The Value of Iron Therapy in Pica

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-562
Author(s):  
ROBERT MCDONALD ◽  
SHEILA R. MARSHALL
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Iron Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Intramuscular Injections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Permanent Cure

As doubt had been cast upon the reputed efficacy of iron in the treatment of pica, a double blind controlled trial was carried out in an endeavor to establish a firmer conclusion in the matter. One group of children received intramuscular iron and a control group of equal mean age were given intramuscular injections of normal saline. Three to 4 months later nearly all of those given iron had lost their pica, but it was still present in three-quarters of the controls. After 5 to 6 months there was no significant difference between the two groups and this failure of maintenance of cure may have been related to a fall in mean hemoglobin level which occurred. Five children who initially received saline and in whom pica was still present were given iron at 6 months and all lost their pica. Our experience is that pica can be cured by iron in nearly all cases, but that permanent cure may be dependent upon the maintenance of adequate hemoglobin levels.

scholarly journals Pengaruh suplementasi seng dan vitamin B6 terhadap kadar hemoglobin, hematokrit dan indeks eritrosit pasien malaria vivax yang anemia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Sofiyetti Sofiyetti ◽  
Edi Dharmana ◽  
M. Zen Rahfiludin ◽  
Nyoman Suci W ◽  
Diana Nur Afifah
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Vitamin B6 ◽  
Aminolevulinic Acid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hemoglobin Level ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax Malaria

Background: Zinc supplementation decrease the risk of malaria parasitaemia, increasing ferritin serum level and hemoglobin in patients with malaria. Zinc influence the activity of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) an enzymes that catalizes heme synthesize. Vitamin B6 in pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP) from has a role in alpha-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) formation, which is the precursor of heme in hemoglobin. PLP also inhibit the growth of the malaria parasite.Objective: The objective was to analyze the effect of zinc and vitamin B6 supplementation on hemoglobin level, hematocrit and erythrocyte indexs (MCV, MCH and MCHC) of anemic Plasmodium vivax malaria patients.Methods: Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial with pre and post test design. 30 subjects were divided into two groups: the suplementation group were given zinc 1x10 mg/day with vitamin B6 1x5 mg/day and the control group were given a placebo for 30 days. Data analysis by paired t-test, independent t-test and Mann Whitney.Results: There was an increase in Hb levels in the suplementation group (p=0.0001), the control group (p=0.001) and there was a significant difference on the increase between the two groups (p=0.020). Hematocrit significant increase only in the suplementation group (p=0.0001). There were no differences on erythrocyte index parameter in both groups.Conclusion: Zinc and vitamin B6 supplementation of for 30 days increase the hemoglobin level, hematocrit and there were no effect on erythrocyte indexs of anemic Plasmodium vivax malaria patients.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a herbal toothpaste on patients with established gingivitis: a randomized controlled trial

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Ozaki ◽  
Claudio Mendes Pannuti ◽  
Ana Vitória Imbronito ◽  
Wellington Pessotti ◽  
Luciana Saraiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

The aim of this randomised, double blind controlled trial was to verify the efficacy of a herbal dentifrice on the reduction of plaque and gingivitis. Forty eight volunteers with established gingivitis were randomly assigned to either a test group (herbal dentifrice) or positive control group (dentifrice with triclosan and fluoride). The dentifrices were distributed in plain white tubes by an independent pharmacy, which revealed the contents of each tube only after the experimental period. Plaque and gingivitis assessments were carried out on baseline and after 28 days of product use. All examinations were conducted by the same calibrated investigator. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth three times daily using their assigned dentifrice for 28 days. There was a significant reduction in plaque levels in both the test and control groups. However, there was no significant difference between the groups. A significant reduction in gingivitis was observed in both groups, although there was no significant difference between them. No adverse reactions were reported. The authors concluded that both dentifrices were effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis in subjects with established gingivitis.

scholarly journals Ganji Formulation for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Who Have Undergone Surgery: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jing-Hao Zhang ◽  
Chao Zheng ◽  
Xiao-Jun Zhu ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Jun Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Liver Resection ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Local Ablation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Objective. To ascertain the efficacy and safety of Ganji Formulation (GF) for patients with Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who had undergone surgery. Materials and Methods. A total of 262 HCC patients who had undergone liver resection, local ablation, or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) were divided randomly into the treatment group and control group. The former was treated with GF and the later with placebo, both for 6 months. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Second endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS) or time to disease progression (TTP). Results. OS of the treatment group was significantly longer than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that, for patients who received TACE, the TTP was significantly longer in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). However, for patients who underwent liver resection or local ablation, there was no significant difference in DFS between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion. GF could improve postoperative cumulative survival and prolong the TTP. This clinical trial number is registered with ChiCTR-IOR-15007349.

scholarly journals Periarticular Injection with Bupivacaine for Postoperative Pain Control in Total Knee Replacement: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varah Yuenyongviwat ◽  
Chaturong Pornrattanamaneewong ◽  
Thitima Chinachoti ◽  
Keerati Chareancholvanich
Keyword(s):  
Pain Control ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Periarticular Injection ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Significant Difference

Background. Local periarticular injection with bupivacaine alone in TKA has not been studied. Thus, we aimed to examine the effectiveness of local periarticular injection with bupivacaine for post-operative pain control in TKA.Method. Sixty patients undergoing TKA by a single surgeon were randomly assigned into two groups in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. In the injection group, patients received periarticular injections with 0.25% bupivacaine before wound closure; in the control group, patients received a 0.9% normal saline injection. Both groups received the same anesthetic procedure, post-operative pain control, and rehabilitation protocol.Results. There was a significant reduction in post-operative morphine consumption in the first six hours after the operation (mean 0.9 mg and 2.43 mg,P=0.01), but there was no significant difference in post-operative morphine consumption between six hours and ninety-six hours after the operation, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, morphine side effects during the first 96 hours, length of hospital stay, or complications from morphine consumption.Conclusion. Local periarticular injection with bupivacaine alone before wound closer was shown to be an effective method to improve pain control after TKA with a few complications and ease of use.

scholarly journals Effects of Bupropion on Cognitive Function in Schizophrenia: A Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Mansoureh Mirzadeh ◽  
Najmeh Shahini ◽  
Masoud Kashani Lotf Abadi ◽  
Maryam Tavakoli ◽  
Arash Javanbakht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

<p>Smoking habits are common in schizophrenic patients. Nicotine can suppress negative symptoms and cognitive impairments. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of bupropion on cognitive function in schizophrenic patients.<strong> </strong>This study is a double blind randomized controlled trial in a large referral psychiatric university hospital in Iran. Ninety smoker schizophrenic patients were randomly allocated (based on DSM -IV TR criteria) in two groups (46 patients for case group and 44 patients in control group). They get risperidone up to 6 mg/d and bupropion up to 400 mg/d .clinical assessment (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) were taken in beginning of study, 14<sup>th</sup> and 28<sup>th</sup> days of study. Cognitive assessment (Stroop, Digit Span, and Wechsler, Wisconsin) were taken in begging of study, the days 2<sup>nd</sup>, 7<sup>th</sup>, 14<sup>th</sup>, 28<sup>th</sup>. All data were analyzed by SPSS Ver. 17 with analytic and descriptive tests. Mean age of patients was 37.66±1.01. Mean duration of disorder was 11.63±.98 years. The scores were significantly lower at the day 28<sup>th</sup> compared to the beginning of the study in both groups in Wechsler, Stroop color word , Stroop word , Stroop color , BPRS, PANSS p value ≤0.05 .The difference between the two treatments was not significant as indicated by the effect of group, the between-subjects factor<strong> </strong><strong>p </strong>value ≥0.05. In this study, the side effects were examined and there was no significant difference between the two groups p value ≥0.05.<strong> </strong>Augmentation of bupropion to routine treatment improves cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia in abstinence of tobacco.</p>

Application of Iced Normal Saline Combined with Cocktail Perfusion in Total Knee Arthroplasty:Randomized Controlled Trialrandomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laijian Sui ◽  
Aihua Jiang ◽  
Pengzhou Gai ◽  
Xiaojun Qi ◽  
Jinwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Postoperative Drainage ◽  
Group A ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: The present study was designed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of iced normal saline combined with cocktail perfusion during total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Method: Sixty patients undergoing TKA were divided into three groups, then three different intro-operative articular cavity perfusion treatment was given according to the randomized, double-blind and controlled rule. One way ANOVA analysis on visual analogue scale (VAS) score, functional recovery, drainage, and edema of the affected limb were performed to assess the efficiency of the treatment in the following three days after the operation.Results: Postoperative drainage in group A and B reduced significantly (P<0.05). The IHC scores of the surgical limbs were markedly lower comparing with the control group (P<0.05). No differential postoperative edema was observed and the patient acquired better rehabilitation in group A and B than control group. Compared with group A, no differential postoperative drainage and edema was seen in group B (P>0.05). The VAS score of group B was significantly lower than in group A(P<0.05). Postoperative recovery of the surgical limb function in group B was better than in group A (P<0.05), and PGE2 in the postoperative drainage volume of group B was significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusions: Intra-operation articular cavity perfusion therapy with iced normal saline combined with cocktail perfusion therapy can greatly reduce the early inflammation, contributing to the better rehabilitation of TKA.

Can post-tonsillectomy pain be reduced by topical bupivacaine? Double blind controlled trial

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 592-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Violaris ◽  
J.R. Tuffin
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cent Solution ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tonsillar Fossa ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Tonsillectomy

AbstractA double blind controlled prospective trial investigated the analgesic effect of topical Bupivacaine in 15 adult patients undergoing bilateral tonsillectomy. Each patient had one tonsillar fossa exposed to Bupivacaine 0.5 per cent solution and the other to normal saline. When visited four to six hours post-operatively, 12 out of 15 patients (80 per cent) stated that the Bupivacaine exposed side to be more uncomfortable than the saline exposed side. On the first post-operative mornning 9 out of 15 patients (60 per cent) confirmed the same. The remaining patients were unable to detect a significant difference and no patient found the Bupivacaine side to be more comfortable.These results suggest that topical Bupivacaine 0.5 per cent solution has no place in providing post-operative analgesia in adult tonsillectomy.

scholarly journals Clinical Study on the Prevention of Oxaliplatin-Induced Neurotoxicity with Guilongtongluofang: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfang Liu ◽  
Guangying Zhu ◽  
Li Han ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Ting Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trial Group ◽  
Peripheral Neurotoxicity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective. Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity continues to be a kind of frequent dose-limiting toxicity for many cancer patients. This study evaluated the preventive effects of Guilongtongluofang on peripheral neurotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin in patients with colorectal tumor.Patients and Methods. From May 2007 to May 2011, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. 120 patients of colorectal cancer treated with adjuvant oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy were randomly enrolled into the trial group and the control group. The trial group received Guilongtongluofang (at a dose of 200 mL once a day) from 3 days prior to chemotherapy. The control group received a placebo from 3 days prior to chemotherapy. Every 2-week cycle, neurotoxicity was evaluated using numeric rating scale for pain intensity and experienced relief. The primary endpoint was efficacy measurement which included oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity and tumor response. The differences of side effects between the two groups were also analyzed.Results. The percentage of grades 1-2 neurotoxicity was significantly lower in the trial group than that in the control group (13.3% versus 20.0%;P<0.05) after two cycles of treatment. The difference of the percentage of neurotoxicity between the two groups was significant after six cycles (51.7% versus 70.0%;P<0.05). Significant difference for the mean time to the development of grade 1+ neurotoxicity was found between the two groups (9.4 w in the trial group versus 6.5 w in the control group,P<0.05). The cumulative incidence of grade 1 or more sensory neurotoxicity was significantly lower in the trial group than that in the control group (P<0.05). No significant differences of tumor response rate were found between the two groups the trial group and the control group. No significant difference was found between the trial group and the control group (allP>0.05).Conclusion. This study provides evidence that Guilongtongluofang is a promising drug for the prevention of oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity in patients with colorectal cancer, and it does not reduce the efficacy of oxaliplatin.

scholarly journals Intrauterine levobupivacaine for pain control during intrauterine device insertion

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1117
Author(s):  
Nilufer Akgun ◽  
Esra Keskin ◽  
Muberra Namlı Kalem ◽  
Batuhan Bakirarar
Keyword(s):  
Pain Control ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vas Scores

Background: Safe, effective, long term and a reversible contraception method is offered by intrauterine devices (IUDs).  The objective was to determine the potency of intrauterine administration of 5 cc levobupivacain for pain relief with IUD insertion, when compared with saline placebo.Methods: This was a prospective randomized, double blind placebo-controlled trial undergoing İUD insertion. The trial medication was intrauterine anesthesia, either 5 mL 0.9% saline (control group), or 5 mL 0.5% levobupivacaine. Our primary outcome was self-reported pain scores on a 10 cm visual analogue scale (VAS) immediately following IUD insertion.Results: 95 women were enrolled, and data for 88 women were analyzed. In IUD insertion procedure, no difference was observed between groups during teneculum placement and solution administration, in the course of VAS scores (p=0.349, p=0.396). There was a significant difference in the VAS scores measuring pain suffering during and after IUD procedure (p=0.001).Conclusions: Intrauterine instillation of 5 cc of levobupivacaine along with saline solution reduces pain with IUD insertion when compared to intrauterine saline placebo. Broad deviation in pain scores and persistent pain after IUD insertion recommends that patient would benefit from more functioning method of pain control than before at IUD insertion and during the post interval.

scholarly journals Is Infusion of Subhypnotic Propofol as Effective as Dexamethasone in Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Related to Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy? A Randomized Controlled Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mine Celik ◽  
Aysenur Dostbil ◽  
Mehmet Aksoy ◽  
Ilker Ince ◽  
Ali Ahiskalioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group D

Background. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of common complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of subhypnotic (1 mg/kg/h) infusion of propofol with dexamethasone on PONV in patients undergoing LC.Methods. A total of 120 patients were included in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups; patients of group dexamethasone (group D) were administrated 8 mg dexamethasone before induction of anesthesia, patients of group propofol (group P) were infused to subhypnotic (1 mg/kg/h) propofol during operation and patients of group control (group C) were applied infusion of 10% intralipid. The incidence of PONV and needs for rescue analgesic and antiemetic were recorded in the first 24 h postoperatively.Results. In the 0–24 h, the incidence of PONV was significantly lower in the group D and group P compared with the group C (37.5%, 40%, and 72.5%, resp.). There was no significant difference in the incidence of PONV and use of antiemetics and analgesic between group D and group P.Conclusion. We concluded that infusion of propofol 1 mg/kg/h is as effective as dexamethasone for the prevention of PONV during the first 24 hours after anesthesia in patients undergoing LC.

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