scholarly journals Forecast estimation of oil and gas reserves of Lower Cretaceous sediments in Karkinit-Northern Crimean deep (by gas-hydrogeochemical indicators)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (180) ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Ivanna Kolodiy ◽  
Halyna Medvid
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Distribution Features ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Clay Rocks

Distribution features of formation waters in Karkinit-Northern Crimean deep were studied; the conditions of chemical composition origin of formation waters have been studied as well. The regional features for the distribution of formation waters and the conditions of their chemical composition forming of the Lower Cretaceous complex are established. The formation waters are salty or saline and commonly have low metamorphism intensity. The formation waters of the Lower Cretaceous complex are salt with often a low degree of metamorphosis. The values of the variation coefficients of five principal components (mineralization, (Na + K), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and the water sampling depths) are estimated to range from 28.73 to 57.14 %, which indicates insignificant variability each of these indicators; this characteristic does not depend on the type of water and place of sampling. The seven objects of the correlation such as mineralization, chlorine, calcium, ammonium, bromine, sulfates and hydrocarbonates are closely associated with each other. The land waters are commonly of calcium chloride (Cl.Ca) or hydrocarbonate natrium (Hyd.Car.Na) type, whereas in the water area all variety of formation waters has been recognized. Formation waters of Late Cretaceous shelf complex as well as formation waters at Tarkhankut peninsula have close relation between chemical components, low variations in the composition of macro- and microcomponents. Therefore, the formation waters of these regions could be formed in quite similar conditions. The characteristic features of the shelf formation waters are high sulfate content, despite the fact that waters complex occurs at great depths. At the same time, a decrease in the metamorphism intensity is observed as well as an increase in the Cl/Br ratio up to 1000 or more, caused by low bromine content. It is apparent that such characteristic can be the result of extrusion of water at the late stages of clay rocks dehydration. Paleoinfiltration processes in Lower Cretaceous complex may be considered as an alternative explanation. High gas saturation in the waters of the folded basin bed has been recognized at Golytsyno area and at the Tarkhankut peninsula (Melova, Oktyabrska, Berezivska and Western Oktyabrska areas). This allows us to predict the prospects of the Lower Cretaceous sediments of the Karkinit-Northern Crimean deep.

scholarly journals Hydrogeological characteristics of the Lower Cretaceous terrigenous complex of the Karkinit-Northern Crimean deep in the aspect of its potential for oil and gas presence

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Formation Pressure ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Composition Formation ◽  
Hydrogeological Characteristics ◽  
Clay Rocks

Purpose. To substantiate the prospects for oil and gas presence in the Lower Cretaceous sediments of the Karkinit-Northern Crimean deep based on hydrogeological (hydrogeochemical, gas-hydrogeochemical and geobaric) features. Methodology. Investigations of formation waters and water-dissolved gases were based on the methods of chemical, elementary spectral and gas chromatographic analyses executed at the laboratories of subsidiary joint-stock company "Chornomornaftogaz", subsidiary "Crimean Geology" and the Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals of NASU. For the comparison of formation pressure we applied the hydrostatic coefficient (Ch). Ch is the ratio of measured formation pressure to conditionally hydrostatic at the depth of the measuring with γ=1.000 (Рf/Рch), which eliminates the influence of uneven depths of measurement and different water densities, that is, to get the reduced value. For processing materials Excell, Corell Draw and Surfer are used. Results. Regional features of formation waters in the Lower Cretaceous complex as well as their chemical composition formation conditions are established. According to retrospective data analysis on the Crimean Plains, using the information received on the Black Sea shelf, we come to a conclusion that formation waters of the Lower Cretaceous complex are mainly sedimentogenic. The sulfate-natrium (S.Na) waters of the basal horizon and the Lower Cretaceous aquiferous complex most likely are infiltrative. This is evidenced by the decrease in the indicators of metamorphism of rCa/rMg, r(Cl-Na)/rMg and the increase in Cl/Br to over 1000, the lowered content of iodine (J) and bromine (Br). Infiltrative (paleoinfiltrative) waters mixed with primary sedimentogenic waters. This was accompanied by the decrease in their mineralization and thalassogenic trace elements contents in them. Modern infiltration from the land of meteoric waters at depths of more than 2000–3000 meters through the hydrodynamic barriers of the elision water drive system is impossible, but it could be realized at the continental infiltration stages of the foreground development and before the late Cretaceous time. This is evidenced by the continuous continental conditions marked by denudation of rocks. The main processes in the chemical composition formation of formation waters of Cretaceous and Lower Cretaceous complexes could have been: leaching rocks, mixing of infiltrative fresh or saline waters with thalassogenic waters; mixing of these waters with waters of the high temperature (>2000C) dehydration of clay rocks with formation of non-infiltrative (S.Na) and (Hyd.Car.Na) waters. Based on the analysis of the hydrostatic coeficient distribution (Ch) in the basal and Lower Cretaceous aquiferous complexes the existence of the elision water pressure system within the Karkinit-Northern Crimean deep is confirmed. The cause of overhydrostatic pressures is most likely to be the dehydration of clay rocks and the intrusion of deep gases. Geobaric conditions and filtration parameters suggest that the water flows of the elision water pressure system can move from the deepest parts of the Karkinit-Northern Crimean deep towards its sides. Originality and practical significance. The nature and forming conditions of formation waters have been substantiated. According to gas-hydrogeochemical and geobaric features it was possible to distinguish localities promising for hydrocarbon prospecting in the Lower Cretaceous deposits.

Increase of resistance of piercing mill mandrels at seamless pipes production of 13Cr grade martensite class stainless steel at line ТПА 159‒426 of JSC VTZ

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1259-1264
Author(s):  
I. I. Lube ◽  
N. V. Trutnev ◽  
S. V. Tumashev ◽  
A. V. Krasikov ◽  
A. G. Ul’yanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Pipe Plant ◽  
Piercing Mill ◽  
Steel Strength ◽  
New Material ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Steel ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Grade Steel

At production of pipes of type 13Cr grade steel used at development of oil and gas deposits in areas with aggressive environment, intensive wear of instrument takes place, first of all, piercing mill mandrels. Factors, influencing the resistivity of the piercing mandrels considered, including chemical composition of the material, the mandrel is made of and its design. Based on industrial experience it was shown, that chrome content in the mandrel material practically does not affect on the increase of its resistivity, since the formed thin protective oxides having high melting temperature, are quickly failed and practically are not restored in the process of piercing. To increase the resistivity of piercing mandrels at production of casing tubes of type 13Cr grade steel, a work was accomplished to select a new material for their manufacturing. The chemical composition of steel presented, which was traditionally used for piercing mandrels manufacturing, as well as a steel grade proposed to increase their resistivity. First, molybdenum content was increased, which increases the characteristics of steel strength and ductility at high temperatures and results in grain refining. Second, tungsten content was also increased, which forms carbides in the steel resulting in an increase of its hardness and “red resistivity”, as well as in preventing grains growth during heating. Third, cobalt content was also increased, which increases heat resistivity and shock loads resistivity. The three elements increase enabled to increase the mandrels resistivity by two times. Results of mandrel test of steel 20ХН2МВ3КБ presented, the mandrel having corrugation on the working cone surface, which enabled to reach the resistivity growth to 12 passes without significant change of instrument cost. Microstructure of mandrels made of steels 20Х2Н4МФА and 20ХН2МВ3КБ shown. Application of the centering pin of special design was tested, which provided forming of a rounding edge on the front billet ends, eliminated undercut of mandrel external surface in the process of secondary billet grip and increase the service life of the piercing mill mandrels. At production of seamless pipes of martensite class type 13Cr stainless steels having L80 group of strength, an increase of piercing mandrel resistivity was reached by more than four times, which together with other technical solutions enabled to increase the hourly productivity of the hot rolling section of Volzhsky pipe plant ТПА 159-426 line by more than two times.

scholarly journals The chemical composition of Lessonia berteroana (ex L. nigrescens) in kelp harvest management and open access areas near Coquimbo, Chile

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-267
Author(s):  
J.M. Alonso Vega ◽  
Pedro H. Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Optimal Harvesting ◽  
Harvest Management ◽  
Species Population ◽  
Pressure Indicators ◽  
Lessonia Berteroana

Lessonia berteroana (ex L. nigrescens) is kelp freely harvested from Open Access Areas (OAA), and to some extent controlled, from Management and Exploitation Areas for Benthic Resources (MEABR). Harvesting pressures can change population dynamics, mainly in OAAs. In particular, harvesting may alter the chemical components of plants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the harvesting effects on the chemical composition of L. berteroana from MEABR and OAA sampled during different seasons (spring and fall) and at two sites (Talquilla and Lagunillas) near Coquimbo (30°S), Chile. The crude protein (13.5 ± 1.0%), total lipids (0.9 ± 0.2%), crude fiber (16.3 ± 1.6%), ash (30.1 ± 1.5%), and nitrogen-free extract (39.2 ± 2.0%) contents of L. berteroana were within reference values for Laminariales species. Population descriptors and chemical analyses showed that harvesting had local effects, rather than being affected by a resource management strategy (OAA vs MEABR). The seasonal anticipator nature of L. berteroana may explain the detected seasonality of it's chemical composition. Regarding functional morphological structures, chemical composition in the fronds was more variable than in the stipes and perennial holdfast, probably since leaves are ephemeral structures susceptible to environmental changes and that play a functional, rather than structural, role in kelp. In the context of Chilean kelp resource management, monitoring chemical composition is useful for determining optimal harvesting periods to local scale and for deciding when commercially valuable compounds, such as alginate, should be extracted. These data also complement harvesting pressure indicators based on L. berteroana demographic parameters.

scholarly journals Effects of rhizosphere fungi on the chemical composition of fruits of the medicinal plant Cinnamomum migao endemic to southwestern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingzhong Chen ◽  
Xiaolong Huang ◽  
Bingli Tong ◽  
Deng Wang ◽  
Jiming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Fungal Populations

Abstract Background This study examined how rhizosphere fungi influence the accumulation of chemical components in fruits of a small population species of Cinnamomum migao. Results Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were dominant in the rhizosphere fungal community of C. migao. Pestalotiopsis and Gibellulopsis were associated with α-Terpineol and sabinene content, and Gibellulopsis was associated with crude fat and carbohydrate content. There were significant differences in rhizosphere fungal populations between watersheds, and there was no obvious change between fruiting periods. Gibberella, Ilyonectria, Micropsalliota, and Geminibasidium promoted sabinene accumulation, and Clitocybula promoted α-Terpineol accumulation. Conclusion The climate-related differentiation of rhizosphere fungal communities in watershed areas is the main driver of the chemical composition of C. migao fruit. The control of the production of biologically active compounds by the rhizosphere fungal community provides new opportunities to increase the industrial and medicinal value of the fruit of C. migao.

scholarly journals In vitro study of human osteoblast proliferation and morphology on orthodontic mini-implants

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 920-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Carvalho Bueno ◽  
Roberta Tarkany Basting
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteoblast Proliferation ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Implant Anchorage ◽  
Positive Effect

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the proliferation and morphology of human osteoblasts cultured on two brands of mini-implants after 24, 48, and 72 hours, in addition to the chemical composition found on their surface. Materials and Methods:  Two brands of mini-implant (Morelli and Neodent) were evaluated; polystyrene was used as a control group (n  =  3). Osteoblasts were cultured on the surface of sterilized mini-implants in a CO2 incubator at different time periods (24, 48, and 72 hours). Osteoblast proliferation was quantified by scanning electron microscopy using up to 5000× magnification, and cell morphology was analyzed by a single observer. For the chemical analysis, spectroscopy X-ray fluorescence was used to identify and quantify chemical components on the surface of the mini-implants. Results:  Two-way ANOVA showed no significant interaction between the factors studied (P  =  0.686). A Tukey test revealed no significant difference in osteoblast proliferation between the mini-implants at all studied periods; however, a difference in cell proliferation was detected between the Neodent and the control group (P  =  .025). For all groups, time had a direct and positive effect on osteoblast proliferation (P < .001). The significant elements present in both brands of mini-implants were titanium, aluminum, vanadium, and iron. Conclusions:  Osteoblast proliferation was present on the mini-implants studied, which increased over time; however, no significant difference between brands was observed. No difference was seen between the mini-implants evaluated in terms of chemical composition. Cell adhesion after 72 hours suggests that areas of bone remodeling can be achieved, thus initiating the process of mini-implant anchorage.

scholarly journals Geodynamics and Oil and Gas Potential of the Yenisei-Khatanga Basin (Polar Siberia)

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery Vernikovsky ◽  
Georgy Shemin ◽  
Evgeny Deev ◽  
Dmitry Metelkin ◽  
Nikolay Matushkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Foreland Basin ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Arctic ◽  
Folded Structures ◽  
Gas Potential ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western

The geodynamic development of the north–western (Arctic) margin of the Siberian craton is comprehensively analyzed for the first time based on our database as well as on the analysis of published material, from Precambrian-Paleozoic and Mesozoic folded structures to the formation of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Yenisei-Khatanga sedimentary basin. We identify the main stages of the region’s tectonic evolution related to collision and accretion processes, mainly subduction and rifting. It is demonstrated that the prototype of the Yenisei-Khatanga basin was a wide late Paleozoic foreland basin that extended from Southern Taimyr to the Tunguska syneclise and deepened towards Taimyr. The formation of the Yenisei-Khatanga basin, as well as of the West-Siberian basin, was due to continental rifting in the Permian-Triassic. The study describes the main oil and gas generating deposits of the basin, which are mainly Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous mudstones. It is shown that the Lower Cretaceous deposits contain 90% of known hydrocarbon reserves. These are mostly stacked reservoirs with gas, gas condensate and condensate with rims. The study also presents data on oil and gas reservoirs, plays and seals in the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous complexes.

scholarly journals KEROGEN TYPES OF BAZHENOV FORMATION BASED ON PYROLYSIS DATA AND THEIR COMPARISON WITH OIL PARAMETERS

2017 ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
E. E. Oksenoyd ◽  
V. A. Volkov ◽  
E. V. Oleynik ◽  
G. P. Myasnikova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Basin Modeling ◽  
Bazhenov Formation ◽  
Gas Bearing

Based on pyrolytic data (3 995 samples from 208 wells) organic matter types of Bazhenov Formation are identified in the central part of Western Siberian basin. Zones of kerogen types I, II, III and mixed I-II and II-III are mapped. Content of sulfur, paraffins, resins and asphaltenes, viscosity, density, temperature and gas content in oils from Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sediments (3 806 oil pools) are mapped. Oil gradations are identified and distributed. The alternative model of zones of kerogen II and IIS types is presented. The established distributions of organic matter types can be used in basin modeling and in assessment of oil-and-gas bearing prospects.

scholarly journals ON MULTIVARIATE APPROACH TO EVALUATE THE PROTECTION OF AQUIFERS AT DEVELOPMENT OF WESTERN SIBERIA OIL-AND-GAS BEARING AREAS

2015 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Bespalova
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Multivariate Approach ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Ground Waters ◽  
Clay Rocks ◽  
Gas Bearing

The qualitative and quantitative assessment of ground waters protectability based on the regional specific charac-teristics of the lithology and thickness of impermeable deposits of the zone of aeration and overlying deposits, a ratio of confined and ground water levels, the soils and clay rocks absorptivity. The article gives the author's vision of ground waters natural protectability. It presents a quantitative estimation by three most well-known methods. Based on the calculations made a map of protectability of fresh ground waters in the Atlym-Novomikhailovsk complex for Nizhnevartovsk district was constructed.

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