THE SPECIFICS OF THE FUNCTION OF THE BOUNDARY OF PERSONAL SPACE AND THE LEVEL OF SUBJECTIVE CONTROL IN MARRIED COUPLES

Представлено изучение суверенности психологического пространства личности, функции его границы и уровня субъективного контроля у супружеских пар с разным семейным стажем. В основу исследования положены современные методики Т. С. Леви, С. К. Нартовой-Бочавер, используя которые, продолжается изучение феномена личностного пространства, его границ с точки зрения субъектно-средового подхода. Исследование психологической границы личностного пространства человека – тема, актуальная не только в пределах отдельной личности, но и в проблематике семейных отношений. Семья – первичный элемент социального пространства, формирующего содержательные характеристики личностного пространства человека, который в будущем, создавая свою семью, сформирует такое пространство и у своих детей. В исследовании приняли участие супружеские пары с разным стажем семейной жизни: менее 7 лет и более 7 лет, всего 110 человек. Установлены различия в «суверенности социальных связей», нарушения границ физического «Я», территориальной целостности семей с разным стажем жизнедеятельности. Данное исследование продолжает серию работ по изучению специфики психологического пространства личности не только у субъектов образовательной сферы школы, вуза, но и у взрослых респондентов. The article presents the study of the sovereignty of the psychological space of the individual, the function of its boundary and the level of subjective control in married couples with different family experience. The research is based on the modern methods of T. S. Levy, S. K. Nartova-Bochaver, using which we continued to study the phenomenon of personal space, its boundary from the point of view of the subject-environment approach. The study of the psychological boundary of a person’s personal space is a topical topic not only within the individual, but also in the problems of family relations. The family is the primary element of the social space that forms the content characteristics of the personal space of a person who in the future, creating his family, forms such a space for his children. The most important characteristic of psychological space is the integrity of its boundaries. The presence of a holistic psychological space plays an important role in family relationships. The study involved married couples with different experience of family life: less than 7 years and more than 7 years, a total of 110 people. Differences in the «sovereignty of social ties», violations of the boundaries of the physical «I», the territorial integrity of families with different life experience are established. This study continues a series of studies on the specifics of the psychological space of the individual not only in the subjects of the educational sphere of school, university, but also in adult respondents.

Autonomy of psychological space as a factor in school students' economic socialization

Introduction. Economic socialization of the individual during adolescence takes place in the form of their spontaneous inclusion in predominantly consumer relations, with adolescentsʼ stable economic behavior patterns being developed through their communication in peer groups (by means of exchange of personal belongings and services and spontaneous buying and selling). This is greatly influenced by the individual's ability to preserve the integrity and autonomy of their psychological space.Aim: to determine the impact of school students' psychological space organization on the development of their economic and psychological qualities.Methods: Retrospective Questionnaire of Monetary Mental Sets (M. Semenov), the semantic differential method to study students' attitudes to personal property and the ways of appropriating personal goods (N. Dembitska), Attitude to Money questionnaire (M. Semenov), Social Adaptability questionnaire (O. Posipanov), GET2test (modified by N. Dembitska), and S. Nartova-Bochaver Autonomy of Psychological Space questionnaire. The study involved 634 students aged 11 to 16 years.Results. Adolescents experienced the growing impact of moral factors on their methods of appropriation. As the autonomy of adolescents' psychological space increased, their tendency to self-knowledge and positive attitudes to their own ideas and knowledge strengthened, too. High school students were shown to be inclined for direct, and sometimes aggressive, assertion of their right to privacy in the space of their own things, values, and tastes.Conclusions. There are ontogenetic factors in school students’ economic socialization, with the latter having relationships with some aspects of school students’ psychological space autonomy.

Psychological Space-time Reinforcement Sensitivity Hypothesis & Mental Disorders: From Special to General Relativity Interpretation

The reinforcement sensitivity theory lacks basic sources of any human experience :time, place, and learning contexts that have shaped the reinforcement; therefore I have assumed a missing link in Gray's framework based on special relativity relying on the «what, where, and when of happenning»? as major resources of human conscious experience, which under punishment or reward exceed the sensitivity to pleasant or unpleasant stimuli transcending therefore the Weber law, that's why I called it: Psychological Space-Time Reinforcement Sensitivity “PSTRS” axis. The lasts explains BAS and BIS systems sensitivity to reinforcement across the cognitive space-time continuum of episodic memory, and not only across the two great dimensions of fear/anxiety and defensive distance of the McNaughton & Corr model of 2004. So, based on the disruption of the high-sensitivity information processing system in the brain, the four-dimensional conscious experience is distorted by its underlying sources and context. Thus, one of the timedominating records prevents the individual from overcoming the present., such in depression, obsessive compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder (psychological sensitivity to the past). These temporal records clearly lose their sequence and associative nature in dissociative symptoms due to the disruption of the most important milestone on which Einstein's physics was based. Consequently, psychological space-time reinforcement sensitivity supposes that psychological disorders can be interpreted according to the laws of special relativity (acceleration / deceleration), but this seems more complicated when it comes to mental disorders where the self is disturbed on its spatio-temporal axis as observed in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia looks like a three-componements disorder characterized by a disruption of the experience of time, place and self, which could be asummed up as a “self space-time disturbance". Notably schizophrenic patients appear losing the ability to gather in a dynamic way these componements, as if the world seemed missig the gestalt characteristic or fragmented. The past felt like an inevitable destiny inhibits the direction towards the future; sometimes disorient the self to the point of feeling lost, as if the psychological time slows down to the point of feeling separated from the « now » the physical time. So are we dealing with an Euclidian space? The article attempts to provide a non-traditional interpretation of mental disorders by including general relativity in psychological studies, based on the neurobiological bases involved in the spatio-temporal processing of the conscious experience in the quantum brain.

Adventurous Play as a Mechanism for Reducing Risk for Childhood Anxiety: A Conceptual Model

In this conceptual article, we draw upon the literature regarding cognitive and behavioural factors that underpin childhood anxiety to outline how a range of these risk markers might be targeted through adventurous play. When children play in an adventurous way, climbing trees, riding their bikes fast downhill and jumping from rocks, they experience feelings of fear and excitement, thrill and adrenaline. We propose that the positive, thrilling and playful emotions associated with this type of child-led play facilitate exposure to fear-provoking situations and, in doing so, provide opportunities for children to learn about physiological arousal, uncertainty and coping. We hypothesise that these learning opportunities will, over time, reduce children’s risk for elevated anxiety by increasing children’s expectations and ability to cope with anxiety, decreasing intolerance of uncertainty and preventing catastrophic misinterpretations of physiological arousal. If our conceptual model is correct, then ensuring that children have the physical and psychological space required to play in an adventurous way may help to decrease their risk for elevated or clinical anxiety.

Subjective Well-Being in Early Adulthood and Psychological Distance to the Objects of the Socio-Psychological Space during COVID-19 Pandemic

Objective. Study of changes in the young people subjective well-being during the initial period of COVID-19 distribution and its relationship with the subjective distance to the objects of the socio-psychological space of the individual. Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the global challenges in 2020, creating obstacles to meeting the urgent needs of people. Young people aged 18—24 are one of the most vulnerable groups in terms of psychological well-being, which makes it important to study their reactions during the pandemic. Study design. The study was conducted from April 14 to June 16, 2020 in the Khabarovsk region. Data was collected remotely. To identify changes during the pandemic, the sample data was compared with the results of a study, which had been conducted in February 2019. Participants. Sample 2019: 139 subjects (45 males and 94 females, aged 18—24, M=20). Sample 2020: 130 subjects (40 males and 90 females, aged 18—24, M=19.5). Measurements. The subjective well-being of young people was measured on a scale of global life satisfaction and subjective happiness. To study the psychological distance of social contacts, a modified method of A.B. Kupreichenko was used. Results. The significant increase in life satisfaction among young people was registered. Under the pandemic conditions, increased satisfaction is associated with proximity to a wide range of social groups. Сonclusions. The subjective well-being in early adulthood during the pandemic is associated with focus on social contacts, which creates conditions for the effective use of internal and external resources.

Features of the Sovereignty of Psychological Space in Adolescents with Different Levels of Suicidal Risk

In the framework of this work, the features of the sovereignty of the psychological space of adolescents with different levels of suicidal risk were investigated. Most adolescents have an average level of suicidal risk. Adolescents with a high level of suicidal risk are characterized by deprivation of the psychological space.

Russian Girls Construct Freedom and Safety in Pandemic Times

In this article we analyse ten structured interviews with girls aged 15 to 19 from Moscow and St. Petersburg. We look at how the girls are dealing with the fundamentally new and dangerous situation created by the coronavirus pandemic and note that they are looking for a social and psychological space for themselves in which they can create and experience stability and safety. They are more concerned about security than ever before, while being, at the same time, very sensitive to restrictions on their freedom and agency. Girls’ clear desire for privacy, fuelled by the pandemic’s increasingly rapid invasion of their digital space, reinforces their urge towards agency and their understanding of freedom as autonomy.