scholarly journals Urban mammal fauna under conditions of a large city (on the example of Ulyanovsk, Middle Volga Region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (21) ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
Еlena Аrtemieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Large City ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Insect Fauna ◽  
Steppe Species ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Mammal Fauna ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Fauna

In this work, the topographic features of the spatial pattern of biodiversity of the urban fauna in general in the city are revealed: the number of urban fauna species has a maximum in the southern part of the city and a minimum in the western part. The mammal fauna as a component of urban fauna in general exhibits greater plasticity and adaptability in relation to humans compared to other groups of biota, for example, the insect fauna and avifauna. The urban mammal fauna in Ulyanovsk has historically formed due to the penetration of representatives of various faunal complexes that inhabit the region into the city area and its vicinities: (1) floodplain species associated with the river Sviyaga and its tributaries, 36.17%; (2) forest species living in pine-deciduous, deciduous-pine, and taiga forests, 46.81%; (3) upland-steppe species associated with Cretaceous landscapes of the right bank, 6.38%; (4) steppe species, including mammals of the left bank, common for the native feather grass–fescue steppes, 6.38%. Some animal species have remained in the city and in the region due to their spread by humans—introduced species and species kept in fur farms (10.64%). Synanthropic species are associated with human settlements (4.26%). The occurrence of species in different zones of the city (right bank and left bank) and habitats with an increase in the level of urbanization and a decrease in species diversity (1–5) are as follows: (1) green zones—parks and squares with woody vegetation, 31 species; (2) floodplain of the river Sviyaga within the city, 24 species; (3) summer cottages within the city, 15 species; (4) private sector with one-storey buildings, 5 species; (5) multi-storey buildings, 4 species. In general, in an urban environment, mammal species that coexist with humans make up 66.19 % of the total number of mammal species in the region. At the same time, the number of rare mammal species listed in the regional Red Book is 12.68%. Thus, when conservation measures for the protection of animal habitats within the urban environment are observed, most species are able to maintain stable populations.

ISSUES OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT IN NOVOSIBIRSK AND WAYS OF THEIR SOLUTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
E.B. Lerman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Large City ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Healthy City ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Private Car ◽  
The City

This article discusses the organizational and economic problems of the functioning of public transport in the city of Novosibirsk using the example of the Municipal treasury enterprise ‘Passenger Motor Transport Enterprise No. 4’. The main objective of the study is to find ways to solve problems which arise at this enterprise and which are common for urban passenger transport in a large city. The article analyzes the results of the enterprise, as well as the transport situation in Novosibirsk. The growth of the private car fleet significantly worsened the state of the urban environment in most cities of Russia and created a number of difficult to solve problems. Based on the study of solutions to similar problems in other cities and countries, the conclusion is drawn about the need for the accelerated development of urban passenger transport in comparison with other modes of transport. The search for effective ways to influence the behavior of transport users will make it possible to create a ‘healthy city’ that forms the necessary safety and quality of life for citizens.

FEATURES OF PERCEPTION OF URBAN SPACE IN THE HISTORICAL CENTER OF A LARGE CITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Anna Zhogoleva ◽  
◽  
Tatyana Polukeeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Large City ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Continuous Series ◽  
Historical Center ◽  
The City

The city develops over time, creating a continuous series of unique impressions from the perception of urban spaces. Many environmental parameters affect the perception of the urban environment, form the structures of perception and its atmospheric features. Socio-cultural knowledge of the city, expanding the glossary of architectural and urban planning theory, is engaged in the study of such parameters of the urban environment as the time factor of perception, anthropological parameters, the angle and scale of visual perception, urban gaps, which allows you to expand the idea of the city as a unique phenomenon and process. An attempt has been made to investigate the structure of the perception of the urban space of the central part of Samara.

scholarly journals Spatial factors for assessing the comfort of the urban environment of a large city

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
V. Sidorov ◽  
Yu. Sitnikov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large City ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The City

The conditions and spatial factors of the implementation of national projects in the Russian Federation are considered. For example, in the city ofFactors of comfort of the urban environment of a large city are evaluated in Izhevsk. The variants of effective combination of spatial urban complexes are identified.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT IN MAGNITOGORSK UNDER CONDITIONS OF CONTINUOUS IMPACT OF MAN-GENERAL DISCHARGES FROM THE WORKSHOPS OF MATALLURGICAL COMBINE INTO THE URBAN ATMOSPHERE

2020 ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
O. M. Shentsova ◽  
V. S. Fedosikhin
Keyword(s):  
Large City ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
The South ◽  
Industrial Dust ◽  
The City

Ensuring and maintaining the environmental safety of the urban population living in an industrial city in the vicinity of a large city-forming enterprise in conditions of constant emission of industrial dust and gases into the air has always been and is today one of the urgent problems of the architecture of the city of Magnitogorsk. The article examines the historically existing urban planning situation in Magnitogorsk in the conditions of the climate and wind direction of the South Urals, the accounting of which largely contributes to the protective qualities of the air despite the significant emissions of man-made pollution into the atmosphere of the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works (MMK). The original location of industrial buildings and residential areas during the construction of Magnitogorsk was carried out in the 30s of the XX century on the basis of a purely economic approach, bringing housing as close as possible to production, not taking into account wind flows from the construction site and cutting down perennial trees on the slopes of magnetic mountains for the construction of buildings and structures ... After 10 years of MMK operation, the significant role of the South Ural wind in maintaining the ecological situation in the city was proved. Until now, thousands of city residents continue to live in close proximity to MMK, feeling the harmfulness of industrial emissions that pollute the atmosphere. Later, the residential zone of the city began to develop to the south along the right bank, and the industrial zone to the north along the left bank of the river, thus creating further many unfavorable environmental problems that sometimes have to be eliminated.

scholarly journals Factors of Spatial Assessment of the Comfort of the Urban Environment of a Large City (on the Example of Izhevsk)

2021 ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
V. Sidorov ◽  
◽  
P. Sitnikov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large City ◽  
Spatial Assessment ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The City

The conditions and spatial factors of the implementation of national projects in the Russian Federation are considered. For example, in the city of Factors of comfort of the urban environment of a large city are evaluated in Izhevsk. The variants of effective combination of spatial urban complexes are identified.

scholarly journals Moving around a Large City in Latin America: The Mobility Challenges Faced by Older Adults with Disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 12984
Author(s):  
María-Eugenia Prieto-Flores ◽  
Mark W. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Large City ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The City

A growing body of research has shown that barriers in the urban environment can be disabling by reducing the ability of older people to manage independently in the community, but also because they can negatively affect health by limiting the possibilities to move outside the home. In this study, we ask how obstacles in the urban environment are associated with the need for help to go to places in the community. To respond to this question, we used the Annual Household Survey of the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina 2018, which had a specific questionnaire for people with disabilities. From this sample, we selected adults aged 65 years or older with difficulties in at least one of six domains: vision; hearing; upper and lower body mobility; cognition; self-care; and communication. The final sample consisted of 513 persons (weighted = 109,316). First, we conducted a principal component analysis identifying three factors from variables of obstacles to access and use the urban environment: transportation; outdoor spaces; and information. Second, through a logistic regression model, we observed a direct relationship between these factors and the need for help to move in the community, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and number of disabilities. This paper provides evidence on the significance of improving urban spaces to reduce dependent mobility. In Latin America, cities still face many challenges in becoming more age-friendly.

scholarly journals Perception of Changes in the Urban Environment: Imaginary Spectra of Post-Industrial Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-213
Author(s):  
Kseniia K. Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Extreme Points ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The City

Russian cities are in constant flux, i.e. both their material embodiment and social relations are changing. This article attempts to analyze the process of perception of the ongoing changes by the example of Novosibirsk. The information base of the study is the data obtained from a telephone survey of the residents of the Novosibirsk region designed to show a picture of the perceived changes in the urban environment in quantitative categories, and the data from semi-formalized interviews with the city residents conducted to reveal the meanings put into this picture. Dichotomies – extreme points of imaginary spectra describing the process of perception – are used as an analytical tool of the study. As a result, the paper describes the dichotomies “center – periphery”, “homogeneity – individuality” as well as related trends, i.e. rhetoric of “growth” of the left bank of Novosibirsk, distribution of networks, the role of shopping centers in public space, privatization and deindustrialization

Concerning the Concept of Light-Colour Arrangement of the Urban Environment in the Central Part of Tyumen

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Nikolay I. Shchepetkov ◽  
Svetlana B. Kapeleva ◽  
Denis V. Bugaev ◽  
Gregory S. Matovnikov ◽  
Anna S. Kostareva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
General Plan ◽  
Design Solutions ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The City

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of outdoor lighting in the central part of Tyumen (with consideration of conducted field observations) and prospects of its development on the basis of the general plan of illumination of the central part of the city being under design. Main provisions of this general plan as well as methodological principles and assessment criteria of design solutions illustrat-ed by photographs, schemes and visualisations of the illuminated objects are described.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document