scholarly journals Rusycyzmy w socjolekcie młodzieży polskiego pochodzenia w Wilnie

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
Mirosław Dawlewicz
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Young People ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lexical Data ◽  
The Russian Language

Miroslav DavlevičRussian Words in the Sociolect of the Young People of Polish Origin in Vilnius A characteristic feature of the sociolect of the young people of Polish origin in Vilnius is the large number of borrowings from various languages. In the analyzed material different groups of words of foreign origin are distinguished. Borrowings from the Lithuanian, English, German, French and Italian languages are presented. However, the most prominent group - representing over 1/3 of the collected lexical data - are borrowings from the Russian language. This tendency is based on the long-term influence of the Russian language in these areas. Considering the subject of the borrowings as well as the level of adoption the following items are distinguished in this article: 1 Quotes: verbal and phraseological; 2 formal-semantic lexical borrowings (adopted words); 3 Semantic loanwords. In the majority of the cases these borrowings were taken over not from the literary language, but from the colloquial Russian language or Russian environmental dialects (e.g., criminal, youth slang, etc.) known as inter-sociolectic borrowings. Young people of Polish origin in Vilnius use sociolect, which is basically a mixture (mélange) of colloquial Russian, Russian criminal slang and Slavic expressive words (curse words and vulgar language). In a multilingual society the presence of lexical borrowings is an inevitable phenomenon. It is worth pointing out that in Lithuania (as well as on the territory of the former Soviet Union) the Russian language for a long period of time has performed the function of the interdialect.

scholarly journals Вызовы современному русскому литературному языку

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Владимир Медведев
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Rural Life ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Language Norms ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
The Russian Language

The article is devoted to the study of some active processes affecting the system of the modern Russian language. The result of the study is the identification of factors that negatively affect the dynamics of the Russian language, which are presented in socio-political and linguistic aspects. The socio-political reasons are caused by the active reduction of the Russian-language information space in the near and far abroad area under the influence of the collapse of the Soviet Union. Unsuccessful phenomena in the current state of the Russian language consist in the intentional violation of the language norms in the Internet space, the substitution of normative vocabulary for meaningfully and stylistically belittled expressions of rural life, the clogging of the Russian literary language with words and verbal turns of slang origin, the dissemination of obscene vocabulary, the saturation of the language with words and expressions of foreign origin, and the unjustified euphemization of speech, leading to the erosion of the meaning of words. The general conclusion is the need for the serious efforts of the whole society against the simplification and the purity of the Russian literary language.

scholarly journals Image of time in language consciousness of Russians and the Japanese

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Alexei D. Palkin
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Time Image ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
The Early 21St Century

Perception of the image of time in Russian and Japanese linguocultures is analysed. An association experiment has become the main experimental method. Three samplings are under consideration: that of Russians of the early 1990s, that of Russians of the early 21st century, and that of the Japanese of the early 21st century. Russians and the Japanese share general human values, but cultural differences stand out in association reactions of Russian and Japanese respondents. The experimental material available shows that the Japanese are more time-conscious than Russians. The Japanese tend to consider things in a long-term perspective, while for Russians a medium-term perspective is more urgent. The specificity of hieroglyphs leads the Japanese to perceiving a close connection between time and space, while the Russian language does not provide clues of the kind, which results in fewer reactions indicating space in Russian samplings. The paper argues that the perception of time image has altered in the Russian linguoculture recently. Russians of the early 1990s lost their axiological targets in the turmoil of the Soviet Union collapse, which is not characteristic of the 21st century Russians, who started to regain their emotional stability.

scholarly journals ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ДИНАМИЗМ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ОСЕТИНСКОЙ ЛЕКСИКИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Senko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Lexical Processes ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
North Ossetia

В статье рассматриваются лексические процессы, свидетельствующие об активизации осетинского словарного фонда, проявляющейся, в частности, в проникновении в исконный и иноязычный речевой оборот единиц, ранее находившихся на периферии лингвистической структуры или же для нее в целом не актуальных. В условиях глобализации, стирания национальных отличий регионалистические исследования языков все чаще привлекают научное внимание, что свидетельствует о несомненной важности данной научной специализации. Цель статьи – описание функционального динамизма лексической системы современного осетинского литературного языка на фоне таких актуальных векторов глобальной языковой динамики, как либерализация и демократизация языков, а также современного языкового контактирования в аспекте сравнения с действием указанных факторов в современном русском литературном языке. Представляются наблюдения над влиянием диалектного потенциала, а также влиянием другой тенденции, формирующей современный языковой вкус, – либерализации языка, приводящей к обновлению литературного канона. Функциональный динамизм осетинского языка рассматривается и на фоне современного языкового контактирования, которое представляет собой широкомасштабное явление, наглядно демонстрирующее влияние языковой глобализации; отмечается, что параллельно в современном мире наблюдается интеграция локальных сообществ, стремление их к определенной автаркии, в том числе на уровне языковых систем. Работа показала, что в осетинском языке функциональные сдвиги проявляются в русле взаимодействия двух разнонаправленных векторов современной языковой динамики: с одной стороны, глобализации, с другой, регионализации. На материале указанных наблюдений обнаруживаются особенности современной осетинской и русской лексической динамики. Утверждается, что изменения в сфере языковой политики, произошедшие в последнее время в Республике Северная Осетия-Алания, обусловливают наряду с активным влиянием на осетинский язык русского языка возникновение параллельной, осетинско-русской, линии языковых контактов; данное обстоятельство объективно диктуется самой природой последних: известно, что любой долговременный этнический контакт не может быть односторонним.The article deals with lexical processes that indicate the activation of the Ossetian vocabulary. The purpose of the article is to describe the functional dynamism of the lexical system of the modern Ossetian literary language. In the aspect of comparison with the vocabulary of modern Russian literary language. The work showed that functional shifts in the Ossetian language are manifested in the interaction of two different vectors of modern language dynamics: on the one hand, globalization, on the other hand, regionalization. The material of these observations reveals the features of modern Ossetian and Russian lexical dynamics. Russian language policy in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, along with the active influence of the Russian language on the Ossetian language, causes the emergence of a parallel, Ossetian-Russian, line of language contacts. This fact is objectively dictated by the very nature of the latter: it is well known that any long-term ethnic contact cannot be unilateral.

scholarly journals Centrifugal and Centripetal Forces Driving Russian Language Norms

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arto Mustajoki ◽  
Ekaterina Protassova ◽  
Maria Yelenevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Regional Specificity ◽  
The Russian Language

Russian, as a pluricentric language, demonstrates differences in pronunciation, lexis, syntactical structures, and regional specificity of grammar deviations. The imposition of a norm, which is difficult even in the metropolis, is hardly possible in the diaspora, where host countries’ realities have a strong impact on the Russian language spoken outside of Russian borders. Even support of the Russian language turns into a double-edged sword, as Russian institutions offering it to the diasporic communities refuse to admit the growing pluricentricity of the Russian language. Although almost 30 years have passed since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Russian heritage remains strong in the post-Soviet space, and many countries continue using Russian in public settings and in education. Regional varieties of Russian increasingly drift away from the “Moscow norm”, although it still dominates culturally. New European borders and economic conditions stipulate new regulations in the use of traditional international languages. The debate on the norm and the struggle for bi- and multilingualism characterize the current situation with the Russian language in the world. At the same time, it is important to point out that due to diasporans’ transnational ties, globalization of Russian electronic media, and growing commodification of Russian, it is often used as a lingua franca on the territory of the former Soviet Union and in immigrants’ host countries. This requires a high degree of stability of the main linguistic features to ensure mutual understanding in communication. Russian speakers stick to their language and elevate its status whenever they feel mistreated or underrepresented in their countries of residence, or when they see economic benefits in its use.

The Spoken Language of Ukrainian and Rusin Diasporas: Consonant Orthoepy

Rusin ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 230-249
Author(s):  
M.L. Druzhynets ◽  
◽  
T.Yu. Kovalevska ◽  
A.Р. Romanchenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Sound Changes ◽  
The Russian Language

The article contains the synchronous analysis of the spoken language and in particular the pronunciation of the Ukrainian youth in America, Canada, Europe, the Transnistrian Moldavian Republic (most of whom are Rusins). The sociological survey has demonstrated the percentage of those who own the consontant orthoepy standard in a wide local and social representation abroad, determined the most common pronunciation problems and orthoepic deviations in the system of consonantism, identified their reasons, and proved the historical organicity of modern orthoepic norm. The research of the spoken language of the Ukrainian diaspora focuses on the sociophonetic aspects at the level of its sound presentations. The author aims at determining the level of mastery of the consonant orthoepy of the Ukrainian literary language by young people, representing different local and social spheres: orthoepy of voiced consonants at the end of the word and in front of the voiceless consonants; voiceless consonants before voiced ones; prefixes роз-, без-, об-, prefixes-prepositions з-, від-, між- before voiceless consonants, except for hushing sounds; [в] as [ў]; [д̑з], [д̑ж]. According to the generalized results of the survey, the pronunciation of voiced sounds at the end of the word, the voiceless sounds before the voiced ones, [г], prefixes роз-, без-, об-, з-, affricates [д̑з], [д̑ж] are defined as strong based on the percentage abroad. The norms of the pronunciation of the prefixes об-, між- are considered weak in the speech of the respondents; the greatest difficulties arise when pronouncing the sonorous з- in the word зцідити – 35 % possession of the norm (Transnistrian Moldavian Republic – 15 %, Europe – 43 %, America –30 %, Canada – 50 %). However, the pronunciation norms of the prefixes роз-, без-, з-, affricates [д̑з], [д̑ж] in foreign countries are strong, while the pronunciation norms of the prefixes об-, від-, між- are unstable. The norms of the pronunciation of phonemes in the middle of the word, [в] as [у᷃] are also weak. Typical deviations are related to the influence of Russian orthoepy or spelling. Differences in the percentage of the norm possession depend on the usage of the word and the complexity of sound changes, since in the process of assimilation, the sound changes not only its acoustic but also articulatory characteristics – the place or method of formation. Thus, nowadays, the mistakes in the pronunciation of voiced consonants are due to lack of theoretical knowledge, influence of dialectal speech and the Russian language, since these orthoepic norms were fixed in writing and theoretically substantiated in the grammars of the early 20th century, as it can be seen in manuscripts. The pronunciation rules that are consistently reflected in the manuscripts are strong and followed by the informants.

LANGUAGE POLICY IN BELARUS AND KAZAKHSTAN (COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSIONS FOR UKRAINE)

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Lytvynenko
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Official Status ◽  
State Language

The article analyzes the background and outcomes of the introduction of official bilingualism in Belarus and Kazakhstan. This topic is quite relevant to Ukraine given that specific political forces repeatedly attempted to give Russian language state or official status at least at the regional level. The choice of the subject is determined by the fact that Belarus and Kazakhstan as well as Ukraine were the most Russified republics of the former Soviet Union had similar language problems after they declared independence. Based on the analysis of official documents, sociological and statistical data, it was revealed that the introduction of bilingualism in Belarus and Kazakhstan had different scope, goals and outcomes. In Belarus, state bilingualism, as a continuation of Soviet Russification, led to the marginalization of the Belarusian language and the practical deprivation of the titular nation of an important component of its identity. In Kazakhstan, the policy of official bilingualism provided for the expansion of the use of the Kazakh language in all areas. However, since the free use of Russian is a statutory right, the promotion of the Kazakh language was limited mainly to ethnic Kazakhs and other turk ethnic groups, almost without affecting Russians and other minorities, among whom the level of knowledge and use of Kazakh is extremely low. Nowadays, official bilingualism is becoming an obvious obstacle to building a Kazakh political nation. These examples show that the policy of official bilingualism in countries burdened by the legacy of Russification poses risks to national security. Thus, we can conclude that the changes to the Ukrainian legislation aimed at ensuring the functioning of the Ukrainian language as the state language, overcoming the consequences of the Russification of the Ukrainian cultural and information space, were adopted on time.

scholarly journals Ethnocultural images in postcolonial publications in the Russian-language prose of the Korean diaspora

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-285
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Safronova ◽  
Aygerim Bekmuratova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Feminist Literature ◽  
Korean Diaspora ◽  
National Characteristics ◽  
Soviet Literature ◽  
Literary Images ◽  
The Russian Language

The literature of the Korean diaspora of the former Soviet Union combines the national characteristics of the Korean culture of the metropolis, the Korean national mentality, and at the same time reflects the historical realities and difficult, sometimes tragic fates of all peoples of the USSR and post-Soviet period. In this respect, the evolution of the literature of the Korean diaspora, leading from the prose in Korean to the first settlers from Korea to Sakhalin, was shown, which later were deported by Stalin’s decree to Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. The literature of the Korean diaspora in Kazakhstan goes through all stages of the development of Soviet literature – from anti-Stalin prose, romanticized thaw literature and “quiet” stagnation prose, to postmodern and feminist literature. Moreover, Confucianism and Christian motives, Buddhism and Taoism, shamanism and Russian traditional literary images, motives, and themes are organically intertwined in the work of Russian and Kazakhstani Koreans. However, crosscutting issue through all the work of Korean writers who find themselves outside their homeland, it is an appeal to national identity, attempts to acquiring, preserving or tragedy and the pain of loss.

scholarly journals Occasional word-formation as a dynamic aspect of the Russian language derivational system

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 445-452
Author(s):  
Tatyana Shchuklina
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Dynamic Aspect ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Modern Russian

The article is devoted to the study of unusual word-formation as a manifestation of the dynamic aspect of Russian word-formation. The subject of the research are active wordbuilding processes of the modern Russian language, structural-semantic and functionalpragmatic characteristics of occasional units. The research is based on theoretical contributions of W. von Humboldt where the language is considered not only as a product of human activity but as an activity itself, and ideas of E. A. Zemskaya of activity nature of the Russian wordformation as a subsystem of the general language system. Revealing of productive methods and techniques of occasional neologisms formation functioning in the Russian newspaper periodicals testifies that occasional word-formation is one of the most important operating mechanisms of the Russian language derivational system; the dynamics of word-formation processes in the language of mass media reflects general trends of the modern Russian literary language development, taking place within the framework of language democratization and liberalization.

The Life and Deeds of Sergey Ivanovich Ozhegov. (To the 120th Anniversary of the Birth)

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
M. A. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Practical Activity ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
120Th Anniversary

The article is dedicated to the outstanding Russian lexicographer Sergey Ivanovich Ozhegov, the creator of the famous one-volume normative «Dictionary of the Russian Language». The article reflects the life of the scholar; describes his personality; presents his work with the team of D. N. Ushakov on the preparation of the «Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language»; considers the main ideas of the scholar, which formed the basis of the «Small Explanatory Dictionary»; characterizes his practical activity in solving the problems of norm codification of the Russian literary language.

USING ACTIVE TEACHING METHODS IN THE PROCESS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT (WITHIN THE SUBJECT “THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AND SPEECH CULTURE”)

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
V.V. Gavrilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Active Teaching ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Language

This article states the need to change the approach, as well as the forms and methods of teaching in the process of developing students' speech within the subject "The Russian language and Culture of speech". The purpose of the study is to describe the ways of active teaching methods application in order to improve students' speech culture. The author notes that modern teaching methods have ceased to respond to the needs of society and do not contribute to successful socialization of university graduates. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the author proposes that the work on a text (in the broad sense of the term) should become the main one in the teaching process. . The author proposes an updated process model of trainingenumerates those teaching forms and methods that contribute to the successful implementation of the model, describes the conditions of using these methods in the educational process. According to the author, the modeling of problem-based situations, the use of active teaching forms and methods reveal new opportunities to the teacher, help to develop students' communicative competence, and will largely determine further successful socialization of graduates.

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