scholarly journals The European hamster (Cricetus cricetus) in captivity: keeping and breeding experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (21) ◽  
pp. 152-164
Author(s):  
Halyna Stanytsina ◽  
◽  
Igor Zagorodniuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Cricetus Cricetus ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
At Home

Hamsters have long been considered agricultural pests and their abundance has been controlled. Now in many countries they are recognized as rare and endangered species that are at a risk of extinction. Among conservation measures to preserve and restore the population of many species is to gain experience in their keeping and reproduction in captivity. The experiments were carried out with hamsters obtained from the Crimea at different times. The keeping experience of hamsters in an ordinary residential apartment and the specifics of domestication of the animals caught in the nature are described. Their captivity, cage arrangement, nutrition, reproduction, specifics of communication, seasonal and circadian rhythms, territorial behaviour, threats and factors influencing their well-being are described in detail. Practice has shown that these are friendly and interacting animals to keep at home, and their breeding as pets is promising. Even adults caught in a trap get used to people in 2–4 weeks, take food from hands, go to the cage door when they are called, remember their nickname, calmly walk on the hands and do not bite at all, even when their babies are taken to the hands. Although hamsters are nocturnal in the nature, they are often active during the day at home. They do not hibernate and are active all-year-round, and even breed in winter. Hamsters are highly sensitive to overheating and draft; both are harmful to them and lead to death. In the evenings, while walking around the room hamsters do not run away and do not hide; the cage is considered their territory, safe, and cosy. Therefore, after walks, they go to the cages themselves or ask to be placed in the cage. Quickly master the treadmill and run in it for hours. Hamsters are very different by their individual behaviour and preferences. The purpose of keeping hamsters in captivity is to introduce the species as pets and to form so-called ‘reserve populations’ to restore populations of the species in the wild. Being among the pets, this species will be preserved in the culture and will be able to be released in places where their existence would be desirable. Based on the experience gained from keeping hamsters in captivity, steps to form "wild" behaviour are recommended. The formation of artificial breeding groups, which together form a reserve population, is an important measure in restoration programmes of natural populations of Cricetus cricetus.

scholarly journals Captive Hill Mynah Gracula religiosa breeding success: potential for bird conservation in Thailand?

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANEE ARCHAWARANON
Keyword(s):  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Bird Conservation ◽  
Species Survival ◽  
Conservation Problem ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Nest Materials

Hill Mynah Gracula religiosa is one of the most popular bird pets worldwide due to its ability to mimic diverse sounds, especially human speech. However, Mynahs have rarely been bred in captivity, so nestlings from natural populations are in large demand, resulting in many populations being threatened with extinction. Both subspecies in Thailand, intermedia and religiosa, are costly and desired in the pet market. Captive breeding is one of the most practical strategies to solve a conservation problem of this nature and this report describes a success in breeding Hill Mynahs in captivity. Mated pairs were given free access to food, nest-cavities and nest materials. Reproductive behaviour in captivity was not different from that in the wild, with the exception that breeding occurred throughout the year, even during the non-breeding season for wild populations. Although there are doubts concerning the reintroduction of captive-bred birds and whether successful Hill Mynah breeding in captivity is an economically competitive alternative to poaching, it ensures species survival in captivity as the risk of extinction increases.

scholarly journals Understanding Reproductive Aging in Wildlife to Improve Animal Conservation and Human Reproductive Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Comizzoli ◽  
Mary Ann Ottinger
Keyword(s):  
Wild Species ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Reproductive Aging ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Human Reproductive

Similar to humans and laboratory animals, reproductive aging is observed in wild species-from small invertebrates to large mammals. Aging issues are also prevalent in rare and endangered species under human care as their life expectancy is longer than in the wild. The objectives of this review are to (1) present conserved as well as distinctive traits of reproductive aging in different wild animal species (2) highlight the value of comparative studies to address aging issues in conservation breeding as well as in human reproductive medicine, and (3) suggest next steps forward in that research area. From social insects to mega-vertebrates, reproductive aging studies as well as observations in the wild or in breeding centers often remain at the physiological or organismal scale (senescence) rather than at the germ cell level. Overall, multiple traits are conserved across very different species (depletion of the ovarian reserve or no decline in testicular functions), but unique features also exist (endless reproductive life or unaltered quality of germ cells). There is a broad consensus about the need to fill research gaps because many cellular and molecular processes during reproductive aging remain undescribed. More research in male aging is particularly needed across all species. Furthermore, studies on reproductive aging of target species in their natural habitat (sentinel species) are crucial to define more accurate reproductive indicators relevant to other species, including humans, sharing the same environment. Wild species can significantly contribute to our general knowledge of a crucial phenomenon and provide new approaches to extend the reproductive lifespan.

scholarly journals Some features of rare and endangered plant species introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00008
Author(s):  
Tatyana Elisafenko ◽  
Olga Dorogina
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Species Introduction ◽  
Endangered Plant Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered

The article discusses the features and main stages of rare and endangered plant species introduction. It is necessary to be guided by the principles of priority and expediency in the preparatory stage, which includes the analysis of literary data and preliminary studies in nature. The first stage is the primary introduction; it involves a detailed study of natural populations and organizing an introduction site. Based on the obtained results, the acclimatization assessment is determined. The study of biological features including reproduction is carried out at the second stage. The third stage includes investigations of the introduced populations. The phenorhythm stability, limiting factors determining dates of phenophase onset, the introduction population optimal size and number, seed longevity and conditions of their storage, self-maintenance ability are revealed. As a result, it is given the adaptation assessment, and recommendations are developed to save rare and endangered species in nature and under introduction conditions. Additional studies include applying karyological, molecular-genetic, biotechnological techniques, and possibilities to reconstruct natural populations.

scholarly journals Variability of morphometric characteristics of the leaves of European white elm from the area of Great War Island

2013 ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Jovana Devetakovic ◽  
Mirjana Sijacic-Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Great War ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Growing Stock ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Interpopulation Variability ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
The Republic

The European White Elm (Ulmus effusa Willd.) is indicated as a rare and endangered species in the growing stock of the Republic of Serbia. In the area of Great War Island, its natural populations were reduced to 56 registered trees, which occur in three spatially isolated subpopulations. On the basis of the research conducted on the level of variability of adaptible morphometric characteristics of leaves from 14 selected test trees of European White Elm, it can be concluded that the degree of interpopulation variability is satisfactory, which is a good basis for the conservation of the available gene pool.

scholarly journals Status and conservation of parrots and parakeets in the Greater Antilles, Bahama Islands, and Cayman Islands

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Education Programme ◽  
Greater Antilles ◽  
Cayman Islands ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Current Conservation ◽  
Grand Cayman ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Puerto Rican Parrot

SummaryIn the 1490S a minimum of 28 species of psittacines occurred in the West Indies. Today, only 43% (12) of the species survive. All macaws and most parakeet species have been lost. Although the surviving parrot fauna of the Greater Antilles, Cayman Islands, and Bahama Islands has fared somewhat better than that of the Lesser Antilles, every species has undergone extensive reductions of populations and all but two have undergone extensive reductions in range, mostly as a result of habitat loss, but also from persecution as agricultural pests, conflicts with exotic species, harvesting for pets, and natural disasters. The Cayman Brae Parrot Amazona leucocephala hesterna, with its tiny population (lessthan 150 individuals in the wild) and range, and the Puerto Rican Parrot A. vittata, with 22-23 birds in the wild and 56 individuals in captivity, must be considered on the of extinction and in need of (in the tatter's case, continuing) aggressive programmes of research and management. Other populations declining in numbers and range include the Yellow-billed Amazona collaria, and Black-billed A. agilis Parrots of Jamaica, Hispaniolan Parakeet Aratinga chloroptera, Hispaniolan Parrot Amazona ventralis, Cuban Parrot A. leucocephala leucocephala and, most seriously, Cuban Parakeet Aratinga euops. The population of the Grand Cayman Parrot (Amazona leucocephala caymanensis), although numbering only about 1,000 birds, appears stable and the current conservation programme gives hope for the survival of the race. An active conservation and public education programme has begun for the Bahama Parrot A. l. bahamensis, which still occurs in good numbers on Great Inagua Island, but is threatened on Abaco Island. Recommendations for conservation of parrots and parakeets in the region include (1) instituting term programmes of research to determine distribution, status, and ecology of each species; (2) developing conservation programmes through education and management approaches that are culturally, politically, and economically sensitive to the region; and providing and protecting habitat within suitably sized reserves.

scholarly journals AN EFFECTIVE WAY TO CARRY OUT MASS IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF POTENTILLA ALBA L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 433-444
Author(s):  
L. I. Tikhomirova ◽  
A. A. Kechaykin ◽  
A. I. Shmakov ◽  
O. V. Aleksandrova
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
The Republic

<p>Despite the plant’s extensive area of distribution, <em>Potentilla alba </em>L.<em> </em>natural resources are scarce and cannot meet the modern needs of the pharmaceutical industry. Because of the mass preparation of medical raw materials by using <em>P. alba</em>, it entered into the list of rare and endangered species plants of the Red Data Book of the Republic of Belarus. This plant is not represented in the wild flora of Western Siberia, but there is a great need for developing a method for the mass propagation of <em>P. alba</em> using <em>in vitro</em> culture in order to obtain a high-quality planting material. At the explant stage, the technique of the <em>P. alba</em> introduction into <em>in vitro</em> culture is developed. This paper reveals the morphogenetic features of the development of <em>P. alba</em> explants of different types and the regenerative capacity of the tissue culture. At the micropropagation stage, the optimum culture media and the growth conditions for the regenerated plants are selected. At the stage of test-tube plants rooting and transferring them into <em>ex vitro</em> conditions, the most effective means of adaptation to non-sterile conditions in hydroponics are proposed.</p>

scholarly journals Aspects, Including Pitfalls, of Temporal Sampling of Flying Insects, with Special Reference to Aphids

Insects ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Loxdale
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Temporal Sampling ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Similar Vein

Since the advent and widespread use of high-resolution molecular markers in the late 1970s, it is now well established that natural populations of insects are not necessarily homogeneous genetically and show variations at different spatial scales due to a variety of reasons, including hybridization/introgression events. In a similar vein, populations of insects are not necessarily homogenous in time, either over the course of seasons or even within a single season. This of course has profound consequences for surveys examining, for whatever reason/s, the temporal population patterns of insects, especially flying insects as mostly discussed here. In the present article, the topics covered include climate and climate change; changes in ecological niches due to changes in available hosts, i.e., essentially, adaptation events; hybridization influencing behaviour–host shifts; infection by pathogens and parasites/parasitoids; habituation to light, sound and pheromone lures; chromosomal/genetic changes affecting physiology and behaviour; and insecticide resistance. If such phenomena—i.e., aspects and pitfalls—are not considered during spatio-temporal study programmes, which is even more true in the light of the recent discovery of morphologically similar/identical cryptic species, then the conclusions drawn in terms of the efforts to combat pest insects or conserve rare and endangered species may be in error and hence end in failure.

scholarly journals Effects of Captivity on the Morphology of the Insertion Sites of the Palmar Radiocarpal Ligaments in Hominoid Primates

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1856
Author(s):  
Aroa Casado ◽  
Yasmina Avià ◽  
Miquel Llorente ◽  
David Riba ◽  
Juan Francisco Pastor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Insertion Sites ◽  
The Impact

The environmental conditions of captive hominoid primates can lead to modifications in several aspects of their behavior, including locomotion, which can then alter the morphological characteristics of certain anatomical regions, such as the knee or wrist. We have performed tridimensional geometric morphometrics (3D GM) analyses of the distal radial epiphysis in wild and captive gorillas, chimpanzees, and orangutans. Our objective was to study the morphology of the insertion sites of the palmar radiocarpal ligaments, since the anatomical characteristics of these insertion sites are closely related to the different types of locomotion of these hominoid primates. We have identified significant differences between the wild and captive specimens that are likely related to their different types of locomotion. Our results indicate that the habitat conditions of captive hominoid primates may cause them to modify their locomotor behavior, leading to a greater use of certain movements in captivity than in the wild and resulting in the anatomical changes we have observed. We suggest that creating more natural environments in zoological facilities could reduce the impact of these differences and also increase the well-being of primates raised in captive environments.

scholarly journals Toxocariasis In A Lioness In Jos Zoo, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
A. G. Rimfa
Keyword(s):  
Worm Burden ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Zoological Garden ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
African Lions

Wild animals in Zoos across the globe are kept for aesthetic, educational, recreational and conservation purposes. Collections of rare and endangered species are also preserved in Zoos. Lions do well in captivity but are prone to excessive worm burden especially round worms and tapeworms though these conditions can easily be managed with adequate Veterinary services. Incidence of toxocariasis in captive African lions (Panthera leo) in Nigeria has largely not been reported. Jos Zoo and Wildlife Park both in Plateau State of Nigeria have lost significant number of lions to toxocariasis due to inadequate Veterinary attention A fatal case of toxocariasis in an African Lioness in Jos Zoological Garden, Nigeria was presented as a case study.

scholarly journals Morpho-biological features of rosewort(rhodiola rosea l.) under the conditions of introduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
M. Y. Karpukhin ◽  
A. V. Abramchuk
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Single Vertex ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Rare And Endangered

The uncontrolled harvesting of rosewort has led to a sharp decline in its natural populations in the Nether-Polar Urals, and in a number of places in Altai and Sayany - to almost complete extermination of the plant. Nowadays rosewort is classified as rare and endangered species, in many regions - as a protected plant. One reliable way to preserve this plant is to introduce it into culture. The article presents the results obtained during the experiment (during 2010-2014) on the study of morpho-biological features of rosewort(Rhodiolarosea) L.) under the conditions of introduction. Theexperimental design included 3 options, differing in the area of nutrition: 1 var. — 50 x 50 cm (4 plants/m2), taken for control; 2 var. — 33 x 50 cm (6 plants/m) 2. ); 3 var. - 25x50 cm (8 plants/ m2). During the study, the optimal growing space was established - 50x50 cm, at which, during all years of observation, there was a more active growth of rosewort plants. Seasonal development process in all variants is represented by a single-vertex curve, with a pronounced maximum, the magnitude of which depended on the average daily growth of plants. The highest average daily increase in the experiment was observed in different terms: in the 1st var. — in the second decade of June; in the 2nd var. — in the third decade of June; in the 3rd var. — in the first decade of July; it varied from 1.28 cm (3 var.) to 1.71 cm (1 var.).

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