scholarly journals Kajian Kinerja Organoclay Bentonit Terinterkalasi Poli-DADMAC sebagai Flokulasn Limbah Cair Tahu

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhayati Rohmah ◽  
Irwan Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Performance Review ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
Rapid Stirring ◽  
Flocculation Process

Abstrak Telah dilakukan kajian kinerja organoclay bentonit terinterkalasi polyi-DADMAC  sebagai flokulan limbah cair tahu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektifitas organoclay bentonit terinterkalasi poly-DADMAC sebagai flokulan limbah cair tahu. Organoclay bentonit terinterkalasi poly-DADMAC  disintesis dengan mereaksikan 10 g bentonit dengan 100 mL poly-DADMAC 4%.  Pergeseran yang terjadi pada spektra hasil analisis XRD dan FTIR menunjukan keberhasilan proses interkalasi bentonit dengan poly-DADMAC. Koagulasi flokulasi dilakukan dengan metode jar test pada kecepatan pengadukan cepat 120 rpm selama 1 menit dan pengadukan lambat 20 rpm. Kajian kinerja flokulan organoclay meliputi variasi jenis flokulan, massa flokulan, lama waktu kontak flokulasi dan variasi jenis pengenceran. Nilai efektifitas penurunan COD maksimum pada   35.7 %  terjadi pada penambahan jenis flokulan organoclay dengan massa 0.05 g dan waktu kontak flokulasi 40 menit. Proses koagulasi-flokulasi limbah cair tahu menggunakan flokulan organoclay mampu menghasilkan penurunan nilai COD limbah dari 1145.76 mg/L menjadi 833.28 mg/L. Akan tetapi., koagulasi-flokulasi limbah cair tahu pada penelitian ini tidak menurunkan pH limbah secara ekstrim, rentang penurunan pH adalah dari 3.836 menjadi 3.448.   Kata kunci : Flokulan, organoclay, bentonit-polyDADMAC, limbah cair tahu Abstract Studies of Bentonite intercalated organoclay performance polyi-DADMAC as flocculants wastewater of tahu has been done. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Bentonite intercalated organoclay poly-DADMAC as flocculants wastewater of Tahu. Bentonite intercalated organoclay poly-DADMAC are synthesized by reacting 10 g of bentonite with 100 mL of poly-DADMAC 4%. The shift in spectral analysis of XRD and FTIR results showed the success of the process of intercalation of bentonite with poly-DADMAC. Coagulation-flocculation using Jar test with the rapid stirring speed of 120 rpm for 1 minute and 20 rpm slow stirring. Organoclay flocculant performance review includes a variation type of flocculant, flocculant mass, contact time flocculation and variations in the type of dilution. Rated maximum effectiveness of COD reduction occurs at 35.7% in the type of flocculant addition of organoclay with a mass of 0.05 g and a contact time of 40 minutes flocculation. Coagulation-flocculation process of wastewater of Tahu  using flocculants organoclay decrease COD from 1145.76 mg / L to 833.28 mg / L. However, coagulation-flocculation of wastewater of Tahu did not lower the pH of the waste significantly, decreasing pH occurs from 3.836 to 3.448.Keywords: Flocculant, organoclay, bentonite-polyDADMAC, wastewater of TahuDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v0i0.4322

Treatment of Textile Wastewater using Biodegradable Flocculants of Chitosan and Extracted Pandan Leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norzita Ngadi ◽  
Nor Aida Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Test Experiment ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Flocculation Process

The study investigated the performance of chitosan and extracted pandan leaves towards treatment of textile wastewater by using flocculation process. Pandan leaves were extracted by using solvent extraction method. Flocculation process was conducted using a Jar test experiment. The effect of dosage, pH, and settling time on reduction of COD, turbidity and color of textile wastewater was studied. The results obtained found that chitosan was very effective for reduction of COD, turbidity, color and indicator for color. The best condition for COD and turbidity removal was achieved at 0.2 g dosage, pH 4 and 60 minutes of settling time. Under this condition, about 58 and 99% of COD and turbidity was removed, respectively. However, the results obtained using extracted pandan was opposite compared to the chitosan. Extracted pandan was not able to remove both COD and turbidity of the waste. 

Ozonation application in activated sludge systems for a textile mill effluent

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Orhon ◽  
H. Dulkadiroğlu ◽  
S. Doğruel ◽  
I. Kabdaşli ◽  
S. Sozen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Color Removal ◽  
Flux Rate ◽  
Textile Mill ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

The study investigates the effect of partial ozonation of textile wastewater, both at the inlet (pre-ozonation) and the outlet (post-ozonation) of biological treatment, for the optimization of COD and color removals, both typical polluting parameters associated with the textile industry. Pre-ozonation provides at optimum contact time of 15 minutes 85% color removal, but only 19% COD reduction. Removal of the soluble inert COD fraction remains at 7%, indicating selective preference of ozone for simpler compounds. Post-ozonation is much more effective on the breakdown of refractory organic compounds and on color removal efficiency. Ozonation after biological treatment results in almost complete color removal and a 14% soluble inert COD reduction. The polishing effect of post-ozonation also proves quite attractive from an economical standpoint, involving approximately 50% of the ozone utilization at the same ozone flux rate and contact time, yet providing a lower soluble residual COD level.

scholarly journals Removal of Ni(II) and Cr(VI) Ions From Electroplating Wastewater Using Ferrous Sulfate

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-158
Author(s):  
Sheida Akar ◽  
◽  
Bahareh Lorestani ◽  
Soheil Sobhanardakani ◽  
Mehrdad Cheraghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Sulfate ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Industry Wastewater ◽  
Scanning Electron

Background: In this study, the ferrous sulfate was used to remove Cr(VI) and Ni(II) ions from a real Ni-Cr plating industry wastewater. Methods: This is an applied study. The type of sampling was composite by three 5 L containers. Wastewater chemical and physical characteristics were measured in accordance with the standard methods. The concentration of un-removed metal ions was estimated by ICP-OES. The Jar test was used to carry out the chemical coagulation experiment. The results indicated that the rate of removal depended on the pH of 1.5-11, the diverse contact time of 30-120 min, and the coagulant measurement ranging from 0.5-2 g/l. Results: The optimum removal of Cr(VI) ions was observed at a pH of 7 up to 83.88% in 0.5 g/l of coagulant for 40 min. While the optimum removal of Ni(II) ions was found at a pH of 5 up to 56.33 % in 0.5 g/l of coagulant for 40 min. The scanning electron microscopy results revealed the difference between the coagulant surface while coagulation. Also, the Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis showed the presence of Cr(VI) and Ni(II) ions on the surface of the ferrous sulfate after coagulation. Conclusion: Ultimately, the results indicated that ferrous sulfate could be an operative chemical coagulant to remove Cr(VI) and Ni(II) ions from the plating industry wastewater, especially for Cr(VI) particles. The results of this study can be a useful guide to the real plating industry wastewater treatment operators.

scholarly journals “Batik” Industry Wastewater Treatment via Coagulation-Flocculation Process and Adsorption Using Teak Sawdust Based Activated Carbon

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 08-13
Author(s):  
Prima Astuti Handayani ◽  
Umi Cholifah ◽  
Ria Ulviana ◽  
Achmad Chafidz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Water Stream ◽  
Untreated Wastewater ◽  
Flocculation Process ◽  
Industry Wastewater ◽  
Sequencing Process

Untreated wastewater of Batik industry can pollute the environment because it contains metal compound, COD, BOD, which are higher than the allowable values. Therefore, a treatment of this wastewater prior discharging to water stream (i.e. river) is very important. This research aims to investigate the use of Teak sawdust as activated carbon, and also the effect of adsorbent concentration, adsorption contact time, as well as coagulation-flocculation-adsorption sequencing process to the level of COD, BOD, and Zn in Batik wastewater. The Batik wastewater used for this research obtained from Batik industry in Rembang, which mostly used naphtol as the coloring agent. The wastewater was initially treated by coagulation-flocculation process, followed by adsorption process. The coagulant-flocculant used in this research was 1 g/L of alum and 3 g/L of lime. Whereas, the adsorbent used was activated carbon made from Teak sawdust with variation of concentrations: 10, 16, 23, and 26 g/L. Whereas, the adsorption contact times were 20, 40, 100, 160, and 220 minutes. The results showed that the coagulation-flocculation process was able to decrease the levels of COD, BOD, and Zn by 73.28%, 73.62%, and 79.21% respectively. Additionally, the adsorption process by activated carbon also further decreased the levels of COD, BOD, and Zn significantly. Based on the results, the optimum concentration of activated that gave the best result was 26 g/L with 220 minutes contact time. Overall, the combination of coagulation-flocculation and adsorption sequencing process was able to decrease the level of COD, BOD, and Zn up to 96.69%, 96.90%, and 91.90% respectively.

scholarly journals A critical review on flocculants and flocculation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srijita Bharti
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Wastewater Sample ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Chemical Alteration ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Flocculation Process ◽  
Suspended Loads

The article critically reviews the applications of biopolymers in the area of water treatment. A number of biopolymers were reported for their flocculation behavior for treating the wastewater and making it suitable for various industrial as well as agricultural purposes via chemical alteration onto its backbone. Wastewater treatment was followed by flocculation process using standard ‘Jar test protocol’. Minute quantities of dosage were found be ideal to diminish the organic, biological and suspended loads from wastewater sample. The process of flocculation using biopolymers was also found economically suitable compared to other various processes applied in water treatment.

scholarly journals CO2 introduced the coagulation-flocculation of oil acidized wastewater: pollutant removal and cost analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1108-1117
Author(s):  
Jinyi Qin ◽  
Yifan Gong ◽  
Chuan Qin ◽  
Hailong Meng ◽  
Yiwen He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Settling Rate ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Co2 Utilization ◽  
Flocculation Process

Abstract It is difficult to adjust the pH of oil acidized wastewater rich in Ca2+, thus hindering the polyacrylamide (PAM) flocculation. This study aims at accelerating the flocculation process by introducing CO2 into the water to induce the formation of CaCO3 nuclei. The order in which CO2 and NaOH were added affected the floc structures. Compared with CO2-NaOH-PAM, the flocs of NaOH-CO2-PAM were more compact and more CaCO3 crystals were formed. The aqueous Ca2+ involved in the reaction reached 20%, and CO2 utilization was enhanced. The settling time was shortened by half (from 20 to 3 min), and NaOH consumption was reduced by one-tenth (from 0.03 to 0.003 mol), hence significantly reducing the costs. Due to the higher settling rate and shorter contact time, the NaOH-CO2-PAM flocs adsorbed less so that the residual oil was 124 mg·L−1, while in the case of CO2-NaOH-PAM it was 88 mg·L−1. As a promising coagulation aid, CO2 can also be used to mineralize pollutants in wastewater.

Efficiency of the Coagulation-Flocculation Method for the Treatment of Dye Mixtures Containing Disperse and Reactive Dye

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Wen Wong ◽  
Tjoon Tow Teng ◽  
Nik Abdul Rahman Nik Norulaini
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Settling Time ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Colour Removal ◽  
Cod Reduction ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Ph Range

Abstract The coagulation-flocculation method was used to treat aqueous solutions containing varying ratios of commercial disperse and reactive dyes. The effectiveness of this method was assessed using such coagulants as alum, polyaluminium chloride (PACl) and MgCl2, and an anionic coagulant aid. The jar test method was used to measure the effects of pH and coagulant type and dosage on colour removal and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction. The effect of coagulant aid on floc settling time was also measured. The results showed that the coagulant dosage needed to achieve optimum colour removal and COD reduction increased as the percentage of reactive dye in the mixture increased. Alum and PACl performed effectively in a lower pH range (pH 3.8 to 5.2), whereas MgCl2 performed effectively in a higher pH range (pH 10.4 to 10.9). PACl was more effective than MgCl2 and alum, achieving >99% colour removal and 96.3% COD reduction using a smaller quantity of the coagulant. The addition of coagulant aid improved floc settling time. These results show that PACl is more effective than MgCl2 and alum in removing both colour and COD in the treatment of the industrial textile wastewater samples.

scholarly journals Reduction of P2O5 and F from Phosphogypsum by CaO addition

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03021
Author(s):  
Sri Rachmania Juliastuti ◽  
Nuniek Hendrianie ◽  
Yumna Dian Pawitra ◽  
Irham Raditya Putra
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Sedimentation Process ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation Process ◽  
Flocculation Process

Waste of Phosphoric acid industry, which called phosphogypsum consists of 65% gypsum, 25% water and 10% impurities. Phosphogypsum can only be used up to 15% and the rest is thrown away. The objective purpose of this study is to reduce the content of P2O5 and F using best variable CaO and stirring during coagulation process, flocculation and sedimentation. The method of this experiment is conducted by using the ratio of phosphogypsum and variable distilled water 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3, and then put it into a jar test using the variable stirring of 100 and 150 rpm. Then 11, 12 and 13 gram CaO and 50 ml distilled water is added as variables for coagulation – flocculation process. pH is kept at 6 by adding 4% NaOH. Polyalumunium chloride (PAC) 0.1% as much as 1.75 mg/l is added into the mixture and stirred at 30 rpm for 20 minutes. The separation of P2O5 and F, is done by the sedimentation process. These experimental results show that variable 1:2 (w/v), 12 gram CaO and 150 rpm stirring able to reduce fluoride and P2O5 up to 98.5% and 50% from phospogypsum.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Pentachlorophenol from Aqueous Solutions by Aspergillus Niger Biomass

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Reza Shokoohi ◽  
◽  
Salah Azizi ◽  
Seyed Amir Ghiasian ◽  
Ali Poormohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
Biomass Dosage

Background: This study aimed to investigate the biosorption of pentachlorophenol on Aspergillus niger biomass as a method for removal of pentachlorophenol from aqueous solutions. Methods: Modified A. niger biomass with NaOH was used to absorb the pentachlorophenol. The impacts of various experimental parameters like primary pentachlorophenol concentration, pH of the solution, contact time, and biomass dosage on the biosorption of pentachlorophenol were investigated. Results: The correlation of contact time, pH and initial concentration with the biosorption of pentachlorophenol by A. niger biomass was statistically significant (P<0.001). Pentachlorophenol removal increased with decreasing pH of the solution and the maximum efficiency was obtained at pH=3. The equilibrium adsorption capacity was increased from 4.23 to 11.65 mg/g by increasing initial pentachlorophenol concentration from 10 to 40 mg/L, while pentachlorophenol removal efficiency decreased from 87 to 55%. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms efficiently described adsorption equilibrium of pentachlorophenol on A. niger biomass. Correlation coefficients for the second order kinetic model were almost equal to one. Conclusion: A. niger biomass can be used to reduce the toxicity of aqueous solutions containing pentachlorophenol in acidic pH conditions.

scholarly journals The Role of Inorganic Metal Salts in Wastewater Clarification

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lugard Ukiwe ◽  
I.C. Iwu ◽  
Chijioke Okere M
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Suspended Particles ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Aluminum Sulphate ◽  
Ammonium Ferrous Sulphate

An investigation into the ability of four inorganic coagulants namely; alum (Al2(SO4)3.18H2O), ammonium aluminum sulphate (NH4Al(SO4)2.12H2O), ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) and ammonium ferrous sulphate (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.6H2O) in clarifying wastewater was examined. Results obtained from conventional standard ‘jar-test’ experiments indicated that alum was the most effective coagulant since it reduced turbidity of the wastewater to 0.64 NTU at a contact time of 300 min. Ferrous sulphate was the least effective coagulant, reducing turbidity of the wastewater to 3.45 NTU only at 240 min contact time, but when the contact time of the experiment was increased from 240 to 300 min, re-coloration of the solution was observed indicating re-stabilization of suspended particles. These findings tend to support the claim that alum is a choice coagulant for wastewater clarification.   

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document