scholarly journals Endogenic retroviruses of PERV A/C in genome of Ukrainian pigs and their correlation with the level of fat in carcasses

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
T. M. Ryk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Wild Pigs ◽  
C Distribution ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents the analysis of the PERV retrovirus subtypes A and C frequency in populations of Ukrainian and foreign breed pigs. Different frequencies of the PERV A/C genome presence in animals of the studied breeds were established. The largest relative number was observed in the group of wild pigs (86%), the smallest was in the groups of Poltava meat and Piétrain breeds. Animals free of both virus subtypes were found in all study groups. The article considers the hypothesis of an increase in the frequency of PERV retrovirus in the pigs’ genome during domestication. Its integration caused a gene mutation responsible for fat deposition which led to increased fat amount in carcasses and could be picked up by selection in the process of creating breeds. However, there is no obvious link between the spread of the virus in modern breeds in different areas of productivity. Also, there is no association between carcass fat amount and the presence of PERV in the genome. It is established that the information on the PERV A/C distribution in pig breeds hold in Ukraine is useful in terms of the possibility of using each of them for xenotransplantation. Also, this information can be used to justify the selection of founding breeds in order to create lines of pigs free from the endogenous retrovirus genome.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of gene expression profiles in differentiated subcutaneous adipocytes between Jiaxing Black and Large White Pigs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Wu ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Cheng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Mapk Signaling Pathway ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Domestic Pig ◽  
Large White ◽  
Pig Breeds

Abstract Background: Chinese domestic pig breeds are reputed for pork quality, but their low ratio of lean-to-fat carcass weight decreases production efficiency. A better understanding of the genetic regulation network of SC fat tissue is necessary for the rational selection of Chinese domestic pig breeds. In the present study, SC adipocytes were isolated from Jiaxing Black pigs (a Chinese indigenous pig breed with redundant SC fat deposition) and Large White pigs (a lean-type pig breed with relatively low SC fat deposition) and the expression profiles of mRNAs and lncRNAs were compared by RNA-seq analysis to identify biomarkers correlated with the differences of SC fat deposition between the two breeds.Results: A total of 3,371 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1,182 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were identified in SC adipocytes between Jiaxing Black (JX) and Large White (LW) pigs, which included 797 upregulated mRNAs, 2,574 downregulated mRNAs, 461 upregulated lncRNAs and 721 downregulated lncRNAs. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses revealed that the DEGs and DELs were mainly involved in the immune response, cell fate determination, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway, which are known to be related to adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. The expression levels of DEGs and DELs according to the RNA-seq data were verified by quantitative PCR, which showed 81.8% consistency. The differences in MAPK pathway activity between JX and LW pigs was confirmed by western blot analysis, with <100-fold elevated p38 phosphorylation in JX pigs.Conclusions: This study offers a detailed characterization of mRNAs and lncRNAs in fat- and lean-type pig breeds. The activity of the MAPK signaling pathway was found to be associated with subcutaneous adipogenesis. These results greatly enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating SC fat deposition in pigs.

scholarly journals WITHDRAWN: An integrated analysis of microRNAs involved in fat deposition in different pig breeds

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuxiu Zhang ◽  
Wanlong Huang ◽  
Yuntao Guo ◽  
Xiangyang Miao
Keyword(s):  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Pig Breeds

scholarly journals Comparative adipose transcriptome analysis digs out genes related to fat deposition in two pig breeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Xing ◽  
Kejun Wang ◽  
Hong Ao ◽  
Shaokang Chen ◽  
Zhen Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Differentially Expressed Genes ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Pig Breeds

Abstract Fatness traits are important in pigs because of their implications for fattening efficiency, meat quality, reproductive performance and immunity. Songliao black pigs and Landrace pigs show important differences in production and meat quality traits, including fatness and muscle growth. Therefore, we used a high-throughput massively parallel RNA-seq approach to identify genes differentially expressed in backfat tissue between these two breeds (six pigs in each). An average of 37.87 million reads were obtained from the 12 samples. After statistical analysis of gene expression data by edgeR, a total of 877 differentially expressed genes were detected between the two pig breeds, 205 with higher expression and 672 with lower expression in Songliao pigs. Candidate genes (LCN2, CES3, DGKB, OLR1, LEP, PGM1, PCK1, ACACB, FADS1, FADS2, MOGAT2, SREBF1, PPARGC1B) with known effects on fatness traits were included among the DEGs. A total of 1071 lncRNAs were identified, and 85 of these lncRNAs were differentially expressed, including 53 up-regulated and 32 down-regulated lncRNAs, respectively. The differentially expressed genes and lncRNAs involved in glucagon signaling pathway, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, insulin signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and so on. Integrated analysis potential trans-regulating or cis-regulating relation between DEGs and DE lncRNAs, suggested lncRNA MSTRG.2479.1 might regulate the expressed level of VLDLR affecting porcine fat metabolism. These results provide a number of candidate genes and lncRNAs potentially involved in porcine fat deposition and provide a basis for future research on the molecular mechanisms underlying in fat deposition.

scholarly journals Characterization of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus γ pro-pol Nucleotide Sequences

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (22) ◽  
pp. 11738-11743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolai Klymiuk ◽  
Mathias Müller ◽  
Gottfried Brem ◽  
Bernhard Aigner
Keyword(s):  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Infectious Risk ◽  
Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Pig Genome ◽  
Reading Frames ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Endogenous retroviral sequences in the pig genome (PERV) represent a potential infectious risk in xenotransplantation. All known infectious PERV have been asssigned to the PERV γ1 family, consisting of the subfamilies A, B, and C. The aim of the study was the concise examination of PERV γ by the analysis of the retroviral pro-pol sequences. The analysis of 52 pro-pol clones amplified in this study revealed eight PERV γ families. In addition to four already-described families (γ1, γ4, γ5, γ6), four novel families (γ7, γ8, γ9, γ10) were identified. Quantitative analysis of the novel PERV γ sequences in selected breeds revealed variations in the endogenous retroviral load. Open reading frames (ORF) in the amplified proviral fragment were only found for PERV γ1. In addition, novel ORF-containing PERV γ1 clones consisting of hybrid sequences were revealed. Sequence comparison from published full-length PERV γ1 clones of the PERV subfamilies A, B, and C resulted in a lack of strict correlation of the classification of pro-pol and env. The results indicated the occurrence of causative recombination events between retroviral genomes. Thus, our study on PERV γ provides new data for the evaluation and selection of pigs intended to be used in xenotransplantation.

The relationship between the polymorphism of the porcine CAST gene and productive traits in pigs

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Urbański ◽  
Mariusz Pierzchała ◽  
Arkadiusz Terman ◽  
Marian Kamyczek ◽  
Marian Różycki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Values ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Large White ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Cast Gene

Urbański, P., Pierzchała, M., Terman, A., Kamyczek, M., Różycki, M., Roszczyk, A. and Czarnik, U. 2015. The relationship between the polymorphism of the porcine CAST gene and productive traits in pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 361–367. The aim of the study was to characterize the polymorphism of the calpastatin gene identified with ApaLI, Hpy188I and PvuII restriction enzymes in two pig breeds and one line bred in Poland, and to evaluate the relationship between the CAST genotype and carcass traits. The analysis covered a total of 617 pigs of two breeds, Polish Landrace (185) and Polish Large White (216), and synthetic line L990 (216). All animals studied appeared to be monomorphic at two loci: CAST/ApaLI and CAST/Hpy188I, while three genotypes were observed at CAST/PvuII locus. Statistical analysis was carried out for each breed separately using the least square methods of the GLM procedure. The model included the effect of the CAST genotype, fixed effect of the RYR1 genotype and the effect of the sire. Because the RYR1 genotype could significantly modify the effect of other genes, the effect of the RYR1 genotype was included in the statistical model. The relationship between the polymorphism and several productive traits was identified in each of the study groups of pigs. Animals carrying the heterozygous genotype at this locus showed most extreme values for some of the traits tested. Our results suggest that the CAST /PvuII genotype might be utilized in the selection of valuable pig carcass traits, particularly weight and size of the loin.

The importance of woodland for Rhinolophus hipposideros (Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae) in Austria

Mammalia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Colony Size ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Rhinolophus Hipposideros ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Horseshoe Bat ◽  
Selection Of

Earlier radio tracking studies have shown that woodlands are key foraging habitats of the endangered lesser horseshoe bat. Hence, the location of maternity roosts should be influenced by the availability of woodland. I studied the distribution of maternity roosts in Austria with respect to the availability of woodland at different scales. Based on digital maps I compared the percentage of woodland cover within a radius of 0.5 and 2.5 km around maternity roosts with that of randomly selected churches and castles. I also measured the distance from maternity roosts to the nearest patch of woodland.Comparing different Austrian provinces, the relative number of maternity roosts tended to be greater in provinces with greater woodland cover. Woodland was more abundant around existing maternity roosts than around randomly selected churches and castles. These patterns were found within 0.5 km in both Carinthia and Salzburg, and within 2.5 km in Salzburg only. Furthermore, the distance to the nearest patch of woodland was shorter at existing maternity roosts than at randomly selected churches and castles in Salzburg. Colony size increased with the proportion of surrounding woodland: small areas of woodland supported only small colonies, while bigger colonies were only located in the vicinity of larger proportions of woodland. I conclude that woodland is an important factor explaining the distribution and selection of maternity roosts and should therefore strongly be considered when conservation measures for this species are required, designed and put into action.

scholarly journals Modern clinical and anamnestical aspects of lichenoid dermatoses

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
A.M. Bilovol ◽  
◽  
S.H. Tkachenko ◽  
A.A. Berehova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lichen Planus ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
Long Course

The objective of the work was to study modern clinical and anamnestic features of chronic lichenoid dermatoses. Materials and methods.Clinical and anamnestic examination of 100 patients with psoriasis and 80 patients with lichen planus (LP) was carried out. In both study groups, the majority were patients 51–60 years old, the minority – patients 31–40 years old. Among patients with psoriasis, men prevailed in all age groups, among patients with LP, men prevailed in the group of 20–30 years. Results. In the general gender structure, men prevailed in the group of patients with psoriasis, women prevailed in the group of patients with LP. Comparison of the anamnestic data regarding dermatoses revealed a chronic recurrent nature, characteristic of both psoriasis and lichen planus. According to the to the duration of the disease, among patients with psoriasis, the majority were patients with a long course of more than 10 years, among patients with LP – patients with a history of less than 1 year. In the group of patients with psoriasis, the majority were patients with early onset of dermatosis, in the group of patients with LP – with a late onset after 25 years. Annual manifestations of dermatosis were recorded in the vast majority of patients with psoriasis; in patients with LP, annual manifestations of dermatosis were recorded 12 times less frequently. A family history of psoriasis was found 10 times more often than in the LP group. In patients with psoriasis, compared with patients with LP, a greater relative number of long-term forms of dermatosis (38% of cases versus 22.5%), and early forms of dermatosis, which occurred before the age of 25 (52% of cases, versus 26.5%) were found. The leading provoking factor among patients with psoriasis was recognized as psychoemotional stress (61%), and among patients with LP, infections suffered the days before (49%). Also, in patients with psoriasis, obesity and overweight were recorded 5 times more often, cardiovascular diseases – 3.6 times more often, endocrine disorders – 2.4 times more often, concomitant pathology of the digestive system – 1.5 times more often than in patients with LP. At the same time, comorbital chronic infectious states were recorded more often in LP patients than in patients with psoriasis (31.25% of cases versus 22% of cases). Conclusions. The revealed results of the clinical and anamnestic characteristics of the studied groups turned out to be homogeneous in terms of age characteristics, heterogeneous in gender characteristics, trigger factors, comorbid pathologies, and multidirectional in terms of duration, manifestations and onset of dermatosis, which requires further study and systematization of key parameters.

scholarly journals How should a clinician interpret results of randomized controlled trials?

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Virginijus ŠAPOKA ◽  
Vytautas KASIULEVIČIUS ◽  
Janina DIDŽIAPETRIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Random Allocation ◽  
Equivalence Testing ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Selection Of

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews are the most reliable methods of determining the effects of treatment. The randomization procedure gives a randomized controlled trial its strength. Random allocation means that all participants have the same chance of being assigned to each of the study groups. The choice of which end point(s) to select is critical to any study design. Intention-to-treat is the preferred approach to the analysis of clinical trials. Sample size calculations and data analyses have an important impact on the planning, interpretation, and conclusions of randomized trials. In this article, we discuss the problematic areas that can affect the outcome of a trial, such as blinding, sample size calculation, randomization; concealment allocation; intention of treating the analysis; selection of end points; selection of traditional versus equivalence testing, early stopped trials, selective publications. Keywords: randomized controlled trials, sample size, outcomes, type of analyses

scholarly journals Penerapan Metode AHP dan OCRA dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Menentukan Santri Berprestasi

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-343
Author(s):  
Mochammad Ichsan ◽  
◽  
Putri Aisyiyah Rakhma Devi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Support System ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of outstanding students is an appreciation given by the boarding school to the students who have the highest scores. However, the election is usually still done subjectively and manually, and there is no support system in creating decisions, which make the selection process long and inaccurate. This study aims to implement a decision support system in determining outstanding students at Mamba'ussholihin Islamic Boarding School predetermined with criteria. The process of selecting uses the method Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for weighting criteria and Operational Competitiveness Rating Analysis (OCRA) for ranking. The OCRA value obtained is in the form of Pi, which is ranked to get the best students. The findings show that the error consistency level is less than 10% and the consistency index value is accepted, so that it can be used as an initial weight with a relative number = 1. After calculating the OCRA method from the initial 75 alternative data, the top 10 alternative data obtained are in the form of the value of Pi will be entitled to an award as an outstanding student, so by applying these two methods it can speed up the results of the decision, it does not take a long time and the results obtained are also precise.

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