scholarly journals Principal Modernization Solutions for a 300 MW Power Unit to be Converted to Operate at Ultra-Supercritical Steam Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Andrii O. Kostikov ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr L. Shubenko ◽  
Viktor H. Subotin ◽  
Oleksandr V. Senetskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Steam Parameters ◽  
Thermal Scheme

This paper analyses the state of power engineering in Ukraine and the main trends in the development of the world market in the field of converting high-capacity powerful power units of thermal power plants into ultra-supercritical (USC) ones. It is shown that the energy sector of Ukraine requires special attention and the introduction of new modern technical solutions. Worldwide trends indicate that the emphasis is now on increasing the steam parameters before a turbine to ultra-supercritical ones. This allows one both to increase the efficiency of power units and to reduce thermal emissions, fighting the global environmental problem of climate warming. The implementation of this approach is proposed taking into account the realities of the Ukrainian economy and the available technical capabilities of the power engineering industry. This paper presents the results of variational computational studies of the thermal scheme of the 300 MW power unit of the K-300-23.5 turbine to be converted into a USC one. The problem was solved under the condition of maximizing the preservation of the thermal scheme, increasing the efficiency of the power unit and minimizing capital investments during the modernization of the turbine. It was chosen to preserve the regeneration system, as well as the medium-pressure (MP) and low-pressure (LP) cylinders. Considered and calculated were variants with the addition to the existing turbine of a USC cylinder and the creation of a new high-pressure cylinder (HPC) with insignificant changes in its overall characteristics. The results of computational studies showed that the most rational variant for modernizing the 300 MW turbine plant is the creation of a new HPC designed for operation at USC steam parameters as well as the addition to the IPC of a new cylinder with the purpose of increasing the reheat steam parameters while preserving the regeneration system.

Improving the efficiency and reliability of electric power generation at incineration plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-285
Author(s):  
A. V. Martynov ◽  
N. E. Kutko
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Working Medium ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Working Media ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

The article deals with the problem of waste disposal and, accordingly, landfills in the Moscow Region, which have now become the number 1 problem for the environment in Moscow and the Moscow Region. To solve this problem, incineration plants (IP) will be established in the near future. 4 plants will be located in the Moscow Region that will be able to eliminate 2800 thousand tons of waste per year. Burning of waste results in formation of slag making 25% of its volume, which has a very high temperature (1300.1500°C). An arrangement is considered, in which slag is sent to a water bath and heats the water to 50.90°C. This temperature is sufficient to evaporate any low-temperature substance (freons, limiting hydrocarbons, etc.), whereupon the steam of the low-temperature working medium is sent to a turbine, which produces additional electricity. The creation of a low-temperature thermal power plant (TPP) increases the reliability of electricity generation at the IP. The operation of low-temperature TPPs due to the heat of slag is very efficient, their efficiency factor being as high as 40.60%. In addition to the efficiency of TPPs, capital costs for the creation of additional devices at the IP are of great importance. Thermal power plants operating on slag are just such additional devices, so it is necessary to minimize the capital costs of their creation. In addition to equipment for the operation of TPPs, it is necessary to have a working medium in an amount determined by calculations. From the wide variety of working media, which are considered in the article, it is necessary to choose the substance with the lowest cost.

Standardization of digital technologies of simulator systems as a method of ensuring reliability of conditions of service of power engineering facilities (part 1)

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. Magid ◽  
I. Sh. Zagredtinov ◽  
S. V. Mishcheryakov ◽  
Ye. N. Arkhipova ◽  
V. L. Samoylov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Software Tools ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Operating Personnel ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Applied Software ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Method Of Evaluation

Matters are considered of standardization of digital simulator systems for ensuring reliability of service of various power engineering facilities. Definitions are given to such terms as reliability, functioning conditions anf safety.Industry-specific reference normative documents are presented regulating requirements to technical means for training power engineering personnel. Mandatory minimum requirements and criteria are presented to simulators of operating personnel of power generation enterprises according to the rates established. Existing regulatory technical documents and regulations on requirements to simulators of operating personnel are presented in an overview. Particular emphasis is put on creating technical specifications for certification of applied software tools of simulators of thermal power plants and networks, including compliance with requirements to identification characteristics of software tools, to functional characteristics, to data processing functions, as well as to compatibility and safety, and to user interface.Of considerable importance is the method of evaluation of the simulator, especially with consideration of today’s information technology requirements. The current state of most of developments in Russia’s simulator-building is considered in details, including: creating electronic lectures on description of technical characteristics of power engineering facilities and processes therein, generalized models of process devices, limited mode models, partial topology models (nodal models), shells for construction of process devices, integrated analysers of electric equipment, analytic software complexes and ACS.Based on detailed analysis of implementation of applied software tools in the field of simulator-building at power plants and network enterprises of Russia, substantiated conclusions are presented on the software products under consideration, which have positive references from customers and known for various reasons as “simulators”; these, though meeting the requirements stipulated by regulatory documents, do not feature to the full extent the properties necessary for full-fledged training, namely, full-scale applicability, compatibility with all modes and topological adequacy, which largely reduces the efficiency of their application in commercial operation.

Analysis on Circulating Water Heat Utilization Technology in Thermal Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 753-755 ◽  
pp. 2727-2730
Author(s):  
Jian Tao Liu ◽  
Xiao Cheng Ma ◽  
Kun Kun You ◽  
Jian Xing Ren ◽  
Yong Wen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Power Unit ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Heat Utilization ◽  
Circulating Water System

The thermal power unit is the major unit in Chinas power supply. Circulating water has large low-temperature waste-heat which can be recycled. The principles of water source heat pump technology is analyzed, characteristic of circulating water system in thermal power unit is studied. Then two kinds of connection methods between circulating water system and water source heat pump (WSHP) are presented.

scholarly journals Generation IV supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactors: Realistic prospects and research program

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel L. Kirillov ◽  
Galina P. Bogoslovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Supercritical Pressure ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Supercritical Water Cooled Reactor

Existing conditions make possible obtaining information that being discussed openly by wide scientific community could help outlining or even establishing the expediency of a particular area of present and future research. Use link http://www.sciencedirect.com to learn about the topics or areas that most attract researchers from different countries. The Generation IV International Forum (GIF-IV) established in January 2000 has set a goal to improve the new generation of nuclear technologies in the following areas: stability, safety and reliability, economic competitiveness, proliferation resistance and physical protection. The purpose of the present publication is to prepare a discussion of one of the directions of development of fourth-generation NPPs, the groundwork for which has already been laid in thermal power engineering in various countries. The number of papers published annually on this topic is the largest among other similar topics dedicated to nuclear power plants of the fourth generation. Judging from the operating experience of existing nuclear power plants using water as a coolant, it can be ascertained that the tendency of building water-cooled nuclear power plants will remain during the next 30 to 50 years. During the present stage the task in the development of alternative types of reactors will be limited to demonstration of their performance and acceptability for future power engineering and the society. The project of supercritical water-cooled reactor is based on the operating experience of VVER, PWR, BWR reactors (more than 14,000 reactor-years); many years of experience accumulated in operating fossil thermal power plants (more than 400 power units; 20,000 years of operation of power units) using supercritical (25 MPa, 540°C) and super-supercritical (35–37 MPa, 620–700°C) water steam. In Russia more than 140 supercritical pressure units are currently in operation. Numerical calculation and design of supercritical water-cooled reactor (similarly to BR-10 reactor) will allow not only training personnel for future development of this technology, but will also help revealing the most difficult points requiring experimental confirmation with application of independent test facilities, as well as formulating the plan of first priority experimental studies. Knowledge accumulated over the last 10 years in the world allows the following: further specifying the already developed concept; developing a plan of specific priority studies; compiling task order for designing small-power pilot VVER SKP-30 reactor (30 MW-th). The scope of problems that are to be solved to substantiate VVER-SCP reactor and commence designing an experimental reactor with thermal capacity of 30 MW is the same as that in developing any type of nuclear reactor: physics of the reactor core; material related matters (primarily concerned with the reactor pressure vessel, fuel, and fuel rod cladding); thermal hydraulics of rod bundles in the near- and supercritical areas; water chemistry at supercritical pressure; corrosion of materials, development of safety systems. Research must be carried out both in static conditions and under irradiation. The absence in Russia during the extended time period of approved program with allocation of appropriate funding and preservation of the existing status during the coming two or three years will lead to the situation when Russia will be hopelessly lagging behind in the development of SCWR technology.

ENSURING THE QUALITY OF MANUFACTURING GEAR TRANSMISSIONS IN POWER MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
O. Yakimov ◽  
S. Uminsky ◽  
N. Klimenko ◽  
L. Bovnegra ◽  
Yu. Shikhireva
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Gear Grinding

The development of modern power engineering goes along the line of continuous increase of speeds, efficiency and power units. Gears and gearboxes are crucial parts of modern mechanisms and occupy an important place in the domestic power engineering industry. The strength and durability of gears, in addition to design factors, to a large extent depends on the processing techniques. The final stage of manufacturing such wheels is the gear grinding operation. In the process of tooth-grinding, complex and unique thermomechanical processes take place in the thin surface layer. As a result of short-term heating to high temperatures, structural transformations, called prizhogami, occur in such a surface layer, and in some cases even micro and macro-cracks. In addition, there are cases of manufacturing gears with hidden grinding defects (for example, the appearance in the surface layer of teeth of large tensile stresses), which reduces the service life, and in some cases causes the teeth to break under operating conditions. The development of effective measures to ensure the quality of the surface layer during a gear grinding operation largely depends on the ability to predict (or calculate) temperatures and residual stresses along the depth of the cemented tooth layer. A method for calculating the internal residual stresses arising during gear grinding of wheels from cemented steels is proposed. On the basis of the performed calculations and experiments, the ways of improving the quality of manufacturing the working surfaces of gears used in units of thermal and nuclear power plants are proposed and substantiated.

scholarly journals Nanomaterials in the power engineering industry: market trends and application prospects

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 03014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Inshakova ◽  
Agnessa Inshakova
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
Essential Growth

The increase in the global consumption of marketed energy from all fuel sources (except coal) is regarded as a key factor driving power engineering industry (PEI) market growth. The absence of radical change in the structure of investment in PEI until 2030, with domination of investing equipment for the thermal power industry (with the exception of the year 2020) along with the essential growth of investment in the nuclear power industry is stated in the article. The authors focus on the significant potential of nanomaterials development and application for providing the PEI growth based on the new technological solutions and optimized technologies. Most widely used nanomaterials in the PEI worldwide, major fields and promising areas of nanomaterials application in the industry aimed at improving technology of the equipment’s fuel and structural elements construction, increasing efficiency of existing equipment, and developing renewable energy sector are examined. Contemporary trends and prospects for the PEI selected nanomaterials markets, their key players, positive and negative factors of market growth are identified.

scholarly journals Experience in multistage steam-driven ejectors

2020 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Ilia Murmanskii ◽  
Konstantin Aronson ◽  
Nickolay Zhelonkin ◽  
Alexander Ryabchikov ◽  
Adriano Milazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Improved Design ◽  
Steam Parameters ◽  
Technical Solutions

The article presents some trends of multistage steam-driven ejectors improvement and examples of its implementation. Three relevant directions were picked out: increasing of reliability, profitability and efficiency. Regarding the reliability increasing, existing serial ejector designs of various manufactures were analyzed. A number of new technical solutions were designed. For profitability raising two approaches were considered: decreasing of primary steam parameters and effect of high ejector productivity to the vacuum deviation in the condenser. Efficiency increasing comprises jet devices improvement. For these reasons a design method was refined. In this case geometrical parameters of existing serial ejectors were summarized, CFD research was performed. The improved design method along with new design solutions are implemented in several ejectors successfully. New ejectors are set at thermal power plants and have shown a high technical-economical effect.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document