scholarly journals Horse Whip Pommels With a Special Protrusion of the XI—XIII Centuries (Based on the Materials of the National Museum of History of Ukraine)

Archaeology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 54-71
Author(s):  
Maksym Osypenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Unknown Origin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Group I ◽  
River Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
Short Time

To bridge a riding war horse and subordinate it to the will of the rider is possible through the usage of harness and other special equipment, which were fixed on an animal or operated by a person. In addition, a whip was used to execute the orders of the rider more effectively. The whip occured in the complex of weapons of the Ancient Rus warrior from a nomadic environment, where it simultaneously acted as a cult attribute and a kind of amulet. The structure of the whip provided the following components: a whip woven made of leather straps, a whip-handle, which ended with a knob at the pommel. Nowadays, there are different whip pommels according to their shape, material of manufacture and construction. The parts of the handle are divided into groups due to the material of manufacture (bone/horn, metal), into types according to the body shape, and into ornamental schemes if possible. All of them are connected by the presence of a typical protrusion, which prevented the whip from falling out of the rider’s hand and, in some cases, acquired a certain visual similarity to the head of a bird, or had specific zoomorphic (ornithological) features. Four types are distinguished for bone knobs (group I): spherical flattened; barrel-shaped rounded and with elongated proportions; with zoomorphic features; attached to the heads of the natural curves of the horny outgrowth. Metal knobs are of five types (group II): spherical; barrel-shaped elongated; zoomorphic; with cut corners; star-shaped. In the Eastern European region, finds of whip pommels with somewhat flattened forms and small beak-like outgrowths begin to be recorded from the X c. and all items are exclusively made of bone. The round, spherical and barrel-shaped knobs with elongated projections appear in the second half of the XI c. and continue to exist in the next two centuries. Zoomorphic knobs in the shape of a bird’s head of small proportions existed for a relatively short time — XI — first half of the XII c., and items on an elongated socket – from the XII — first half of the XIII c. The knobs with cut corners are dated more widely, within the XII—XIII/XIV c. The National Museum of the History of Ukraine contains eight items representing the corresponding pommels or their parts. Two finds are of unknown origin, and six are identified and come from Ancient Rus settlement structures of the XI—XIII c. from the territory of the Ros River region: Nabutiv, Kononcha, Sharky, Kniazha Hora.

Self-Injuring Body Art

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-170
Author(s):  
Rosemarie Brucher
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
Past Research ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Body Art ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Art Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
Artistic Self

AbstractArtistic self-injury, established as an art form since the late 1960s, polarizes the audience and still raises questions about the motivations behind such actions as well as about the narrative contexts in which they occur. While past research has focused on either specific performers or specific trajectories of violence in the contexts in which each artist was working, for instance, the Vietnam War (Kathy O’Dell), this article localizes artistic self-injury within the larger coherencies of the history of mind with respect to aesthetic theories. Questions of subjectivation and desubjectivation seem especially productive for such a discussion. Read against the backdrop of the aesthetics of the Kantian sublime as a strategy of self-empowerment that sets the independence of the will against the powerlessness of the body, the self-wounding act can also be understood with Georges Bataille as a purposeful desubjectivation, in which the artist strives for a radical disempowerment through pain. A consideration of selected artists sounds out the range between these two theoretical references.

scholarly journals On the impregnation of the ovum in the amphibia

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 971-975
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Germinal Vesicle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
History Of ◽  
Black Surface ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Short Time

The author states that this communication to the Royal Society is part of a series of investigations on development, on which he has been for some years engaged, and which was commenced in a paper on that of the Myriapoda, published in 1841, in the Philosophical Transactions. The plan followed in these investigations has been to combine observations on the natural history of the animals with others on the conditions which affect their development, as the best mode of arriving at correct conclusions. The history of the discovery of what can now be proved to be the direct agent of impregnation, the spermatozoon, is then traced; and it is shown, that although within the last few years an opinion has been gaining ground that the spermatozoon, and not the liquor seminis , as formerly supposed, is the means of impregnation, no acknowledged proof has hitherto been given of the correctness of this opinion, and no refutation afforded to the theory that the liquor seminis is the part of the seminal fluid immediately concerned. The question of the agency of the spermatozoon has thus remained open; and it is to this question, with a view first to supply proof from direct experiments of the fact of the agency of this body, as well as to examine into the circumstances under which this agency is exerted, influenced or impeded, that the present communication is especially devoted. The author then traces the changes in the ovum within the body of the Amphibia, from a short time before the disappearance of the germinal vesicle to the period when the ovum is expelled before impregnation. The structure of the germinal vesicle in the ovarian ovum is shown to be an involution of cells, as stated by Wagner and Barry; but the author differs entirely from the latter respecting the mode of disappearance of the vesicle, and also respecting the part played by its constituents in the production of the embryo. He believes the included cells are liberated by the diffluence of the membrane of the germinal vesicle in the interior of the yelk, not in the centre of the yelk, but much nearer to the upper or dark surface than to the white or inferior, and at the bottom of a short canal, the entrance to which is in the middle of the upper or black surface at a point already noticed by Prevost and Dumas, Rusconi and Boa; and he thinks that it is due to the diffluence of the envelope of the vesicle in this situation that the moment of disappearance has not yet been observed. The germinal vesicle in the Amphibia always disappears before the ovum leaves the ovary, and escapes into the cavity of the abdomen. The mode in which the ovum, after leaving the ovary, is believed to arrive at the entrance of the oviduct is then stated, and the structure of the entrance in the intermedial space, as shown by Swammerdam, described.

scholarly journals SISTEM PAKAR BERBASIS LOGIKA FUZZY UNTUK DETEKSI LEVEL PENYAKIT SCABIES

CCIT Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-196
Author(s):  
Muhamad Safi’i ◽  
Hanny Haryanto
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
History Of ◽  
Short Time

Scabies is a skin disease that is easily transmitted, either through direct contact or through intermediaries such as clothes, bed sheet, and water. The disease causes itching on the body, especially at night. Transmission of the scabies disease is very fast and can develop into an outbreak in a community. Obstacles that occur in the treatment of this disease is not all people with the disease could check it for a variety of reasons, such as too busy with work and economic limitations. This research using fuzzy Tsukamoto to develop an expert system for the detection of scabiesdisease. The use of expert systems is very important because it can be a tool to substitute the expert, the expert system is easy to use, and can make decisions in a short time. Scabies disease diagnosis process carried out by way of input symptoms  that suffered by patients. Symptoms that are used as input is a scratchy, itchy location, number of lesions or spots, and an extensive history of itching or the number of infected person. The outcome of this process is the level of scabies from mild to severe

scholarly journals Houses of Worship in Fallujah in the Ottoman and Royal Eras

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Ali Mohammad shihab Al-Dulaimi
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The People ◽  
Minority Religion ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Building Project ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Town ◽  
As If

This research tackles in detail the houses of Islamic worship and others in Fallujah since its contemporary creation following the construction of the wooden Ottoman bridge in 1885. An Ottoman Firman was issued in 1899-1900 to make the village of Fallujah a town and the administrative center of the surrounding area, a position it retained until the end of the monarchy in 1958. The study sheds new light on the ways in which houses of worship convey a vivid picture of the faith, doctrinal beliefs, and religiosity of the town’s citizens. These houses of worship also offer insights into the conduct and daily activities of the citizens as they seek to achieve prosperity while adhering to the teachings and guidance of their Creator and Prophet. With the will and divine patronage, the contemporary town of Fallujah has been closely associated with its first mosque, founded in 1898 by Kazem Pasha (may Allah have mercy on him). The mosque highlights the dedication of the early Fallujah people to their religion, the first building project they undertook when Fallujah was made a town. The establishment of a mosque displays their devotion to the work of their Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) when he entered the town of Yathrib as an immigrant. The mosque was designed to be the religious and moral centre of the town, and reflecting the fact that the life, pride, renaissance and education of its people start from the mosque. This blessed work conveys a divine blessing upon the modern contemporary town, making it famous within a short time of its founding as if it is a heavenly message to those who raise the remembrance of God, in reward may Allah raise his remembrance. Because of the great expansion of the town, other houses of worship were established, including temple (the synagogue) which the people of Fallujah call (the Torah) in 1915, to be the second house of worship. This construction signals the importance of the Jews in Fallujah as well as highlighting the lack of religions or sectarian intolerance amongst the early people of Fallujah who did not oppose the construction of a house of worship for a second, minority religion. This also shows that they lived in affection, compassion, peace and respect for all religions and nationalities. This study also displays the wonderful and diverse Fallujian fabric at the beginning of the formation of their contemporary town, a diverse societal mosaic, as if it were a miniature Iraq. This religious diversity and tolerance was an important feature of Fallujah during its formative years as it grew rapidly. As the population expanded, additional mosques were needed to accommodate all the worshipers. The Shaker al-Dahi Mosque which was constructed in 1948, followed by the Al-Siddiq Mosque in 1950, and then the Al- Farouq Mosque in 1953. In addition, there were a number of small mosques scattered around the town, such as the Mulla Wahib Mosque, founded in 1936 and later called the Mosque of Saadoun, and the Mulla Ahmed Sarhan Abdali Mosque which was founded on the ruins of the Siddiq Mosque. Each house of worship gives us unique glimpses of the history of the emergence of the neighborhood in which it was founded. The growing number of mosques from 1948 onwards undersxcores the dramatic and rapid expansion of Fallujah during the first 50 years following its inception. The population doubled, and started competing in the construction and reconstruction of mosques until the town came to be called ‘the town of mosques’ and ‘the town of the gloried people’. Keywords: The history of Fallujah, The Waqf Mosque, The Great Mosque, The Torah (The Synagogue), Al-Saadoun Mosque, Shaker Al- Dahi Mosque, Al- Sidiq Mosque , Abu Baker , Al-Faruq Mosque, Omar Bin Al-Khattab.

The Cinematic Bodies of Eastern Europe and Russia

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Film Studies ◽  
Second World War ◽  
The Body ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
History Of ◽  
Russian Cinema ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second World

This edited collection is the first book to draw together a range of theoretical and critical approaches relating to the filmed human bodies of Eastern European and Russian cinema. While much research has been conducted within film studies into the representation of the body in Western European (and ‘world’) cinemas, much less attention has been paid to the bodies and sensations of Eastern European film. The collection examines representations of the body in Eastern European and Russian cinema (including the cinema of Poland, Hungary, former Czechoslovakia, and former Yugoslavia) after the Second World War, drawing on the history of the region and Western and Eastern scholarship on the body. It focuses on three areas: the traumatized body, the body as a site of erotic pleasure and the relationship between the body and history. It demonstrates how bodily discourses, oscillating between complicity and subversion, shaped individuals and societies during the period of state socialism and after its fall. A critical dissection of the ways in which human bodies are framed, ideologically and aesthetically, the ways in which they may transgress this frame, and their contact with the human bodies of the audience, is, the book argues, of invaluable significance in extending our understanding of Eastern European visual culture.

scholarly journals THE COLLECTION OF FELIKS JASIEŃSKI’S DONATION – THE FIRST TWO VOLUMES

Muzealnictwo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Tomasz F. de Rosset
Keyword(s):  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
The Body ◽  
Decorative Arts ◽  
National Museum ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extensive Collection ◽  
Polish Art

These are the first two volumes out of the ten planned by the National Museum in Cracow, which together will constitute the publication of the body of work donated to the museum by Feliks “Manggha” Jasieński. One volume presents the collector’s creative biography and the history of his various collections. There are also attempts to interpret the nature of the content of his collections, mainly woodcuts and other Japanese objects, as well as modern Polish art, paintings, engravings (together with a set of European engravings) and decorative arts. The second volume is the first part of a monumental catalogue of the collection which covers drawings, watercolours and pastels by Polish artists. The subsequent eight volumes are envisaged to cover particular parts of this extensive collection (of Polish, European and Eastern paintings, drawings, sculpture, engravings and decorative arts). This enormous undertaking marks the 100th anniversary of Jasieński’s donation (1920–2020), and, as Zofia Gułubiew put it, is intended to visualise and fix the extent and variety of the collection in the public’s awareness. The publishing project by the National Museum in Cracow is extremely valuable, and it should be hoped that it will succeed as intended.

scholarly journals “V.V. Bessel” Collection in the Russian National Museum of Music

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-163
Author(s):  
Anna S. Krivtsova
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Music Publishing ◽  
Russian Music ◽  
Music Printing ◽  
Relevant Task ◽  
Music Collection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Important Addition

Vasily Vasilyevich Bessel (1843—1907) entered the history of Russian and world music culture as one of the largest music publishers. His company was occupying one of the leading positions in terms of production volume in the Russian music printing market in the late 19th — early 20th century. It was the company that first published many of works by Russian classical composers — A.G. Rubinstein, A.P. Borodin, P.I. Tchaikovsky, M.P. Mussorgsky, N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov, and A.K. Lyadov. V.V. Bessel’s music publishing activities were connected with his works on the history of music printing in Russia and copyright. He left an extensive legacy in the form of numerous handwritten materials, now dispersed in various archives (mainly in Moscow and Saint Petersburg). The Russian National Museum of Music, Collection 42, holds one of the largest archives associated with V.V. Bessel. Major part of it makes up a separate collection called “V.V. Bessel”, which includes unofficial documents, responding mail, as well as literary manuscripts and photographic materials. Due to lack of comprehensive research of that documentary collection, this article provides a brief overview of its content, and the history of formation of V.V. Bessel’s collection. The main purpose of the research is to characterize both published and unknown sources. The article meets the relevant task of modern musicology: disclosure of Moscow and St. Petersburg archival collections. Many of the documents reviewed by the author are an important addition to the only monograph on V.V. Bessel, which belongs to the pen of N.F. Findzein. The article discusses, in more detail, the documents related to the literary weekly “Muzykal’nyi Listok [Musical Sheet]” (1872—1877), the first periodical published by “V. Bessel and Co.”, as well as the correspondence of December 1886 between V.V. Bessel and P.I. Tchaikovsky, which, at the latter’s initiative, ended all the composer’s personal and business contacts with his Petersburg publisher. This study expands the researchers’ understanding of the body of documents stored in the collection under consideration, the problems associated with them, and their prospects.

scholarly journals Villiam Grønbæk: Psykologiske tanker og teorier hos Grundtvig

1952 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-91
Author(s):  
P. G. Lindhardt
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Modern Psychology ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will ◽  
God's Image ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Trinity

Villiam Grønbæk: Psykologiske tanker og teorier hos Grundtvig. (Grundtvig s Psychological Ideas and Theories.) Skrifter udg. Af Grundtvig-Selskabet IV, København 1951. (Publications of the Grundtvig Society IV, Copenhagen 1951). Reviewed by P. G. Lindhardt.This book does not deal with Grundtvig’s own psychological development, but attempts to present Grundtvigs ideas about psychology, and in so doing also prepares the way for a complete presentation of Grundtvig’s anthropological theories. The author, who is well known as an expert on the psychology of religion, uses his thorough knowledge of modern psychology to describe Grundtvig’s theories about “ foreboding” (intuition) and “ longing” (favourite words of the Romantic Movement) and “ experience” and “ self-consciousness” (the leading philosophical concepts of the eighteenth century). Grundtvig in his youth acquired a thorough knowledge of contemporary psychological theories, as is made evident by a series of unpublished notes which Dr. Grønbæk reproduces (with occasional misreadings). But Grundtvig never became the disciple of any particular psychologist; he formed his own theories independently, e. g., his famous tripartite psychological division of man’s mental life into imagination, feeling and understanding. In his treatment of these ideas, which were central in Grundtvig’s work as a writer, the book is of great general interest to all students of Grundtvig.Of great value, too, is the presentation of Grundtvig’s view of man as consisting of body, soul and spirit. For Grundtvig the body is not something base and of no consequence, as it is for so many idealist philosophers; man in his whole nature is created by God and in God’s image (Grundtvig can even conceive of his tripartite psychological division mentioned above as mirroring the Trinity), and his contact with the Divine is maintained, first and last, through the word, which is both physical (spoken by the mouth and apprehended through the ear) and spiritual.The book also discusses Grundtvig’s ideas concerning the will and the conscience, faith and the heart, and the different periods of human life. The fundamental religious experience which Grundtvig describes in the words: “When the heart warmly / Takes hold on the word, / Then we embrace our Saviour” is discussed in the light of the theories of the modern experimental psychologist, W. Gruehn, and his conception of human nature is compared with Stern’s psychology of the individual. Thus the book not only directs its attention to Grundtvig’s own period, but it is also a contribution to modern psychological studies. The author’s comments on the fundamental questions of the psychology of influence are of the greatest interest. The reviewer also considers that the book not only represents a conquest of new territory in Grundtvig research, but also throws light on many obscure points in the more recent history of Grundtvigianism, and should thus be of great help to students of this most singular sociological and psychological phenomenon in the history of our Church.

A 200-Year History of the Study of Childhood Language Disorders of Unknown Origin: Changes in Terminology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence B. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Language Disorders ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Purpose The current “specific language impairment” and “developmental language disorder” discussion might lead to important changes in how we refer to children with language disorders of unknown origin. The field has seen other changes in terminology. This article reviews many of these changes. Method A literature review of previous clinical labels was conducted, and possible reasons for the changes in labels were identified. Results References to children with significant yet unexplained deficits in language ability have been part of the scientific literature since, at least, the early 1800s. Terms have changed from those with a neurological emphasis to those that do not imply a cause for the language disorder. Diagnostic criteria have become more explicit but have become, at certain points, too narrow to represent the wider range of children with language disorders of unknown origin. Conclusions The field was not well served by the many changes in terminology that have transpired in the past. A new label at this point must be accompanied by strong efforts to recruit its adoption by clinical speech-language pathologists and the general public.

ROLE OF LIPID PROFILE IN OVARIAN CARCINOMA PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Manisha ◽  
Dr. Ruchi Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Risk ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
History Of

Background: The term "ovarian cancer" includes several different types of cancer that  arise from cells of the ovary, most commonly, tumors arise from the epithelium or lining cells of the ovary.  Ovarian cancer risk is positively associated with higher consumption of dietary cholesterol and eggs, and inversely associated with a higher intake of vegetables. High consumption of fats may increase circulating estrogen levels, thus increasing the possibility of cell damage and proliferation that is responsible for cancerous growth. Material & Methods: The present study was conducted at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur (Rajasthan). Total  100 cases (females) attending the obstetrics and gynecology department for some gynecological and other problem  were selected for this study between the age of 40-60 years, who were attending cancer centre at GEETANJALI MEDICAL COLLEGE AND  HOSPITAL, Udaipur (Rajasthan).                GROUP I: - It consisted of healthy females control subjects (n=50) .By routine examination and tests, we ensured that all the subjects were healthy and there were no signs and symptoms or history of ovarian tumor and diseases GROUP II: - It consisted of ovarian cancer females subjects (n=50) with a history of ovarian tumor. Results:   Higher level of cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and low level of HDL are found in ovarian cancer patients. Conclusion: The present study we highlights the importance and role of serum lipid profile in diagnosis, prognosis and recurrence of the disease. The study shows that serum level of cholesterol, LDL, VLDL was elevated in  patients of ovarian cancer while low level of HDL are found in ovarian cancer patients. Key words: lipid profile, ovarian cancer.

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