LIPID METABOLISM IN THE NEWBORN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 640-645
Author(s):  
Paulus Zee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Distribution ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Cord Serum ◽  
Fat Mobilization ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

Triglyceride, cholesterol and cholesteryl ester concentrations in the cord serum of 10 infants were determined and found to be considerably lower than in the mother's serum. The fatty acid compositions of the cord serum triglycerides and cholesteryl esters were significantly different from those of the mothers. The linoleate fraction of these esters was especially low. Plasma triglyceride concentrations in full-term, healthy infants rose significantly 9 hours after birth. The fatty acid distribution of these triglycerides at 12 hours varied from that at birth; this difference was also reflected in reported plasma free fatty acids and suggests a precursory relationship. The plasma total cholesterol concentrations did not alter in the first 12 hours, nor did the fatty acid distribution of the cholesteryl esters change significantly. A method to measure low concentrations of triglycerides in small samples is described. The differences between maternal and cord serum lipids suggest that fetal lipids do not originate directly in the mother. The rise in plasma triglycerides is part of an increased fat mobilization occurring after birth.

scholarly journals Biological Potential of Products Obtained from Palm Trees of the Genus Syagrus

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Davi de Lacerda Coriolano ◽  
Maria Helena Menezes Estevam Alves ◽  
Isabella Macário Ferro Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Syagrus Romanzoffiana ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions ◽  
Antibacterial Potential

Medicinal plants have been used for centuries by communities worldwide, as they have diverse biological properties and are effective against numerous diseases. The genus Syagrus stands out for its versatility and for so many activities presented by these palm trees, mainly due to its rich chemical and fatty acid compositions. The genus has antibacterial potential, has antibiofilm, antiparasitic, antioxidant, prebiotic, antiulcerogenic, anticholinesterase, and hypoglycemic activities, and can produce biodiesel, amid others. Among all species, Syagrus coronata and Syagrus romanzoffiana stand out, presenting the greatest number of activities and applications. The secondary metabolites obtained from these palm trees present high activity even in low concentrations and can be used against infections and chronic diseases. Furthermore, these plants have been used in some communities for years and have presented healing properties, especially in inflammatory processes. Therefore, the Syagrus genus proves to be promising, which shows a lot of therapeutic potential.

LIPID METABOLISM IN THE NEWBORN. I. PHOSPHOLIPIDS IN CORD AND MATERNAL SERA

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
Paulus Zee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fatty Acid Pattern ◽  
Fatty Acid Distribution ◽  
Placental Barrier ◽  
Serum Phospholipid ◽  
Cord Serum ◽  
Fetal Serum ◽  
Serum Phospholipids

Lecithin, sphingomyelin, lyso-lecithin and cephalins were determined in the cord serum of ten newborns and in the serum of their respective mothers, drawn just prior to their delivery. Significant differences were found in the amount and distribution of serum phospholipids, as well as in the fatty acid pattern of serum lecithins, between newborn and mother. The findings were interpreted to mean that at parturition a placental barrier exists between maternal and fetal serum phospholipids. The mothers, at the conclusion of their pregnancy, showed characteristic differences in their serum phospholipid concentrations and in the fatty acid distribution of serum lecithin from non-pregnant women.

STEROIDS AND THE STIMULATION OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION OF A SPECIES OF PYTHIUM

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Haskins ◽  
A. P. Tulloch ◽  
R. G. Micetich
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions ◽  
Stimulation Of

The fatty acid compositions of the mycelia of a parasitic species of Pythium and of various hosts are reported. The Pythium spp. contained high concentrations of myristic acid and low concentrations of linoleic and linolenic acids in comparison with concentrations in other fungi tested. Appreciable amounts of unsaturated C20 acids, uncommon in fungi, were found in the Phycomycetes tested. Vegetable oils and other fats of widely varying fatty acid compositions were all effective in stimulating sexual reproduction of the Pythium sp. It was concluded that substance(s) other than fatty acids present in the vegetable oils were responsible for the stimulation observed. The most active fraction in sunflower seed oil was isolated and identified as a phytosterol, probably β-sitosterol. The results of testing for stimulatory activity a series of structurally related compounds indicated that the sexual reproduction of the Pythium sp. studied required the presence of a substance such as β-sitosterol or cholesterol or one with similar structure and which similarly satisfied certain specific structural requirements regarding length of the C17 side chain, stereochemistry, and position of the oxygenated function. β-Sitosterol and cholesterol were effective at 0.2 γ/ml in potato dextrose agar.

Comparison of Fatty Acid Compositions and Tocopherols in Perilla germplasm of South Korea

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Sung ◽  
YJ Jeong ◽  
DJ Kim ◽  
YY Lee ◽  
YA Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

In Vitro Incorporation and Metabolism of Icosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids in Human Platelets - Effect on Aggregation

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (01) ◽  
pp. 057-062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martine Croset ◽  
M Lagarde
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Fatty Acid Distribution ◽  
Thromboxane A2 ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Aggregation Response ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids ◽  
Membrane Level

SummaryWashed human platelets were pre-loaded with icosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or EPA + DHA and tested for their aggregation response in comparison with control platelets. In fatty acid-rich platelets, an inhibition of the aggregation could be observed when induced by thrombin, collagen or U-46619. The strongest inhibition was observed with DHA-rich platelets and it was reduced when DHA was incorporated in the presence of EPA.Study of fatty acid distribution in cell lipids after loading showed that around 90% of EPA or DHA taken up was acylated into phospholipids and a very small amount (less than 2%) remained in their free and hydroxylated forms. DHA was more efficiently acylated into phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) than into phosphatidylinositol (PI) in contrast to what observed with EPA, and both acids were preferentially incorporated into phosphatidylcholine (PC). EPA inhibited total incorporation of DHA and increased its relative acylation into PE at the expense of PC. In contrast, DHA did not affect the acylation of EPA. Upon stimulation with, thrombin, EPA was liberated from phospholipids and oxygenated (as judged by the formation of its monohydroxy derivative) whereas DHA was much less metabolized, although consistently transferred into PE.It is concluded that EPA and DHA might affect platelet aggregation via different mechanisms when pre-loaded in phospholipids. Whereas EPA is known to alter thromboxane A2 metabolism from endogenous arachidonic acid, by competing with it, DHA might act directly at the membrane level for inhibiting aggregation.

Serum Fatty Acid Compositions and Lipid Concentrations and Their Correlations.

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshichika TAKITA ◽  
Kahoru NAKAMURA ◽  
Mitsuru KIMIRA ◽  
Norihiro YAMADA ◽  
Yoshie KOBAYASHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Serum Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

Fatty Acid Data and Crop Surveys Indicate Sources of Red Sunflower Seed Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Populations and Suggest Strategies for Management

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarrad R Prasifka ◽  
Beth Ferguson ◽  
James V Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Fatty Acid Data ◽  
Smicronyx Fulvus ◽  
Combined Data ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

Abstract The red sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx fulvus L., is a univoltine seed-feeding pest of cultivated sunflower, Helianthus annuus L. Artificial infestations of S. fulvus onto sunflowers with traditional (<25% oleic acid), mid-oleic (55–75%), or high oleic (>80%) fatty acid profiles were used to test if fatty acids could be used as natural markers to estimate the proportion of weevils developing on oilseed sunflowers rather than wild Helianthus spp. and confection (non-oil) types. Oleic acid (%) in S. fulvus confirmed the fatty acid compositions of mature larvae and weevil adults reflected their diets, making primary (oleic or linoleic) fatty acids feasible as natural markers for this crop-insect combination. Oleic acid in wild S. fulvus populations in North Dakota suggests at least 84 and 90% of adults originated from mid-oleic or high oleic sunflower hybrids in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Surveys in 2017 (n = 156 fields) and 2019 (n = 120 fields) extended information provided by S. fulvus fatty acid data; no significant spatial patterns of S. fulvus damage were detected in samples, damage to oilseed sunflowers was greater than confection (non-oil) types, and the majority of damage occurred in ≈10% of surveyed fields. Combined, data suggest a few unmanaged or mismanaged oilseed sunflower fields are responsible for producing most S. fulvus in an area. Improved management seems possible with a combination of grower education and expanded use of non-insecticidal tactics, including cultural practices and S. fulvus-resistant hybrids.

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