental conditions between years. We conclude that the supra-annual cycle of this palm is not the result of inadequate environmental cues in some years. There appear to be at least two different types of supra-annual cycles in tropical plants, differing in the relative importance of extrinsic cues vs. intrinsic physiological rhythms and in intrapopulation synchrony.

Limitation of nesting resources for ants in Colombian forests and coffee plantations

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
INGE ARMBRECHT ◽  
IVETTE PERFECTO ◽  
EMILY SILVERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Nesting Resources

scholarly journals Pollinator population size and pollination ecosystem service responses to enhancing floral and nesting resources

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1898-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Häussler ◽  
Ullrika Sahlin ◽  
Charlotte Baey ◽  
Henrik G. Smith ◽  
Yann Clough
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Nesting Resources

scholarly journals Basketry as an ecosystem service of wetlands: traditional crafts in central Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. e115
Author(s):  
José Fajardo ◽  
Alonso Verde ◽  
Diego Rivera ◽  
Alejandro Del Moral ◽  
Emilio Laguna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types

Ecosystem services from wetlands include products such as food, water, fibers, timber, medicinal plants, and genetic resources for agriculture. One of the most abundant supplies is the raw material for basketry. In this study we aim to document the role of wetland plants as resources for basketry and broom-making in the Guadiana river basin and to analyze the local traditional knowledge of the species used in the area. We describe different types of baskets and other artifacts, and document basketry techniques. We found 30 species belonging to 12 families, 18 of them occurring in wetlands, four in irrigated fields, and seven in the adjacent dry territories. Twenty species are used in the manufacture of brooms. Twenty two types of basketry artifacts are described with their uses. The area shows a relevant cultural heritage, not merely as it was in the past, but also adapted to the new cultural and social contexts. The degradation and loss of wetlands in central Spain threatens these ecosystems and their associated cultural heritage. We suggest the declaration of this intangible human heritage as the “Culture of the Mediterranean Wetlands” before it disappears.

scholarly journals New Approach for Evaluation of a Watershed Ecosystem Service for Avoiding Reservoir Sedimentation and Its Economic Value: A Case Study from Ertan Reservoir in Yalong River, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilige Sude ◽  
Wu Nan ◽  
Gao Ji-Xi ◽  
Zhang Chen ◽  
Ge Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Reservoir Sedimentation ◽  
Sediment Retention ◽  
Sediment Delivery ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Retention Coefficient ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Absolute Quantity

A model was established to simulate an ecosystem service of avoiding reservoir sedimentation and its economic value based on the process of sediment delivery in a watershed. The model included fabricating the watershed of the study reservoir. The sediment retention coefficient of different land cover types were used to simulate the spatial patterns of the annual quantity of the sediment that were prevented from entering the reservoir by the vegetation in each cell followed the flow path in watershed. The economic value of the ecosystem service in this model was determined by the marginal cost of reservoir desilting. This study took the Ertan reservoir as an example. The results showed that most eroded soil was intercepted by different types of ecosystems in the process of sediment delivery in a watershed. The region with a higher quantity of sediment retention was around the reservoir. The absolute quantity of average sediment retention in forestland was lower, so the sediment retention ability of forestland failed to be brought into fullest play in watershed.

Revisiting ecological dominance in arboreal ants: how dominant usage of nesting resources shapes community assembly

Oecologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 194 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 151-163
Author(s):  
Flávio Camarota ◽  
Heraldo L. Vasconcelos ◽  
Robert J. Marquis ◽  
Scott Powell
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Arboreal Ants ◽  
Nesting Resources ◽  
Ecological Dominance
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