scholarly journals INNOVATIONS IN PLANNING BASED ON THE MARGINAL APPROACH CONCEPT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (5) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
Oliver ORLOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
New Products ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Product Pricing ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Analytical Tools

In modern economic theory and practice, there is a whole range of problems, where the lack of analytical tools does not allow adequately measuring the expected results. A number of hypotheses are presented; proofs of these hypotheses show that a set of important economic problems (planning of cost production, profit, break-even point by product, pricing for new products and evaluation of effectiveness of inno-vation projects) do not meet an appropriate solution because of the lack of analytical tools. As an alternative, solutions of these problems based on the marginal approach concept are proposed. Distribution of fixed costs between types of products (proposed in accordance with the concept of marginal approach) is inherently a covering of fixed costs by marginal profit and formation on this basis of profit and profitableness both by the types of products and by enterprise as a whole. The concept of the marginal approach was also used to solve the problems of pricing on new products of industrial and technical purpose, which allowed forming the lower and upper limits of prices on an anti-costly basis. Methods for evaluating the effectiveness of innovative projects, which are pre-sented in economic literature and practice from the second half of the 20th century, are reduced to comparing investments with magnitude of profit from sale of an in-novative product during its life cycle. It is proposed to compare investments with the marginal profit received by the enterprise from a new product during its life cycle (of course, taking into account discounting). The results obtained have theoretical value, since they allow new ways to form cost price, profit and profitableness by product types, offer an anti-costly approach to pricing with provision of appropriate tools, as well as evaluation of effectiveness of innovation projects. And a practical significance of these results is to create ap-propriate conditions for a flexible cost management, profits and prices, which is es-pecially important for a rapidly changing market conditions.

ANALISIS BIAYA VOLUME LABA PADA PT. HADINATA BROTHER DALAM KAITANNYA DENGAN PENINGKATAN PROFITABILITAS PERUSAHAAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nur Rizqi
Keyword(s):  
Accounting System ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Product Mix ◽  
Key Words Cost Analysis ◽  
Income Statement ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Cost Accounting System ◽  
Break Even Point

Cost volume profit is concerned with determining the sales volume and product mix needed to achieve the level of profit. This analysis is a tool that will provide information to management about the relationship between costs, profits, product mix and sales volume based on the following assumptions: that all costs can be separated into part variable and part fixed, and that the total fixed costs are constant throughout the range analysis, and total variable costs change proportionately to changes in volume. The purpose of this study was to find a level of significance, the analysis reports in a vertical Income, Profit and Loss report analyzes horizontal and analytical results reported in the Profit and Loss concern cost volume profit at PT. Hadinata BROTHERSThe research method used is a case study method. This method covers the activities carried out by conducting research directly to the location to obtain the necessary data in connection with the problem under study. The study was conducted at the manufacturing company PT Hadinata BROTHERSFrom the results of research conducted, that the PT Hadinata BROTHERS January sales of 100%, February 77.02%, March 69.63%, 69.96% April, May 38.23%, 41.92% June decline highly significant, while the price of goods sold in January 97.65%, February 98.73%, March 90.59%, 97.66% April, May 177.40%, 112.25% in June and operating costs of January 2, 87% February 2.84% March 2.57% April 3.22% May 5.64% June 6.22%. Resulting in profits in January -0.53% February -1.67% March 6.83% -0.88% April, May -83.05%, -18.47% in June. So the calculation of break even point analysis (BEP) for January Rp. 1.884.750.000, February Rp. 1.6245 billion, in March Rp. 1.953.437.500, In April Rp. 1.889.750.000, May Rp. 1.323.000.000, June Rp. 1211370000.The results of the evaluation in this study that Analysis on the Income Statement in a vertical, PT Hadinata BROTHERS unprofitable can be said because it has not shown the numbers increased continuously. Overall in each unit of the income statement is presented there are irregularities that occurred at the Cost of Goods Sold which almost every month figures show a drop sales Cost of Goods or small. Analysis on the income statement horizontally, PT. Hadinata BROTHERS is a graph showing a decline in the percentage of each month. Overall figures on Cost of Goods Sold problems are large, while the sales figures showed a decline in every month. To anticipate the losses the company needs to make cost accounting system is organized so it can be budgeted revenues, expenses and profits as well. Key words: cost analysis of volume, profitability profit 

Bank Marketing: Features, New Trends, and Prospects

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
E. N. Valiev ◽  
E. N. Veysov
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
New Directions ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Bank Marketing

The importance of the subject of this study is attributable to the need of developing the theory and practice of formation of bank marketing, its features and new trends associated with this concept. Prospects for the development of banks and their ability to quickly and efficiently address new challenges presented by the market can be determined through modern forms, methods of management and creative use of financial marketing opportunities.Aim. The presented study aims to examine the specific aspects, principles, conditions, factors of emergence, and prospects for the development of bank marketing and forms of its management in modern economic conditions.Tasks. The authors identify the major trends and perspective directions in the development of bank marketing in Azerbaijan at the current stage.Methods. As its methodological and theoretical basis, this study uses a systems approach to the analysis of its subject, conceptual approaches outlined in the works of Azerbaijani, Russian, and foreign scientists in the field of bank marketing. These methods are used to determine the essence of bank marketing, present the types and organization of marketing research, and identify the characteristic traits, new forms, and directions for the development of bank marketing.Results. The study uses general scientific methods of cognition in various aspects to identify characteristic traits, trends, and new directions of bank marketing. A review of scientific publications shows that academic papers tend to focus on general conceptual approaches to the practical application of marketing. The authors believe that the issues of organization of a comprehensive bank management system, its implementation based on innovations in the promotion of banking products and services in the financial market, and substantiation of channels for their distribution among consumers are insufficiently explored. This makes the subject of this study extremely relevant due to the inevitable optimization of the organizational structure of banks through comprehensive implementation of the marketing system.Conclusions. Theoretical and practical issues of bank marketing are examined. As a result, the specific features and characteristic traits of this mechanism, conditions and factors for its emergence, and its prospects in the context of the digital economy are analyzed.

Something old, something new: Enabled theory building in qualitative marketing research

2021 ◽  
pp. 147059312110322
Author(s):  
Pierre-Yann Dolbec ◽  
Eileen Fischer ◽  
Robin Canniford
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Research ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Novel Theory ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Analytical Tools

“Enabled theorizing” is a common practice in marketing scholarship. Nevertheless, this practice has recently been criticized for constraining the creation of novel theory. To advance this conversation, we conduct a grounded analysis of papers that feature enabled theorizing with the aim of describing and analyzing how enabled theorizing is practiced. Our analysis suggests that enabled theorizing marries data with analytical tools and ontological perspectives in ways that advance ongoing conversations in marketing theory and practice, as well as informing policy and methods. Based on interviews with marketing and consumer research scholars who practice enabled theorizing, we explain how researchers use enabling theories to shape research projects, how researchers select enabling lenses, and how they negotiate the review process. We discuss the implications of our analyses for theory-building in our field, and we question the notion of originality in relation to theory more generally.

ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF ELEMENTS OF THE DIESEL COOLING SYSTEM ON ITS THERMAL STABILIZATION BY MEANS OF COMPUTER MODELING

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Zayats Yuriy Aleksandrovich ◽  
◽  
Zayats Tatiana Mikhailovna ◽  
Savelyev Maksim Anatolevich ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Computer Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Target Function ◽  
Thermal Stabilization ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Mechatronic Systems

Logistics support of products at all stages of the life cycle is gaining increasing influence. This is facilitated by the increasing complexity of structures, a large number of elements, the intro-duction of mechatronic systems. Under these conditions, the relevance of developing methods for analyzing the design of samples increases. The developed model for analyzing the diesel cooling system is based on the principles of cognitive modeling. The practical significance of cognitive models is shown, which consists in the possibility of predicting changes in the influence of system elements on the target function in various operating conditions.

TREND INSTRUMENTS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE FINANCING UNDER MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiia Hryshchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Credit System ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Modern Economic

The article considers the views of scientists on the problems of financial security of the agricultural sector of the economy, their significant contribution to the creation and development of theory and practice of financial security of small and medium-sized agribusiness. It is noted that financial security is one of the most important factors influencing the efficiency of agricultural enterprises. The credit instruments of financial support of development of the enterprises of agrarian business in the modern economic environment are characterized. Agrarian receipts are singled out as a direction of financing small and medium agrarian enterprises. The importance of agrarian receipts as one of the most dynamic ways to attract financial resources and development of small and medium agrarian business of Ukraine is substantiated. Other promising instruments of financial and credit support have been identified, which allow small businesses in the agricultural sector to function effectively, to improve the efficiency of agricultural production. It is determined that the use of effective credit instruments provides innovative development of agricultural enterprises. In order to form an effective policy of financing agricultural enterprises, measures aimed at increasing the transparency of agribusiness are needed; development of support infrastructure and educational work among small businesses; unconventional but effective methods of lending to agricultural producers. It is proposed to introduce new, effective financial and credit instruments in the agricultural sector of Ukraine in modern conditions, which in the long run will ensure the innovative development of the national credit system, taking into account the experience of countries with developed competitive economies.

The Rationality of Compiling a Forest Resource Balance Sheet

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-321
Author(s):  
Lijun Jin ◽  
Meng Lin ◽  
Guoshuang Tian
Keyword(s):  
Balance Sheet ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Forest Resource ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Service Value ◽  
Supporting Effect ◽  
Resource Accounting

Abstract The existing forest resource accounting system is limited to the valuation of wood and forest products; the service value of the forest resource ecosystem is not yet included. This study adopts an empirical approach to studying the rationality and influencing factors of compiling a forest resource balance sheet (FRBS). An FRBS can systematically reflect the contribution of forest resources to the economy, ecology, and society in terms of both physical quantity and value quantity. A questionnaire survey was used to collect the data. We found that the determination and measurement of forest resource assets and liabilities and the calculation of the service value of the ecosystem had a supporting effect on the rationality of compiling an FRBS. This study expands the field and scope of forest resource accounting, facilitates the compilation of natural resources and government balance sheets, and presents the practical significance for the theory and practice behind the development of an FRBS.

scholarly journals Growth Through Inter-sectoral Knowledge Linkages

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1827-1866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Cai ◽  
Nan Li
Keyword(s):  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
New Products ◽  
General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Aggregate Model ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Aggregate Growth

Abstract The majority of innovations are developed by multi-sector firms. The knowledge needed to invent new products is more easily adapted from some sectors than from others. We study this network of knowledge linkages between sectors and its impact on firm innovation and aggregate growth. We first document a set of sectoral-level and firm-level observations on knowledge applicability and firms’ multi-sector patenting behaviour. We then develop a general equilibrium model of firm innovation in which inter-sectoral knowledge linkages determine the set of sectors a firm chooses to innovate in and how much R&D to invest in each sector. It captures how firms evolve in the technology space, accounts for cross-sector differences in R&D intensity, and describes an aggregate model of technological change. The model matches new observations as demonstrated by simulation. It also yields new insights regarding the mechanism through which sectoral fixed costs of R&D affect growth.

scholarly journals General principles of ground of efficiency of informatively-measuring technologies in the process of exploitation of objects of the real estate

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (I) ◽  
pp. 74-85
Author(s):  
P. HRYHOROVSKYI ◽  
◽  
N. CHUKANOVA ◽  
YU. KROSHKA ◽  
I. OSADCHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Instrumental Measurement

Aim of this work – to set forth general principles of ground of efficiency of informatively-measuring technologies in the process of exploitation of objects of the real estate. Methodology. The method of substantiating the effectiveness of the restoration of the technical condition of real estate in the process of their operation is based on the use of information and measurement technologies to establish the technical condition of the object, which is a combination of information retrieval methods, instrumental measurement, analysis and processing of such information, technological and technical solutions to ensure the operational suitability of the facility in conditions of uncertainty. The method involves the formation of a repair strategy using information and measurement technologies based on the development of the life cycle of repairs and algorithms for selecting options for instrumental monitoring systems, choosing the procedure for studying the duration of measurement work, justification of labor and information technology costs and comparative assessment of total costs of real estate object. Results. It is established that measuring works are an integral part of the process of operation and repair work in its composition, which are carried out according to a single schedule of operation of the building and are part of repair work, and the frequency and volume of measuring, including geodetic work correlate with. To plan the volume of measuring work, their duration and labor costs are determined on the basis of existing time norms, and in their absence – by methods of technical rationing. Substantiation of the effectiveness of information and measurement technologies in the operation of real estate is performed by comparative assessment of total costs during the operational stage of its life cycle, taking into account the costs of implementing information and measurement technologies, that is the set of processes for obtaining information by instrumental measurement and processing ‘effective conclusion on the technical condition of the property. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is in the development of general principles for substantiating the effectiveness of information and measurement technologies in the operation of real estate. The practical significance lies in the improvement of standard solutions for the choice of composition and content of information and measurement technologies, taking into account their impact on the duration and labor costs of all types of repairs and reconstruction.

scholarly journals Digital Transformation of the Informal Institutional Environment and its Impact on Social Entrepreneurship Taking into Account the Life Cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 932-943
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Veretennikova ◽  
◽  
K. M. Kozinskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Digital Entrepreneurship

Social entrepreneurship is a relatively new form of solving problems in society. The development of social entrepreneurship depends on many factors, particularly the formal and informal institutional environment. The latter is undergoing rapid transformations driven by digital technology. The purpose of this study is to analyze and substantiate the impact of digitalization on the informal institutional environment at various stages of a social enterprise’s life cycle. The study uses the data on European countries provided by international reports the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and European Index of Digital Entrepreneurship Systems (EIDES). Methodologically, we rely on regression and correlation analysis methods. The study provides evidence of the significance of the Internet accessibility to households for the development of social entrepreneurship. The research also shows the features of informal institutions for social entrepreneurship. The theoretical significance of this study is that we showed the patterns of social entrepreneurship development, taking into account the digital component of informal institutions. As for the practical significance of the study, we have demonstrated that it is important to consider specific stages in the life cycle of an organization and their characteristics in designing economic institutions to stimulate the development of social entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Mechanism of transformation of agricultural enterprises in terms of innovative development

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
Diana Shelenko ◽  
Ivan Balaniuk ◽  
Liudmyla Sas ◽  
Petrо Matkovskyi ◽  
Iryna Kozak-Balaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effect ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Institutional Influences ◽  
Analytical Tools

The mechanism under study should be aimed at introducing innovative approaches to the modernization of technical l and technological cycles of production and economic processes, strengthening the competitive position of enterprises in the agrarian market and overcoming internal and external institutional barriers to enterprise development by suppressing irrational institutional influences on the functioning. The purpose of this study is to substantiate theoretical and methodological foundations and to develop applied approaches for implementing the mechanism of transformation of agricultural enterprises in a competitive environment. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the substantiation of the mechanism of transformation of agricultural enterprises, which includes such components as: information and analytical tools (monitoring of the economic environment, verification and systematization of information data, establishment of essential laws and relationships, the formation of information bases of decision  making, management, design-testing apparatus (designing a perspective plan for the transformation of agricultural enterprises, pilot testing of the target project of the proposed changes in the organizational and legal form of management, adjustment of the project of transformation of enterprises) and implementation-block (formation of innovative structures of agricultural enterprises, ensuring the sequence and consistency of implementation of target changes, minimization of conflict environment in the process of transformation in balancing the duties, process responsibilities and responsibilities in terms of the structural components of the new organizational and legal system). The social and economic effect of this mechanism is achieved through a synergistic effect obtained through the functional interaction of enterprises that are able, however, to work autonomously. The practical significance of the mechanism is manifested in the ability to generate comprehensive management support in the process of transformation of agricultural enterprises, taking into account the specifics of a particular organizational and legal form of management in a competitive environment of their operation.

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