scholarly journals Basketry as an ecosystem service of wetlands: traditional crafts in central Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. e115
Author(s):  
José Fajardo ◽  
Alonso Verde ◽  
Diego Rivera ◽  
Alejandro Del Moral ◽  
Emilio Laguna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Different Types

Ecosystem services from wetlands include products such as food, water, fibers, timber, medicinal plants, and genetic resources for agriculture. One of the most abundant supplies is the raw material for basketry. In this study we aim to document the role of wetland plants as resources for basketry and broom-making in the Guadiana river basin and to analyze the local traditional knowledge of the species used in the area. We describe different types of baskets and other artifacts, and document basketry techniques. We found 30 species belonging to 12 families, 18 of them occurring in wetlands, four in irrigated fields, and seven in the adjacent dry territories. Twenty species are used in the manufacture of brooms. Twenty two types of basketry artifacts are described with their uses. The area shows a relevant cultural heritage, not merely as it was in the past, but also adapted to the new cultural and social contexts. The degradation and loss of wetlands in central Spain threatens these ecosystems and their associated cultural heritage. We suggest the declaration of this intangible human heritage as the “Culture of the Mediterranean Wetlands” before it disappears.

scholarly journals Ecosystem Services Changes on Farmland in Response to Urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area of China

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 501
Author(s):  
Xuege Wang ◽  
Fengqin Yan ◽  
Yinwei Zeng ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Bin He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Farmland Loss ◽  
The World

Extensive urbanization around the world has caused a great loss of farmland, which significantly impacts the ecosystem services provided by farmland. This study investigated the farmland loss due to urbanization in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) of China from 1980 to 2018 based on multiperiod datasets from the Land Use and Land Cover of China databases. Then, we calculated ecosystem service values (ESVs) of farmland using valuation methods to estimate the ecosystem service variations caused by urbanization in the study area. The results showed that 3711.3 km2 of farmland disappeared because of urbanization, and paddy fields suffered much higher losses than dry farmland. Most of the farmland was converted to urban residential land from 1980 to 2018. In the past 38 years, the ESV of farmland decreased by 5036.7 million yuan due to urbanization, with the highest loss of 2177.5 million yuan from 2000–2010. The hydrological regulation, food production and gas regulation of farmland decreased the most due to urbanization. The top five cities that had the largest total ESV loss of farmland caused by urbanization were Guangzhou, Dongguan, Foshan, Shenzhen and Huizhou. This study revealed that urbanization has increasingly become the dominant reason for farmland loss in the GBA. Our study suggests that governments should increase the construction of ecological cities and attractive countryside to protect farmland and improve the regional ESV.

scholarly journals The Role of Phytodiversity in Riparian Alder Forests in Supporting the Provision of Ecosystem Services

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Patrícia Mariničová ◽  
Pavol Eliáš
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Human Society

Abstract Nature, ecosystems and biodiversity provide human society with many benefits known as ecosystem services. Functional diversity is an important aspect of biodiversity. In this paper, we applied inductive approach to the identification, mapping and evaluation of ecosystem services of the Aegopodio-Alnetum glutinosae community in Tribeč Mts. The results from 2015 show that the alder floodplain forest represents one of the most productive forest ecosystems with seasonal maximum production of 59.03 g m−2, species diversity of N0 = 40 and functional diversity of FD = 10. The forage potential of this community is medium, the melliferous potential is high and the therapeutic potential was estimated as extremely rich in medicinal plants. From the functional groups for providing ecosystem services, woody plants and hemicryptophytes play the most significant role.

Faustus. The mythical memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-89
Author(s):  
Józsa István
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
German Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Preliminary Work ◽  
Literary Heritage

The figure and story of Faustus is part of the European cultural heritage, and as it usually, even inevitably happens with legends, it lives further in the adaptations of later periods and authors . It is mainly linked to Goethe’s name, his figure became well known and immortal in his works. Ever since Goethe, all authors – who respect themselves – in German literature must write a new Faustus, while in other nation’s literatures newer and newer paraphrases were born, which on their turn gave rise to further adaptations, and the scientific, aesthetic etc. literature also has gotten richer. However the canonized, more precisely, classicisized framework of interpretation is not transgressed by any of the newer writers and poets of the past centuries, moreover it is only the form of the legend that is rewritten – naturally with the aim of modernization. All of that as part of the literary heritage. As far as the problem of original sources is concerned: what can be regarded as a source and what is adaptation, which are the works that motivated writers, are just a matter of the preliminary work of the interpretation. On the other hand the problem that within the ancient, mythical tradition there is an original, ancient Faustus legend, does not raise any attention as that is “mere raw material”. The truth is ... that the beginning that has been preliminarily, yet directly definitory for centuries, is that original force that is given in the topic and thus it is difficult to bring it to the surface, preferably independently from the heritage that was built upon it. As far as the time dimension is concerned, we are searching in an undefineable, open past, moreover it is most probable that the legend itself is not entirely original, so to say, but it is the adaptation of a more ancient idea or topic. And by this its symbolism and hidden semantics lose their European characteristics.

Reaching the New Tourist Through Creativity

2022 ◽  
pp. 231-245
Author(s):  
Christian Stipanović ◽  
Elena Rudan ◽  
Vedran Zubović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Opening Up

In today's modern world, creative expression is opening up new dimensions of business and new opportunities for economic development. One field of economic activities in which this is evident is tourism. Creativity in tourist destinations can be viewed in different ways, for example, through creative action (undertaken by destination management, residents, entrepreneurs, and tourists) and through creative spaces and creative events. Creativity plays a vital role in all elements involved in the creation of a destination's offering, regardless of which form of tourism is the focus of development efforts. Given the growing role of self-actualisation of individuals in society and the displaying of social status, creativity has in the past 20 years begun to positively impact on economy activities taking place in tourist destinations. Creativity is especially important in developing cultural tourism in all its sub-types, where it is seen as a means of animating and adding value to cultural heritage locations.

scholarly journals The Historical Soundscape Analysis of Fatahillah Square, Jakarta

Acoustics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-867
Author(s):  
Michael Isnaeni Djimantoro ◽  
Widjaja Martokusumo ◽  
Heru W. Poerbo ◽  
R. Joko Sarwono
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
The Past ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Sonic Environment ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Understanding conceptions of the protection of cultural heritage continues to develop until now. Presently, urban historic places are not only comprehended as tangible but also include intangible dimensions. However, the conservation of cultural heritage dominantly still emphasises the visual sense more than any other senses. Thus, this paper addressed several questions on the role of human senses, the historic sonic environments, and the soundmarks of the past in examining a historical area. This paper aims to reveal the relation between sound sources and its predicted sonic environment in historic places over the time. The case study was Fatahillah Square, Jakarta, which has been documented from the 19th century until now. Some methods were carried out such as soundwalk, recalled in memory, and visual analysis. The results show that comprehensive study of multisensorial stimulus can increase a holistic understanding of historic places. Therefore, the protection of historic sites cannot only focus on the object per se, but also it must be considered to be a holistic entity. This research highlights new perspectives in analysing historical areas using combination of pictorial sources and sonic information.

scholarly journals The Framework of Ecosystem Services for Economic Valuation Purposes: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-449
Author(s):  
Nguyen Minh Duc
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Past

Although humans need ecosystems and ecosystem services for their survival and well-being, most of the global ecosystems and the services that they provide have declined and/or degraded rapidly over the past few decades. In order to find the ways to sustainably use natural resources, substantial efforts have been made to measure and value the ecosystem services. The term ‘ecosystem service’ was interpreted in different ways in the literature. For making correct decisions in natural resource management, a consistent way of defining and classifying ecosystem services is needed for valuation purposes. This paper argued for the need to divide ecosystem services into intermediate and final services.

scholarly journals Assessing the Role of Gender in Identifying and Prioritizing Local Ecosystem Services of Trees in Croplands

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Tuemay Tassew ◽  
Gebru Eyasu
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
T Test ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gender Biases ◽  
Local Ecosystem

The overall objective of the study was to assess and compare the role of gender in identifying and prioritizing the ecosystem services of trees in croplands. The research was carried out in croplands and species inventory in each cropland was conducted during field observations of every tree species by interviewing the local farmers and/or villagers. A questionnaire containing both close-ended and open-ended questions were designed to collect information about the role of gender in identifying and prioritizing the ecosystem services supplied by each tree species in croplands based on local communities. A total of 15 ecosystem services were identified from trees in croplands by both men and women. The number and type of ecosystem services identified by men and women were different. The differences could be due to different access and benefits from ecosystem services. As a result, their perception and knowledge of ecosystem services could also vary. After identification of each ecosystem service, a paired two-tail t-test was conducted whether the list of individual score values given to each local ecosystem services identified by both men and women were the same or not. The statistical result of the paired t-test showed that the score values of all the ecosystem services that are only identified by both men and women were not statistically significant. This can imply that the commonly identified ecosystem services have more or less similar importance to men and women. The findings in this research demonstrate that ecosystem services identification might cause gender biases on women due to neglected control and access to the ecosystem services of trees in croplands which in turn could have an impact on tree resource management, conservation, and development interventions. Therefore, integrating women in ecosystem service access and control can help build various experiences of gender and balanced institutions which can aid collective and effective tree and forest resource management and to maximize the benefits for all beneficiaries of the ecosystem services.

scholarly journals Functional diversity: a key aspect in the provision of ecosystem services

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
JESÚS BALLESTEROS CORREA ◽  
JAIRO PÉREZ TORRES
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship

 Functional diversity is one of the crucial aspects of the functioning of ecosystems and the provision of ecosystem services. In this review paper, we analyze how biodiversity contributes to human well-being through the provision of goods and ecosystem services, and related aspects of ecological processes and their relationship with the functional diversity of ecosystems are presented. It aims to explain in a simple way, the concepts related to functional diversity, the importance of the functional groups and the role of functional traits of the species as a key element in the responses of organisms to environmental changes. Understanding the relationship between ecosystem processes, functional diversity of species and providing ecosystem services, allow better management of natural ecosystems and their biodiversity, enabling conservation and sustainable use of different types of services provided by ecosystems.

scholarly journals VIHARA DAN PLURALISME PADA MASA JAWA KUNA ABAD VIII – XI MASEHI (TINJAUAN DATA PRASASTI)

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-126
Author(s):  
Agni Sesaria Mochtar
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Religious Tolerance ◽  
Ethnic Conflicts ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Impact

The era of reformation in Indonesia was supposedly articulated with the pluralism of the society. Sadly, many cases regarding religious and ethnic conflicts pronounced the opposite, whereas pluralism and religious tolerance were two of the main characters of the nation since the days of the ancestors. The legacy of those two characters is actually able to be observed through cultural heritage, as a messenger from the past. This study examines one aspect of the practice of religious tolerance, which recorded in the ancient inscriptions from 8th to 11th AD., which selected through purposive sampling procedure. The aforementioned aspect was regarding the important role of ancient vihāra as a symbol of religious tolerance in society. Such role was the impact of its functions, which are different with today’s modern function. This information on the function and role of the vihāra in ancient Java is provided to support modern Indonesian society to understand their material cultural heritage.

scholarly journals The journey of Claire in the works of Gaito Gazdanov: the analysis of the female image of Claire in the novels “An Evening with Claire”, “Hannah”, and “The Fate of Salome”

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Ziwei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Character Type ◽  
Female Image ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Inner World ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Gradual Transformation

  This article is dedicated to the analysis of the female image of Claire and its variant in the works of Gaito Gazdanov. This character type in the works of G. Gazdanov often resembles the past in the present, i.e. an important part of the “lost world” for the protagonist. However, deliberate examination allows following the gradual transformation of the authors attitude towards the character of Claire throughout his creative path. In the novel “Ab Evening with Clair”, the author adheres to priority of that past world over the present, while in the novel of his later period “The Fate of Salome”, the narrator tends to release from the shadow of the past. The underlying cause for such change lies in the transition of the writer from the romantic theurgical worldview towards phenomenal. In the later period, Gazdanov reconsidered the real world and justified the earthly existence due to the fact that submerging into the own inner world can entail loneliness and dissolution “Self” in one’s mind. The goal of this research consists in tracing the transformation of the role of Claire in the works of Gaito Gazdanov, as well as in description of different types of relations between the protatonist and the heroine in order to prove the evolution of the writer's reasoning on the problem of “two-worldness”. The relevance of this article consists in explication of the type of Claire in Gazdanov’s artistic system of “two-worldness” as a literary technique, as well as from the new perspective of studying the evolution the writer’s worldview.  

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