scholarly journals IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF DISTRIBUTION NETWORK CONTROL UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF APPLICATION OF DISTRIBUTED SOURCES GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY AND MEANS OF ITS ACCUMULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
A.F. Zharkin ◽  
◽  
V.O. Novskiy ◽  
V.A. Popov ◽  
O.S. Yarmoliuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Network Control ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Controlled Switching ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Units

New technological solutions have been proposed that allow effective reduction of electrical energy losses in distribution networks with local generation sources and storage units due to the possibility of dynamic control of the network configuration. The conditions for the rational use of remotely controlled switching devices have been substantiated and an algorithm for controlling their operation has been developed. The possibility of using power electronics devices is demonstrated and an approach to their operation is proposed in order to create optimal flows of active and reactive power in the distribution network circuit to minimize energy losses. References 9, figures 3.

scholarly journals An Applied Model for Identification and Evaluation of Factors Affecting Energy Losses of Electric Distribution Network Case Study: Selected Counties of Bushehr Province

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Hamid Shahbandarzadeh ◽  
Gholamreza Jamali ◽  
Seyedeh FatemehYahosseini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Applied Model ◽  
Electric Distribution Network ◽  
The Impact

From its generation to utilization, some of the electrical energy gets wasted in the process. This loss of energy occurs due to various reasons, one of which is energy loss in distribution networks. Considering the high cost of power generation, it is important to identify factors causing this loss. This study was carried out with the objective of identifying energy loss factors and the importance of each factor. Lack of identification for factors stealing energy, network deterioration, amount of electrical load and the impact of such factors that can have significant influence on energy loss could diverge the path of energy management. Thus, the main objective of this study was to reduce energy loss and its additional costs by developing the concept of identifying influential factors and measuring the effect of each factor especially in different regions. The statistical population of this study comprised of power and energy experts and university professors. The statistical sample included 12 energy experts and their opinions were collected using questionnaires and paired comparisons. Weights of criteria were determined using SWARA technique. COPRAS-G technique was used for measuring the importance of criteria for Bushehr province distribution networks. The importance of criteria are: energy theft, measurement error, amount of load, network deterioration, loose fittings, improper placement of equipment, the amount of voltage, conductor resistance, equipment casualty, location and size of the capacitor, geographical conditions, Size and dimensions of the conductor, leakage, and network arrangements respectively. Distribution network of Assaluyeh region had the highest energy losses.

scholarly journals Smart Meter Data-based Three-Stage Algorithm to Calculate Power and Energy Losses in Low Voltage Distribution Networks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Grigoras ◽  
Bogdan-Constantin Neagu
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Power And Energy

In the paper, an improved smart meter data-based three-stage algorithm to calculate the power/energy losses in the three-phase low voltage (LV) distribution networks was proposed. In the first stage, an loading procedure of input data was built, being able to work simultaneously with files containing the active and reactive power profiles provided by smart meters and typical profiles associated to consumers without smart meters, based on the energy consumption categories, day type (weekend and working), and season type, knowing the daily energy indexes, in the second stage, a structure vectors-based algorithm was implemented to recognize the network topology, and in the third stage, an improved version of forward/backward sweep-based algorithm was proposed to calculate fast the power/energy losses to three-phase LV distribution networks in balanced and unbalanced regime. A real LV rural distribution network from a pilot zone belonging to a Distribution Network Operator (DNO) from Romania was used to verify the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The results were compared with those obtained using the DigSilent PowerFactory Professional Software, the MAPE being by 0.94%.

scholarly journals Real Fault Location in a Distribution Network Using Smart Feeder Meter Data

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3242
Author(s):  
Hamid Mirshekali ◽  
Rahman Dashti ◽  
Karsten Handrup ◽  
Hamid Reza Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Fault Location ◽  
Network Reliability ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Financial Loss ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
The Real

Distribution networks transmit electrical energy from an upstream network to customers. Undesirable circumstances such as faults in the distribution networks can cause hazardous conditions, equipment failure, and power outages. Therefore, to avoid financial loss, to maintain customer satisfaction, and network reliability, it is vital to restore the network as fast as possible. In this paper, a new fault location (FL) algorithm that uses the recorded data of smart meters (SMs) and smart feeder meters (SFMs) to locate the actual point of fault, is introduced. The method does not require high-resolution measurements, which is among the main advantages of the method. An impedance-based technique is utilized to detect all possible FL candidates in the distribution network. After the fault occurrence, the protection relay sends a signal to all SFMs, to collect the recorded active power of all connected lines after the fault. The higher value of active power represents the real faulty section due to the high-fault current. The effectiveness of the proposed method was investigated on an IEEE 11-node test feeder in MATLAB SIMULINK 2020b, under several situations, such as different fault resistances, distances, inception angles, and types. In some cases, the algorithm found two or three candidates for FL. In these cases, the section estimation helped to identify the real fault among all candidates. Section estimation method performs well for all simulated cases. The results showed that the proposed method was accurate and was able to precisely detect the real faulty section. To experimentally evaluate the proposed method’s powerfulness, a laboratory test and its simulation were carried out. The algorithm was precisely able to distinguish the real faulty section among all candidates in the experiment. The results revealed the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Solar photovoltaic-based microgrid hosting capacity evaluation in electrical energy distribution network with voltage quality analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Sharma ◽  
Mohan Kolhe ◽  
Alkistis Kontou ◽  
Dimitrios Lagos ◽  
Panos Kotsampopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Power ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Droop Control ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Power Conditioning ◽  
Network Operation ◽  
Hardware In Loop ◽  
Pv Penetration

Abstract In this paper, solar photovoltaic hosting capacity within the electrical distribution network is estimated for different buses, and the impacts of high PV penetration are evaluated using power hardware-in-loop testing methods. It is observed that the considered operational constraints (i.e. voltage and loadings) and their operational limits have a significant impact on the hosting capacity results. However, with increasing photovoltaic penetration, some of the network buses reach maximum hosting capacity, which affects the network operation (e.g. bus voltages, line loading). The results show that even distributing the maximum hosting capacity among different buses can increase the bus voltage rise to 9%. To maintain the network bus voltages within acceptable limits, reactive power voltage-based droop control is implemented in the photovoltaic conditioning devices to test the dynamics of the network operation. The results show that implementation of the droop control technique can reduce the maximum voltage rise from 9% to 4% in the considered case. This paper also presents the impact of forming a mesh type network (i.e. from radial network) on the voltage profile during PV penetration, and a comparative analysis of the operational performance of a mesh type and radial type electrical network is performed. It is observed that the cumulative effect of forming a mesh type network along with a droop control strategy can further improve the voltage profile and contribute to increase photovoltaic penetration. The results are verified using an experimental setup of digital real-time simulator and power hardware-in-loop test methods. The results from this work will be useful for estimating the appropriate photovoltaic hosting capacity within a distribution network and implementation of a droop control strategy in power conditioning devices to maintain the network operational parameters within the specified limits. Highlights Voltage and line loading constraints’ combination can reduce PV hosting capacity by 50% as compared to only voltage as a constraint. Implementation of reactive power versus voltage droop control in PV power conditioning device can reduce voltage variation from 9% to 4%. In a PV integrated electrical energy network, line loading can be reduced by 20% if the network is configured from radial to mesh type.

scholarly journals Home Energy Management Strategy-Based Meta-Heuristic Optimization for Electrical Energy Cost Minimization Considering TOU Tariffs

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 537
Author(s):  
Rittichai Liemthong ◽  
Chitchai Srithapon ◽  
Prasanta K. Ghosh ◽  
Rongrit Chatthaworn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Cost Minimization ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Heuristic Optimization ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Home Energy Management

It is well documented that both solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and electric vehicles (EVs) positively impact the global environment. However, the integration of high PV resources into distribution networks creates new challenges because of the uncertainty of PV power generation. Additionally, high power consumption during many EV charging operations at a certain time of the day can be stressful for the distribution network. Stresses on the distribution network influence higher electricity tariffs, which negatively impact consumers. Therefore, a home energy management system is one of the solutions to control electricity consumption to reduce electrical energy costs. In this paper, a meta-heuristic-based optimization of a home energy management strategy is presented with the goal of electrical energy cost minimization for the consumer under the time-of-use (TOU) tariffs. The proposed strategy manages the operations of the plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) and the energy storage system (ESS) charging and discharging in a home. The meta-heuristic optimization, namely a genetic algorithm (GA), was applied to the home energy management strategy for minimizing the daily electrical energy cost for the consumer through optimal scheduling of ESS and PEV operations. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, the load profile of a household in Udonthani, Thailand, and the TOU tariffs of the provincial electricity authority (PEA) of Thailand were applied in the simulation. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy with GA optimization provides the minimum daily or net electrical energy cost for the consumer. The daily electrical energy cost for the consumer is equal to 0.3847 USD when the methodology without GA optimization is used, whereas the electrical energy cost is equal to 0.3577 USD when the proposed methodology with GA optimization is used. Therefore, the proposed optimal home energy management strategy with GA optimization can decrease the daily electrical energy cost for the consumer up to 7.0185% compared to the electrical energy cost obtained from the methodology without GA optimization.

Swarm-Intelligence-Based Optimal Placement and Sizing of Distributed Generation in Distribution Network

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar ◽  
Perumal Nallagownden ◽  
Irraivan Elamvazuthi ◽  
Pandian Vasant ◽  
Luqman Hakim Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Voltage Stability ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Placement

In the distribution system, distributed generation (DG) are getting more important because of the electricity demands, fossil fuel depletion and environment concerns. The placement and sizing of DGs have greatly impact on the voltage stability and losses in the distribution network. In this chapter, a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm has been proposed for optimal placement and sizing of DG to improve voltage stability index in the radial distribution system. The two i.e. active power and combination of active and reactive power types of DGs are proposed to realize the effect of DG integration. A specific analysis has been applied on IEEE 33 bus system radial distribution networks using MATLAB 2015a software.

scholarly journals Power factor control of PV generators in local distribution networks using fuzzy logic concept

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.28) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Raed A. Shalwala
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Control System ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Control ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Voltage Control ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Logic Control

One of the most important operational requirements for any electrical power network for both distribution and transmission level is voltage control. Many studies have been carried out to improve or develop new voltage control techniques to facilitate safe connection of distributed generation. In Saudi Arabia, due to environmental, economic and development perspectives, a wide integration of photovoltaic (PV) genera-tion in distribution network is expected in the near future. This development in the network may cause voltage regulation problems due to the interaction with the existing conventional control system. In a previous paper, a control system has been described using a fuzzy logic control to set the on-line tap changer for the primary substation. In this paper a new control system is proposed for controlling the power factor of individual PV invertors based on observed correlation between net active and reactive power at each connection. A fuzzy logic control has been designed to alter the power factor for the remote invertors from the secondary substation to keep the feeder voltage within the permissible limits. In order to confirm the validity of the proposed method, simulations are carried out for a realistic distribution network with real data for load and solar radiation. Results showing the performance of the new control method are presented and discussed.  

Economic Valuation of Power and Energy Losses in Distribution Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Smajo Bisanovic ◽  
Mersiha Samardzic ◽  
Damir Aganovic
Keyword(s):  
Economic Valuation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
Radial Structure ◽  
Power And Energy

This paper presents a framework for determining the price of power and energy at each node in distribution network as well as the price of energy losses in their elements. The proposed framework is based on the concept of the radial structure network and gives one approach to solving the pricing problem that is based on purchase price of power and energy at the network supply point. In this way it is possible to determine the economic value of energy losses whether in the network as a whole or in particular voltage levels. The model has been successfully tested and results from test studies are reported.

scholarly journals Reactive Power Management Considering Stochastic Optimization under the Portuguese Reactive Power Policy Applied to DER in Distribution Networks

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abreu ◽  
Soares ◽  
Carvalho ◽  
Morais ◽  
Simão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
System Operator

Challenges in the coordination between the transmission system operator (TSO) and the distribution system operator (DSO) have risen continuously with the integration of distributed energy resources (DER). These technologies have the possibility to provide reactive power support for system operators. Considering the Portuguese reactive power policy as an example of the regulatory framework, this paper proposes a methodology for proactive reactive power management of the DSO using the renewable energy sources (RES) considering forecast uncertainty available in the distribution system. The proposed method applies a stochastic sequential alternative current (AC)-optimal power flow (SOPF) that returns trustworthy solutions for the DSO and optimizes the use of reactive power between the DSO and DER. The method is validated using a 37-bus distribution network considering real data. Results proved that the method improves the reactive power management by taking advantage of the full capabilities of the DER and by reducing the injection of reactive power by the TSO in the distribution network and, therefore, reducing losses.

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