scholarly journals I’jaz ‘Ilmy Al-Qur’ān dalam Penggunaan Kata Sama’ dan Baṣar

Refleksi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anzah Muhimmatul Iliyya
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Responsibility ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Individual Human

This article explaines the i’jaz ‘ilmy of al-Qur’ān in the use of the words sama’ and baṣar. The Qur’an often mentions these two words together in one verse, but what often comes first is the words sama’. This paper wants to know the secret behind the formation of those words using qualitative method, namely collecting data about the object of research in the form of the words sama’ and baṣar. Based on the research conducted, several conclusions have been found that the words sama’ and baṣar in the Qur’an are mentioned thirty-four times, although in some verses the words baṣar takes precedence, but does not change the consistency of the Qur’an in terms of balaghah and its contents. The consistency of al-Qur’an in the mention of the words sama’ which proves first proves that the phenomena that occur in the universe are true, the sense of hearing, especially in humans, is indeed more important than ever since being born into the world until it ends from the world. The words sama’ and baṣar in the form of singular always discuss the individual human responsibility in the hereafter. In addition, it was found that the words sama’ in the form of singular and baṣar in the plural which discusses the signs of God’s power in the world.

History: changing the forms or forming the changes?

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVEND ERIK LARSEN
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Close Analysis ◽  
Vitruvian Man ◽  
Human Responsibility ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

Change in European cultural history has, for a long period, been discussed through two interrelated notions, that of science and that of history. This paper traces the various stages of this discussion from Antiquity to the present day from the point of view of history. Two reoccurring and paradigmatic characters of mythological descent, Odysseus and Prometheus, illustrate how history as a realm for human responsibility and future planning has established itself as a specific European construct, with the 18th century as its final breakthrough in practical and ideological terms. A close analysis of Leonardo da Vinci's drawing the Vitruvian Man, in statu nascendi, shows how the individual human being carrying the obligations and the promises of this history, is envisioned. The final remarks underline the importance of scientific knowledge in the concrete shaping of this responsibility and a plea for an increased cooperation across the disciplines.

scholarly journals “Uproar in the Echo”: Browning's Vitalist Beginnings

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 91-103
Author(s):  
Leslie White
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Main Line ◽  
George Bernard Shaw ◽  
The World ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Élan Vital ◽  
Bernard Shaw ◽  
Willed Action ◽  
Individual Human

In letters to Mrs. Ernest Benzon and Mrs. Thomas FitzGerald, Browning claims affinity with the great philosopher of the Will, Schopenhauer, and asserts that elements of vitalism are the “substratum” of his life and work. These letters confirm the poet's place in the line of vitalist thought shaped by Schopenhauer, the English Romantics, and Carlyle and further developed by Nietzsche, George Bernard Shaw, Henri Bergson, and D. H. Lawrence. Vitalism resists precise definition; each theorist advances a singular terminology and application. Schopenhauer's vitalism may be understood from his concept of cosmic Will; Carlyle's from the essential presence of energy, movement, and change in the world. Bergson used the term élan vital and Lawrence such characteristically vague phrases as “sense of truth” and “supreme impulse” to express faith in forces operating beneath or hovering above the surface of life. Broadly put, when a rational orientation to the world ceased to be adequate, when rationalism devolved into a falsification of reality's authentic energy, major vitalists came into existence and posited as the true reality a primitive, universal force of which everything in that reality is an objectification. Unlike other vitalists in the English tradition, such as Blake and Lawrence, Browning was not comfortable with cosmic images. His vitalism breaks from the main line to focus on the individual human will, which he saw as an intuitive impulse and as a means to realize the self and locate its place in the world. For Browning, the comprehension of life's vital movement lay in the dynamic energy of willed action.

scholarly journals EVOLUTIONAL AND CREATION PARADIGMS OF THE ORIGIN OF THE WORLD: HISTORY AND MODERNITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Евгения Викторовна Алёхина
Keyword(s):  
World History ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mechanistic Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intersection Points ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Origin Of The Universe

В статье рассмотрены возникновение и развитие противоборствующих в философской мысли креационного и эволюционного объяснений происхождения Вселенной, жизни и разума. Обращаясь к анализу двух парадигм, автор показала, что они имеют длительную историю противостояния. В наше время, как и в прошлом, эта проблема сводится к альтернативе - либо эволюция как продукт слепой случайности, либо целенаправленное творчество Высшего Разума. В последнем случае есть два варианта: ортодоксальный и модернистский - «телеологический эволюционизм». Обосновывается, что современная постнеклассическая наука все больше определяется социальными, культурными и мировоззренческими основаниями. Одной из точек пересечения трех уровней научного знания является проблема происхождения мира. Противоположные варианты её решения имеют различное соотношение собственно научного (экспериментального) и мировоззренческого аспектов. Эволюционная гипотеза с позиции диалектического материализма не смогла преодолеть редукционизм и наивный реализм механистического подхода. Наличие в указанных парадигмах аксиологического компонента в той или иной степени утверждает или отрицает смысл жизни и достоинство личности. The article examines the emergence and development of the opposing creation and evolutionary explanations of the origin of the universe, life and mind in philosophical thought. Turning to the analysis of the two paradigms, the author showed that they have a long history of opposition. In our time, as in the past, this problem boils down to an alternative - either evolution as a product of blind chance, or purposeful creativity of the Higher Reason. In the latter case, there are two options: orthodox and modernist - «teleological evolutionism». It is substantiated that modern post-non-classical science is increasingly determined by social, cultural and ideological foundations. One of the intersection points of the three levels of scientific knowledge is the problem of the Origin of the World. Opposite solutions to its solution have a different ratio of the scientific (experimental) and worldview aspects. The evolutionary hypothesis could not overcome the reductionism and naive realism of the mechanistic approach from the standpoint of dialectical materialism. The presence of an axiological component in these paradigms, to one degree or another, affirms or denies the meaning of life and the dignity of the individual.

scholarly journals Apologia Tăcerii Și A Căutării În Poemul Autoportret

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-170
Author(s):  
Andreea-Corina Batori
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Universe

AbstractLucian Blaga is popular among the Romanian writers for his beliefs in the power of the unknown and the unsaid-word, for his attention given to the notion of mystery and knowledge.The present paper focuses on two of the main elements that coordinate some of the poet’s lyrical writings: silence and the state of being in a continuous search for the initial harmonious relationship with the Universe by returning to the origins of the world, by regeneration and reconstruction. These ideas are emphasized in the poem titled Autoportret in which the soul of the individual find sit self in the these arch for beauty and nothingness, for the pure word which is able to reinforce the bond between the individual and the totality of the unharmed Universe.Using themes, motifs, symbols, myths, figures of speech and techniques of construction, Lucian Blaga succeeds in creating a representative poem for his last volume entitled Nebănuitele trepte, a poem characterized by expressiveness, depth and a strong wish to find by means of silence what the souls has been looking for since ever – purity, peace and harmony.

Orwell's "Nineteen Eighty-Four" and Etienne Louis Boullée's Drafts of 1784

1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Adolf Max Vogt ◽  
Radka Donnell ◽  
Kenneth Bendiner
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Science ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Mathematical Basis ◽  
Human Scale ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Individual Human

E. L. Boullée's predilection for monumental dimensions and his admiration for Newton's momentous definition of the mathematical basis of the form of the universe brought on a new stage in the interrelation of cosmology and architecture. Combining the new gigantic leap in scale with an architectural use of the mathematically pure geometric forms of the sphere and the pyramid, Boullée both echoed Palladio's injunction that our "piccioli tempii" ought to resemble the great one of the universe, and prefigured the totalitarian disregard for human scale and the individual human being. Thus, Boullée "landscaped" two centuries ago the emotional setting of Orwell's "1984." He also revealed the threat of an "unexamined" submission of the forces of representation, and of architecture, to the inhuman dictates of a totally mathematical science.

scholarly journals СВОБОДА ЯК ОСНОВА ФІЛОСОФІЇ ЛЬВА ШЕСТОВА

2019 ◽  
pp. 195-201
Author(s):  
Т. Прудка
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Position ◽  
The World ◽  
Lev Shestov ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Individual Human

The philosophy of Lev Shestov has a close connection with life. The thinker considered it necessary to pay attention to the most burning issues, one of which is the problem of freedom. The article analyzes the phenomenon of freedom as the fundamental principle of Shestov's philosophy. It also reflects the main philosophical ideas of the thinker, analyzes the correlation of religion and philosophy in his work. It is noted that freedom occupies the central position for Shestov. Real philosophy doesn’t exist and can’t exist without it. At the same time, Shestov insists that logic is the main opponent of freedom. The article analyzes Shestov's argumentation concerning this issue. It is emphasized that the philosopher puts faith in God above reason, since God is the Truth, and the human mind tends to wander. It was also revealed that Shestov considered it impossible to judge the meaning of the universe rationally. The philosopher asserts that logic cannot be the only one method of perception of the existance, he is looking for the other forms of penetration into the secrets of the world order. Exactly such method for him occurs the faith in God. Only the faith gives an opportunity to comprehend the secrets of the world. Shestov anticipated the main ideas of late existentialism. The philosopher was worried about the problems of individual human existence, the search for a way out of hopelessness. The philosophy of Lev Shestov deserves careful and detailed studying. But, unfortunately, not enough attention was paid to his work, that fact determined the relevance of this work. The purpose of the study is to identify the importance of freedom as the basis of the philosophy of Lev Shestov, to reflect the central ideas of the thinker. It is concluded that Lev Shestov considered the faith in God is the only possible way of perception, since only faith can give a true freedom. The thinker sees a direct correlation between faith in God and philosophy.

To the Prerequisites for the Formation of an Egocentric Picture of the World: at the Intersection of Physics and Metaphysics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 210-232
Author(s):  
Sergey Myakinnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Physics ◽  
World Picture ◽  
Scientific Representations ◽  
The World ◽  
Man And Nature ◽  
Physical Organization ◽  
Environmental Relations ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Universe

The article considers the most general prerequisites for creating a new model of the ecological picture of the world, which is characterized by the comprehensiveness and completeness of coverage of various aspects of the study of the relationships between man and nature. For its formation, it is proposed to use an ecological version of the worldview-methodological platform, called ‘postholism’ by the author, which is able to coordinate the one, whole, many and singular, unique in (among others) the environmental relations of man, society and nature. This allows us to eliminate the methodological shortcomings of the reduction to the individual (merism), to the whole (holism), to the one (onecentrism) of human worldview orientations in the nature of naturcentrism, anthropo(socio)centrism, technocentrism, theocentrism. Such categories of philosophy as ‘reality’, ‘being’, ‘otherness’, ‘non-existence’, ‘being’, ‘nature’, ‘matter’, ‘physical’, ‘metaphysical’, and ‘spiritual’ were important tools for constructing a picture of the world of ecocentrism. They were refined and correlated with the latest achievements in quantum physics, astrophysics, cosmology, as well as reflexed based on extra-scientific representations of ancient cultures and religions. Physical, as well as metaphysical features of nature and man are briefly discussed. Nature is represented at various levels of physical organization (micro-world, macro-world and mega-world) and outside of physical dimensions. These dimensions presumably contain the ‘metaphysical’ content of nature. In them, the objective ‘spiritual’ of the universe, deified by man, is allowed. This does not exclude the pantheistic presence of metaphysical transcendence, estimated as ‘nonexistence’, ‘nothing’ for the reality of man within nature. Man himself is positioned as one whole of physical and spiritual existence, serving as a semblance of a Single Whole of nature. In conclusion, a list of the main environmental invariants of the world picture is given in comparison with the proposed picture of the world of ecologized postholism − ecocentrism, the advantages of which are emphasized. The Universe and quantum-field reality, along with the Earth, become components of the All-unified Whole authentic home of the ‘ecos’ of man. Further conditions and prospects for the direct development of this model are discussed.

LIFE COMPETENCE OF PERSONALITY AS A CONDITION OF LIFE CREATION: ORIGINS AND MODERN DIMENSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-297
Author(s):  
В. А. Яковлєва ◽  
Л. Ю. Москальова ◽  
С. С. Рашидова
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
First Century ◽  
Human Society ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Impossible Task ◽  
Theoretical Category ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Universe

This article discusses current issues of personal development associated with the formation of its vital competence. In particular, attention is paid to the problem of man, his place in the world, spiritual life, happiness, ways to achieve it throughout the history of world scientific thought; the evolution of views on the essence of the concept of "life competence" of the individual, which has its own history and specifics, is analyzed. It was found that the study of this pedagogical problem is carried out on the border of the sciences of society and education, so in the philosophical and sociological literature partially developed a general theoretical foundation for studying the problem of forming the vital competence of the individual. Modern views of Ukrainian scientists on the essence and components of life competence of the individual are revealed. Emphasis is placed on the fact that this concept as a certain theoretical category took shape only in the last century. The life competence of a person of the twenty-first century involves the ability to mobilize in any situation, in any action to acquire knowledge, understanding experience, in order to learn to live in human society, learn to design their lives, skills that would allow her to productively build her life in accordance with the requirements of her own spirit and the demands of society, the essence of life competence will always be insufficiently represented in the history of society. It is concluded that trying to understand or define the essence of the concept of "life" is the same impossible task as trying to overcome the speed of light. Too low a level of awareness does not allow the average person to plunge into the secrets of the universe. Everyone has the right to create and realize their own picture of the world.

Waldorf Education as a Program for Gifted Students

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Huchingson ◽  
June Huchingson
Keyword(s):  
Gifted Students ◽  
Waldorf Education ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Conscious Thought ◽  
Waldorf Schools ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The World ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Human

Throughout the 70 years that Waldorf schools around the world have been educating children, the teachers and parents in these schools have been excited by their observations. They observe their children becoming confident, conscious, thought-provoking individuals. Through a curriculum of “academics permeated with the arts” (J. Huchingson, 1990), the teacher stands as an evocateur and midwife assisting as the gifts within the individual human being are brought forth.

scholarly journals Magical Aspects in Chandra Shyam Dangol's Stone Sculptures

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
Yam Prasad Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Research Area ◽  
The Self ◽  
Surface Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Thesis Statement ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Universe

Chandra Shyam Dangol's stone sculptures are magical and mystical suggesting supernatural and spiritual aspects related to wisdom and enlightenment. Unusual images and symbols have been put together. On the surface level, the combination appears strange and contrary but as we go through the myths related to the artworks, we find the underlined logic and coherent composition. The recurrent icons, images and symbols are the figures of deities, lotus, mudras (gestures) and asanas (postures) of meditating characters that are combined in an unusual manner.  They provide a sense of miraculous and thrilling spiritual experience. Breaking the monotony of mundane material existence, the works renew our perception. The aesthetic experience leads toward the awareness of the self and the universe and inspires for the harmonious existence of the individual in the world. Because of the mythical and spiritual contents, the sculptures appear to be mystical. The research area covers the stone sculptures of Chandra Shyam Dangol. About a dozen sculptures have been observed for the research but only four works have been interpreted in this paper. The paper attempts to trace the magical elements in his compositions and throw light on their significance. The study follows the qualitative research method to support the thesis statement since the interpretation of artworks may be multiple depending on viewers, time and place.

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