THE PEDIATRICIAN AND THE INDIVIDUAL DELINQUENT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-131
Author(s):  
Julius B. Richmond
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Child Guidance ◽  
First Child ◽  
Current Concern ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Single Formula ◽  
Diagnostic Skill

The Current Concern over juvenile delinquency has brought this problem more forcefully to the attention of physicians. It becomes important, therefore, in a period when people are charging off in all directions in search of a panacea for the prevention of juvenile delinquency, for us to remain aware of the fact that juvenile delinquency is a symptom and not a diagnosis. Just as headache and abdominal pain are symptoms which challenge the diagnostic skill of the physician, so juvenile delinquency is a symptom which is similarly challenging. The symptom per se never tells us the cause; the cause becomes a matter for further investigation. Those who seek a single formula for the prevention of all delinquency are destined to experience nothing but frustration. We should recall that some very good minds have struggled with this problem over many years. In this field, as in all others, those who are ignorant of history are destined to repeat it. A brief historical note is in order to indicate that the role of physicians in programs concerned with the prevention and treatment of the delinquent is not a new one. A Chicago physician, Dr. William Healy, in 1909 organized the first child guidance clinic in the world in an effort to deal with children brought to the attention of the court because of their antisocial behavior. The establishment of this clinic under medical auspices served as a stimulus for the development of child psychiatry as a discipline. Dr. Healy left behind him in Chicago the Institute for Juvenile Research which has carried on work in the field of delinquency for 50 years; he then went on to found the Judge Baker Clinic in Boston.

Translation historiography in the Modern World

Target ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Azadibougar
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Main Engine ◽  
Literary System ◽  
Positive Force

Nearly all scholarly works about the encounter of Iran with European modernity emphasize the role of translation not only in introducing new literary forms into the Persian literary system, but also in becoming the main engine of change and modernization of the culture. This paper concerns itself with this constructivist narrative of the available historiographical discourse and the translational environment between 1851 and 1921 in Iran. After describing the field of translation in the period in question, I challenge the uncritical conception of translation as a positive force by, on the one hand, investigating hypothetical cultural and linguistic implications, and on the other hand, questioning the power of translation per se, as ascribed to it in the above mentioned historiographical discourse, in socio-cultural modernization. This will prioritize the individual and cultural translational effects over the supposed institutional ones.

CHALLENGES FOR PROFESSIONALS IN THE EFFICIENT APPLICATION OF CUSTODIAL EDUCATIONAL MEASURES

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana UNGUREANU
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sports Activities

The institutionalization of juveniles and young offenders who perform a custodial educational measure in an educational centre raises a number of challenges both economic and social with direct consequences in terms of the effectiveness of their resocialization and reintegration into society. That is why an important change was felt in the criminal and social policies for the prevention and treatment of juvenile delinquency in Romanian society and the ways of prevention, intervention and post-intervention developed by institutions with the role of socialization, adaptation and social control of young people were considerably diversified. This paper is part of a larger research that aimed to identify the psycho-social effects of educational measures of deprivation of liberty applied to young offenders in Romania. The research participants (n = 12) are professionals who work in two educative centres in Romania, Târgu Ocna Educative Centre and Buziaş Educative Centre. The research method used to collect the data was the focus group. The research conclusions show us that the educational measure of internment in an educative centre must activate processes of responsibility, favouring the change of personal lifestyles and social and family relations. The intervention of specialists, focused mainly on education, work, religion and cultural, recreational and sports activities, must respond to the principle of individualization, must be modulated by the personality needs of each, based primarily on the individual resources of each. Our research demonstrates that all these results can be achieved only through continuous and adequate training of professionals working with juvenile delinquents.

Martin Luther’s Reform of Worship

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk G. Lange
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Holy Communion ◽  
New Creation ◽  
God's Word ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Individual

Martin Luther’s reform of worship centers on gospel proclamation in its various manifestations. Gospel-centered worship necessarily de-centers the individual in his or her own quest for fulfillment or meaning. It de-centers the community from an inward, self-sufficient, closed-border understanding of identity. God comes to the believer and the community in worship through means (that is, through preaching and the administration of the sacraments). These means disrupt, confront, create, renew, and re-orient faith and love. In A Treatise on the New Testament, That Is, the Holy Mass, Luther sums up the reform of worship in one sentence: “Christ, in order to prepare for himself an acceptable and beloved people, which should be bound together in unity through love, abolished the whole law of Moses. And that he might not give further occasion for divisions and sects, he appointed in return but one law or order for his entire people, and that was the holy mass” (LW 35:81; WA 6:355, 3–4). The law that Luther points to is none other than Christ himself coming to humankind, giving of himself, reconciling all of humanity with God. This work is finished. There are no other sacrifices to be made (The Misuse of the Mass, LW 36). Worship is now characterized by two things: thanksgiving and service. In his reform of the liturgy, Luther argued that the liturgy is both about the word and the rites. The Word of God (as something “heard,” for example, in preaching) does not negate or replace the ritual of worship but the Word is encountered both in the preaching and in the rites (sacraments). Proclamation happens within the liturgical order. The liturgy is not displaced or replaced by preaching the Word alone. Though the sacraments, particularly the Sacrament of the Altar (or Holy Communion) was misused, Luther did not reject the sacrament per se but sought to re-establish a correct interpretation. Sacrament was not to be equated with sacrifice but with a gift from God. Therefore, Luther continually argued for the maintenance of the bond between Word and sacrament as constitutive of the liturgy. A corollary reform involved retrieving the role of the body in worship. Proclamation employs earthly means. The gospel expressed in words (preaching) presents only half the picture because God’s Word also comes to the worshiping community through non-verbal means. Luther explains how the words are also seen and tasted, how they are received through and in the body. A key aspect of these characteristics of the reform of worship is on the interior sources of the liturgy. Luther and reformers keep the ceremonies and traditions of the Mass as long as they do not burden consciences (that is, create guilt in a person by making them believe they must still do something to be reconciled with God). The Word, whether preached or embodied in the sacraments, must point the believer always towards the gospel, that is, towards God’s free gift of forgiveness, reconciliation, and new creation. If, however, the preaching and the sacraments are considered works that make a believer righteous before God, they are to be condemned for then they no longer serve the Gospel. This reversal in the theology of worship takes shape in Luther’s two proposals for a liturgical order as it does in his writing on public worship and on the sacraments, notably Baptism and Holy Communion. Though he proposed liturgical orders, Luther constantly maintained that such orders should not become “rules” but serve as demonstrations on how evangelical freedom is to be maintained within the framework of God’s Word and sacrament.

scholarly journals Satisfying Customers Using Total Quality Management: The Mediating Role of Control Systems

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulnaidi Yaacob ◽  
Ommei Kolsum S. Router
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Total Quality Management ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

The premise of this paper is that Total Quality Management (TQM) must be adopted as a way of life for employees and not just as a slogan per se, so that the intended goal of implementing TQM can be fully realised. In order to internalise the philosophy of TQM into each organisational member, control systems play an important role. Control systems, among others, are implemented as systems for aligning the intended objectives of TQM and the individual objectives of each employee. The findings of this study supported the contingency theory that suggested the control systems being practised should be aligned with the strategy pursued to achieve the intended objectives. This paper extends the current existing knowledge by investigating the mediating role of control systems in explaining the relationship between TQM and customer satisfaction.  

scholarly journals Nooindustrial production: a step towards non-economic development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Bodrunov ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
First Century ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Core Components ◽  
New Type ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Public Production ◽  
The Individual

Considers the role of core components, i. e. individual, society and production, in the development of twenty-first century economy; the influence of intense market competition on humans as bio(zoo)beings; and the need to abandon the zootrend in civilizational development and pursue a different path targeting the creation of a new type of wants, values, and incentives -and, ultimatley, the new Individual. The author describes the transition from postindustrialism to knowledge-based NIS.2 followed by progress towards nooproduction and noonomy. Bodrunov analyzes public production as a system under the noonomy and emphasizes that nooproduction will focus on the production of the Individual per se. Cultural progress will underlie shifts in the structure of noowants.

Left-Behind Children and Mobile

2016 ◽  
pp. 452-471
Author(s):  
Janice Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Problem Solver ◽  
Institutional Goals ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Migrant Families

Through critical analysis of selected news stories from sina.com from 2010 to 2015 about “left-behind children” in China, the chapter examines media discourse on relationships between migrant families and communication technology. The author finds that the role of cell phones in their lives are portrayed in the following narratives: 1) Cell phones are highly valuable for connecting family members living apart; 2) Cell phones are used as a problem-solver in charity giving and rural development projects; 3) Cell phones can bring unexpected risks; 4) Cell phones could harbor or unleash evil—associated with increasing cases of crimes victimizing left-behind children and juvenile delinquency. The author discusses how institutional goals of social agencies, corporations, educators and law enforcement contribute to the polarity of cell-phone-related discourses, which reflect the societal anxieties over unsupervised access to technology by adolescents, as well as the cultural and political implications of empowering the “have-nots” of digital divide.

Left-Behind Children and Mobile

2021 ◽  
pp. 667-686
Author(s):  
Janice Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Problem Solver ◽  
Institutional Goals ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
Migrant Families

Through critical analysis of selected news stories from sina.com from 2010 to 2015 about “left-behind children” in China, the chapter examines media discourse on relationships between migrant families and communication technology. The author finds that the role of cell phones in their lives are portrayed in the following narratives: 1) Cell phones are highly valuable for connecting family members living apart; 2) Cell phones are used as a problem-solver in charity giving and rural development projects; 3) Cell phones can bring unexpected risks; 4) Cell phones could harbor or unleash evil—associated with increasing cases of crimes victimizing left-behind children and juvenile delinquency. The author discusses how institutional goals of social agencies, corporations, educators and law enforcement contribute to the polarity of cell-phone-related discourses, which reflect the societal anxieties over unsupervised access to technology by adolescents, as well as the cultural and political implications of empowering the “have-nots” of digital divide.

School Success and School Engagement of Immigrant Children and Adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frosso Motti-Stefanidi ◽  
Ann S. Masten
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
School Engagement ◽  
School Success ◽  
Immigrant Children ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
The Individual

Academic achievement in immigrant children and adolescents is an indicator of current and future adaptive success. Since the future of immigrant youths is inextricably linked to that of the receiving society, the success of their trajectory through school becomes a high stakes issue both for the individual and society. The present article focuses on school success in immigrant children and adolescents, and the role of school engagement in accounting for individual and group differences in academic achievement from the perspective of a multilevel integrative model of immigrant youths’ adaptation ( Motti-Stefanidi, Berry, Chryssochoou, Sam, & Phinney, 2012 ). Drawing on this conceptual framework, school success is examined in developmental and acculturative context, taking into account multiple levels of analysis. Findings suggest that for both immigrant and nonimmigrant youths the relationship between school engagement and school success is bidirectional, each influencing over time the other. Evidence regarding potential moderating and mediating roles of school engagement for the academic success of immigrant youths also is evaluated.

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